Name _______________________
Date _____________ Block _____
SOL Review Packet 2012-2013
Directions: Matching. Match each statement and/or question with the correct fundamental principle. Write the correct
letter in the blank provided.
a. Consent of the Governed
d. Representative Government
b. Democracy
e. Rule of Law
c. Limited Government
__A__ 1. This states that the people are the source of any and all governmental power.
__C__ 2. This says the government is not all powerful and may only do those things the people give it the power to do.
__E__ 3. This says the people, the government and those who govern are bound by the law.
__B__ 4. In this type of government the people rule and theoretically have equal power.
__D__ 5. In this type of government the people elect public office holders to make laws and conduct government on
their behalf.
Directions: Match each statement and/or question with the correct document. Write the correct letter in the blank
provided.
a. Articles of Confederation
e. VA Statutes of Religious Freedom
b. VA Declaration of Rights
f. Bill of Rights
c. Declaration of Independence
g. Charters of the Virginia Company
d. US Constitution
__G__ 1. This historical document guaranteed the colonists the same rights that were given to all English citizens.
__B__ 2. This Virginia document served as a model for the Constitution’s Bill of Rights.
__C__ 3. Along with stating grievances against the king of England, this document suggested the idea that all people
have certain unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
__A_ 4. Under this plan of government (the first plan in the US), the weakness of the central government included no
power to tax, enforce the laws or maintain a common currency.
__E__ 5. This document guaranteed freedom of religious beliefs and opinions to the people of Virginia.
__F__ 6. This change to the Constitution established the right to religious freedom, assembly, to petition the
government for change (in writing), free press and freedoms of speech.
__D__ 7. Our Founding Fathers added the Bill of Rights to this governing document.
Directions: Remember RAPPS? Name and describe/define the five rights protected in the first amendment.
R – Religion (right to worship whomever/whatever you please)
A – Assembly (right to gather in groups)
P – Petition (right to question the government)
P – Press (government cannot interfere with the news)
S – Speech (right to say what you want)
Directions: Matching. Match each statement and/or question as either a Civic Duty or Responsibility.
A. Civic Duty
B. Civic Responsibility
__A__ 1. Obeying the laws is an example of a citizen’s __________.
__B__ 2. Registering to vote and voting is an example of a citizen’s __________.
__A__ 3. Serving in the armed forces when called is an example of a citizen’s __________.
__B__ 4. Serving in voluntary appointed positions in your local government is an example of a citizen’s
__________.
__B_ 5. Keeping informed about current issues and communicating concerns to governing bodies is an example of a
citizen’s __________.
__A__ 6. Serving on a jury or acting as a witness in court when called are examples of a citizen’s
__________.
__A__ 7. Paying taxes is an example of a citizen’s __________.
__B__ 8. Holding elective office and participating in political campaigns are examples of __________.
__B_ 9. Participating in the school and/or local community and being an informed voter.
Directions: Fill in the blank with the number that completes the statement.
1. Amendment _5__ prohibits the national government from acting in an unfair manner and denying due process
under the law.
2. Individuals are protected by the _14_ Amendment which prohibits state and local governments from acting in an
unfair manner and denying due process under the law.
3. Amendment _14__ defines citizenship as “all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the
jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and the state wherein they reside”.
4. Amendment _16_ gives Congress the authority to levy and collect an income tax.
5. Amendment __5_ prohibited the national government from denying a citizen their due process rights.
6. The amendment process is complex; to date, only _27_ amendments have been added to the Constitution.
7. Amendment __14_ extended due process protection to actions done by states.
Directions: Matching. Match each statement and/or question with the correct political process key term/description.
a. Functions of Political Parties
f. Political Action Committee
b. Wealthy
g. Third Party
c. Campaign Finance Laws
h. Platform
d. “SIDE”
i. Media
e. Political Center
__G__ 1. _______ parties introduce new ideas or press for a particular issue and sometimes influence the outcome of
elections by dividing the votes between the two major party candidates.
__F__ 2. Organizations dedicated to raising and spending money to either elect or defeat another political candidate.
__I__ 3. Introducing the public to the candidates, emphasizing certain issues, expressing opinions in editorials and
political cartoons and broadcasting different points of view is the role of the __________ in political
campaigns.
__A__ 4. Recruiting and nominating candidates, educating the electorate about campaign issues, helping candidates
win elections and monitoring the actions of politicians are the main __________.
__E__ 5. The best way for any candidate to win an election is to reflect both liberal and
conservative views and appeal to the __________.
__F__ 6. Rising campaign costs encourages the development of __________ which have
increased influence in a political campaign.
__G__ 7. _____ parties rarely win elections, but they play an important role in the political system of the United States.
__C__ 8. Out of control campaign costs have led to the reforms such as __________.
__G__ 9. The Green, Libertarian, Progressive, Whig and Socialist are all examples of __________.
__B__ 10. Running for political office is expensive, therefore, it gives an advantage to __________ candidates and
limits the opportunities for less __________ candidates.
__D__ 11. The act of separating fact from opinion, identifying types of propaganda, detecting bias, and evaluating
sources are strategies known by this acronym __________.
__H__ 12. The differences between political parties are stated in a party’s __________. Example: Senators Obama
and McCain had different opinions on how to fix the nation’s economy.
Citizenship and Voting
What are the two ways someone can become a citizen?
1. Birth
2. Naturalization
How does someone become a citizen?
Demonstrating knowledge of American history, government and English (written and spoken)
Who can vote in Virginia?
1. US Citizens
2. VA residents
3. 18 by election day
How can you register to vote?
1. In person (registrar’s office)
2. Mail in Application
3. Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV
What three factors predict who will vote?
1. Age (older)
2. Income (higher)
3. Education (more)
What are two reasons why people do not vote?
1. Apathy (don’t care)
2. Fail to register in time
Registration is closed 22 days before elections.
The percentage of voters who participate in __PRESIDENTIAL__ elections is usually greater than the percentage
of voters who participate in state and local elections. Every vote is important. Vote! It is how you give your consent
to the government.
Influencing Government
Define the following key terms:
1. mass media – a mechanism of mass _COMMUNICATION / INFO_, including __ TV, INTERNET,
radio, newspapers, _MAGAZINES_, recordings, __MOVIES__, and books.
2. public agenda – _ISSUES__ considered important by __GOVERNMENT__ officials.
Ways the media plays an important role in setting the public agenda.
1. Focusing _PUBLIC__ attention on selected _ISSUES__.
2. Offering a _FORUM_ in which opposing __VIEW POINTS__ are communicated.
3. Holding government _OFFICIALS__ accountable to the _PUBLIC / PEOPLE__.
Directions: Define the following key term:
1. public policy – THE COURSE OF ACTION THE GOVERNMENT TAKES IN RESPONSE TO AN ISSUE, NEED OR
PROBLEM OF THE PEOPLE IT SERVES
Ways individuals influence public policy:
1. Participating in _POLITICS__ by __VOTING__ and campaigning.
2. Expressing _OPINIONS__ by lobbying, demonstrating, writing letters.
3. Joining special INTERESTS GROUPS
Ways interest groups influence public policy:
1. Identifying the __ISSUES__.
2. Making _POLITICAL__ contributions (money).
3. Lobbying __GOVERNMENT__ officials.
A ___LOBBYIST__ is a representative of a special interest group who contacts lawmakers or other government
officials directly to influence their policy making.
Voting and Elections
1. The President and Vice President of the United States are elected by the __ELECTORAL__
College. The electors are all supposed to vote how the majority of the popular (people) vote.
2. How many electoral votes are needed to win the Presidency? _270_
3. The WINNER – TAKE - ALL system leads to the targeting of large states for
campaigning, although candidates must pay attention to small states whose electoral votes may make
the difference in tight elections. This system favors a TWO PARTY political system.
The slate of electors for each state is chosen by popular vote. The electors meet to vote for President and Vice
President. The number of electors for each state is based on the state’s __CONGRESSIONAL__representation.
Do the math.
_100_ Total number of Senators for all 50 states
_435_ Total number of House of Representatives for all 50 states
+
___3_ Washington, D.C.
=
_538__ Total number of Electoral Votes
1. Virginia has __2__ Senators.
2. Virginia has _11__ members of the House of Representatives.
3. Virginia has a total of _13_ electoral votes.
The Constitution of the United States establishes a federal form of government in which the national government is
__SUPREME / MORE POWERFUL_. The Constitution is the _SUPREME__ law of the land.
Directions: Matching. Match each definition in Column A with the correct key word or words in Column B.
Column A
Column B
1.__EXPRESSED___These powers are specifically stated in the Constitution.
implied powers
Example______________________________________________
Example______________________________________________
2.__IMPLIED__These powers are granted by the elastic clause and are
used to carry out expressed powers.
reserved powers
Example________________________________________________
3.__RESERVED__Powers not given to the national government are given to
expressed powers
the state governments.
Example________________________________________________
Example________________________________________________
4.__CONCURRENT___Powers shared by the national and state governments
concurrent
Example________________________________________________
Example________________________________________________
Primary Responsibilities of each level of government:
National – conducts foreign policy, regulates commerce
State – promotes public health, safety, and welfare
Local – varies from place to place, generally goes along with state functions
KNOW ALL
Federalism is a government system in which the power to govern is divided between the federal/national government,
and the state governments. Federalism is one of the backbones of the United States Constitution. The other
principles include popular sovereignty, rule of law, separation of powers, and checks and balances.
Directions: Creating a Venn Diagram. The Constitution gives certain powers to the state governments exclusively,
the federal government exclusively, and some authority to both. The powers listed below fall into one of three
categories. Fill in the blank to complete the Venn diagram.
Federal Powers
State Powers
Shared
B, F, H, M
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
reserved powers
expressed powers
concurrent powers
power to regulate trade within states
power to establish schools
power to coin and print money
power to establish courts and prisons
A, D, E, J, N, O
C, G,
I, K, L
H. power to make treaties with other countries
I. power to enforce laws
J. power to make rules for marriage and divorce
K. power to collect taxes
L. power to borrow money
M. declare war
N. conduct elections
O. establish local governments
KNOW THIS CHART
Directions: Compare the structures and powers of the state government to the national government in a federal
system. Use the chart on the previous page to answer the following questions.
Federalism – a form of government in which power is divided between the federal, or national, government and the
states.
1. The ___VA GENERAL ASSEMBLY___ makes laws for Virginia and approves the annual budget.
2. The ___CONGRESS___ makes laws for the nation and approves the annual budget.
3. The ___GOVERNOR____ executes law of Virginia, prepares the budget, and appoints cabinet
officers.
4. The ____PRESIDENT___ executes laws for the nation, prepares the budget, and appoints cabinet
officers, ambassadors, and federal judges.
5. The ___US SUPREME COURT__ has power of judicial review over federal laws.
6. The ___VA SUPREMEM COURT_ has power of judicial review over state laws.
7. The ___VA GENERAL ASSEMBLY _ reserves power under the 10th amendment.
The Chief Executive of the United States is the President.
Virginia’s Chief
Executive is the
__GOVERNOR –
Virginia’s laws are made
by the __VA GENERAL
ASSEMBLY__.
BOB MCDONNELL_.
The highest court in the
country is the United
States Supreme Court.
The U.S.
Congress makes
laws for the
United States.
The highest court in
Virginia is the _VA
SUPREME
COURT_.
The American constitutional system includes a notion known as the SEPARATION OF POWERS. In this system,
there are three (3) branches of government and power is shared between the branches. At the same time, the powers
of one branch can be challenged by another branch. This is known as the system of CHECKS AND BALANCES.
There are three (3) branches in the United States government as established by the Constitution of the United States
of America. Identify the three (3) branches of government and the specifics requested in the diagram below.
US
CONSTITUTION
The Supreme Law of
the Land
LEGISLATIVE
BRANCH
CONGRESS
Makes the laws
SENATE – UPPER
HOUSE
_______________
(1) House of Congress
EXECUTIVE
BRANCH
Executes the laws
HOUSE OF
REPRESENTATIVES
_______________
(1) House of Congress
JUDICIAL
BRANCH
Interprets the laws
US PRESIDENT
_______________
Chief Executive
US SUPREME
COURT
_______________
Highest Court in the
Land
Separation of Powers – the split of authority among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.
Directions: True/False. Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.
FALSE 1. The United States Supreme Court makes the laws for our nation. LEGISLATIVE
__TR__ 2. The executive branch of government is responsible for preparing our nation’s annual budget.
FALSE 3. The executive branch approves the annual budget of the United States. LEGISLATIVE BRANCH
FALSE 4. The United States Congress has the power of judicial review. JUDICIAL BRANCE
__TR__ 5. The legislative branch must approve presidential appointments.
FALSE 6. The President can veto a decision of the Supreme Court. THE SUPREME COURT HAS FINAL SAY
__TR__ 7. The executive branch nominates/appoints Cabinet officers, ambassadors, federal judges, and Supreme
Court justices but the nominations must be confirmed by the legislative branch.
__TR__ 8. The Congress can override the President’s veto.
FALSE 9. The legislative branch can declare presidential actions unconstitutional. JUDICIAL
__TR__ 10. The Senate confirms presidential appointments to the courts.
Directions: Matching. Match the Government Branch with the correct responsibility listed.
Legislative Branch = L
Executive Branch = E
Judicial Branch = J
_EX_ 11. Executes the law of the land
_EX_ 12. Prepares the annual budget
_LEG_ 13. Approves presidential appointments
_JUD_ 14. Has the power of judicial review
_LEG_ 15. Approves the annual budget
_LEG_ 16. Makes laws for the nation
_JUD_ 17. Tries cases involving federal law
_EX_ 18. Appoints Cabinet officers, ambassadors, and federal judges
_JUD_ 19. Resolves questions about the Constitutionality of laws and governmental actions
_LEG_ 20. Administers the federal or state bureaucracy
List TWO Legislative powers over the Executive Branch.
1. Congress can ___OVERRIDE____ a president’s __VETO____
2. Congress can _IMPEACH____ the president and remove him/her from office
List TWO Legislative powers over the Judicial Branch.
1. The Senate _APPROVES__ federal judges
2. Congress can __IMPEACH__ federal judges and remove them from office
List TWO Executive powers over the Legislative Branch.
1. The president can __OVERRIDE__ congressional legislation
2. The president can call __CONGRSS_ into _SPECIAL SESSION_
List ONE Executive power over the Judicial Branch.
1. The president __APPOINTS__ federal judges
List ONE Judicial power over the Legislative Branch.
1. Declares laws _UNCONSTITUTION_
List ONE Judicial power over the Executive Branch.
1. Declares executive (presidential) acts _UNCONSTITUTIONAL__
The Constitution
The amendment process includes:
1. Action by Congress or Convention.
2. Ratification by the 3/4th’s of the states.
The amendment process is difficult. To date, only __27__ total amendments have been added to the Constitution of
the United States. The first 10 amendments are known as the __BILL OF RIGHTS_.
Congress
1. The formal powers of Congress are limited by the __CONSTITUTION__ of the United States of America.
2. What is a bicameral legislature? HAVING 2 HOUSES OR 2 PARTS OF A LAW MAKING BODY
3. What are the TWO bicameral legislatures in the United States and Virginia called?
Federal - US CONGRESS
House 1 – US SENATE – UPPER HOUSE
House 2 – US HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES – LOWER HOUSE
Virginia – VA GENERAL ASSEMBLY
House 1 – VA SENATE
House 2 - HOUSE OF DELEGATES
Legislative Powers are either:
1. Specifically stated in the Constitution - EXPRESSED POWERS
2. Used to carry out expressed powers – IMPLIED POWERS
The lawmaking process in national and state legislatures includes:
1. Working in committees including JOINT committees
2. DEBATING_ on the floor
3. VOTING_ on the bill by both houses
4. SIGNING_ the bill into law by the president or governor
On the lines to the
right write down the 3
actions the President
can take after Congress
passes a bill
SIGN IT
VETO IT
POCKET VETO – LET THE BILL DIE
Elected officials write laws and take action in response to problems or issues.
Individuals and interest groups help shape legislation (laws).
KNOW THESE!
The President and the Executive Branch
The powers of the executive branch are defined in the Constitution of the United States of America (Article II) and in
the Constitution of Virginia for the governor of Virginia.
The executive branch at the state and national levels carries out the laws.
The Powers and Duties of the President
Chief Citizen
Chief Diplomat
Chief of State
Chief Legislator
Chief Executive
Chief of Party
Commander in Chief
Lists the ways the executive branch (national and state) influences policymaking:
1. Proposes __LEGISLATION___ in the State of the Union or the State of the Commonwealth Address.
2. Appeals directly to the __PUBLIC___.
3. Approves LEGISLATION or vetoes _LEGISLATION_.
4. Appoints officials who carry out the __LAWS__.
Cabinet departments, agencies, and regulatory groups interpret and help with carrying out laws.
The Judicial Branch
The Supreme Courts of the United States and Virginia can declare laws and acts of the executive branch of
government unconstitutional. This power is called judicial review.
The case of Marbury vs. Madison (1803) established the principle of judicial review at the national level.
The Constitution of the United States of America is the SUPREME law of the land.
State laws must conform to the Virginia and United States Constitutions.
The Bill of Rights
Due Process of Law - the constitutional protection against unfair governmental actions and laws.
Individuals are protected by the 5th Amendment which prohibits the national government from acting in an unfair
manner and denying due process.
Individuals are protected by the 14th Amendment which prohibits state and local governments from acting in an
unfair manner and denying due process.
The Supreme Court has extended the due process clauses to protect the guarantees of the Bill of Rights (Amendments
1-10).
Economic Systems
Directions: Matching. Match each statement and/or question with the correct key term. Write the correct letter in the
blank provided. Answers may be used more than once.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
d
K
M
E
J
L
I
A
C
F
N
G
B
H
opportunity cost
capital (resources)
human (resources)
natural (resources)
needs
check
savings
h. profit
i. goods
j. services
k. demand
l. wants
m. taxes
n. income
o. The three basic economic questions
1. Materials that come from nature that people use are natural resources.
2. The amount of products and services that people really want to buy is known as consumer demands.
3. Taxes are owed to the government to pay for services it provides.
4. Things we must have to live (shelter, food, water, and clothing) are called needs.
5. A doctor or a police officer provides a service or work that helps others by providing something they
need or want.
6. Things we do not need to survive (candy, TV, perfume) are called wants.
7. Things for sale that people make or grow are called goods.
8. Opportunity cost is the next best choice that is given when a decision is made.
9. A truck driver is an example of a human resource because he/she works to produce goods and
services.
10. You are using a check when you write a note to the bank giving them permission to withdraw money
from your account to pay for a good or service.
11. Money you earn is your income.
12. Money put away so you can spend it later is savings.
13. Goods made to produce other goods and services are called capital resources. An example is a
hammer or a bulldozer.
14. The amount of money left after all the other costs of operating a business have been paid is called a
profit.
O
15. What will be produced, who will produce it, and for whom will it be produced are the three basic
economic questions
What is Demand? The desire, willingness, and ability to buy a good or service
What is Supply? The amount of a good or service that producers are willing and able to sell at various prices
Directions: Define the following key terms:
1. entrepreneur – individuals who start new businesses, introduce new ideas, and improve management
techniques. A person who takes a risk to produce goods and services in search of a profit.
2. sole proprietorship – a business owned and operated by a single person who takes all the risks and all the
profits.
3. partnership – a business owned by two or more people who share the risks and the profits.
4. corporation – type of business owned by many people (stockholders) but treated by law as though it were a
person. Stockholders share the profits.
Directions: Complete the following chart.
Characteristics of Businesses
Who provides?
Financing - Capital
Who makes?
Business Decisions
Who receives?
Profit
What is the liability?
Liability
Types of
Businesses
Sole Proprietorship
The sole
proprietor
The sole
proprietor
The sole
proprietor
Unlimited liability
Partnership
The partners
The partners
The partners
Unlimited liability
Corporation
The
stockholders
The managers
and the Board of
Directors
The
stockholders
Limited to the
amount of your
investment (stock)
The American Economy
Directions: Use the diagram of the Circular Flow of Economic Activity to help you answer the following questions:
1. Individual and business saving and investing provide financial capital that can be borrowed for business
expansion and increased consumption.
2. Individuals (households) own the resources used in production, sell the resources, and use the income to
purchase goods and services / products.
3. Businesses (producers) buy resources; make products that are sold to individuals, other businesses, and
the government; and use the profits to buy more resources.
4. Governments use tax revenue (money) from individuals and businesses to provide public goods and
services.
Money and Banking
Directions: Complete the diagram with the three (3) types of financial institutions.
Types of
Financial
Institutions
Commercial
banks
Savings
and Loan
Association
Credit
Unions
Financial institutions encourage saving and investing by paying interest on deposits.
Directions: Define the key terms.
1. global economy – worldwide markets in which the buying and selling
of goods and services by all nations takes place.
2. What are the kinds of economies? Command, mixed, free market and traditional
Reasons that states and nations trade:
1.
2.
3.
4.
To obtain goods and services they cannot produce or produce efficiently themselves.
To buy goods and services at a lower cost or a lower opportunity cost.
To sell goods and services to other countries.
To create jobs.
Virginia and the United States specialize in the production of certain goods and services which promotes efficiency and
growth.
Impact of Technology
1. Innovations in technology (e.g. the Internet) contribute to the global flow of information, capital, goods,
and services.
2. The use of such technology also lowers the cost of production.
Ways the government promotes marketplace competition.
1. Enforcing antitrust legislation to discourage the development of monopolies.
2. Engaging in global trade.
3. Supporting new businesses and entrepreneurs.
Directions: The government plays several roles in the economy. Write the letter of each description in the
appropriate circle.
Public
Goods and
Services
F,E,
Roles of the
Government
In the Economy
Federal
Regulatory
Agencies
B, G, H, B
Ensure
Competition
A, C, D
A.
B.
C.
D.
Government works to meet this goal with antitrust laws
E. These goods and services are
Government ensures businesses act fairly and obey the laws
difficult to get people to pay for
Prevents mergers
F. Highways
Sherman Antitrust Act to break up
G. FCC to license radio and TV stations
the Standard Oil Company, which had a monopoly on oil
H. Prevents air and water pollution
Matching:
A. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
B. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
C. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
Directions: Match the government agency to the type of case it would handle.
C 1. TV and movie ratings
B 2. Air pollution
B 3. Ground water contamination
A 4. Undue restrictions on markets
C 5. Labeling of music lyrics
1. Congress created the Environmental Protection Agency “EPA” to protect against air and water pollution.
2. One of the tasks of the Federal Trade Commission “FTC” is to guard against false advertising.
3. If a person is upset over the content in a radio talk show, he or she can complain to the Federal
Communications Commission “FCC”.
PUBLIC GOODS AND SERVICES FROM THE GOVERNMENT
Characteristics of public goods and services
Ways governments produce (pay for) public
goods and services
How does the government pay for public
1. Include such items as interstate
services? Tax revenue
highways, postal service, schools,
and national defense.
2. Provide benefits to many simultaneously
Amendment 16th gives Congress the
authority to levy and collect an income tax on
individual and business income.
3. Would not be available if individuals had to
provide them
The Government Taxes, Borrows and Spends to Influence Economic Activity
1. Government tax increases reduce the funds available for private and business spending; tax decreases increases
the funds for private and business spending.
2. Increased government borrowing reduces funds available for borrowing by individuals and businesses; decreased
government borrowing increases funds available for borrowing by individuals and businesses.
3. Increased government spending increases demand, which may increase employment and production; decreased
spending reduces demand, which may result in a slowing of the economy.
4. Increased government spending may result in higher taxes; decreased government spending may result in lower
taxes.
5. The 16th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America authorizes Congress to tax incomes
both (personal and business).
6. How does the government get funds for paying the National Guard in your community, repairing the roads after a
difficult winter, or building a new post office? tax revenue (money) and borrowing
FISCAL POLICY CHART
Government Action
Taxes
Taxes
 or 


Reaction
Funds/supply of money for spending
by individuals and businesses
Funds/supply of money for spending
by individuals and businesses
Funds/supply of money for borrowing
by individuals and businesses
Government
Borrowing

Government
Borrowing

Funds/supply of money for borrowing
by individuals and businesses
Government
Spending

Demand, therefore, increases in
production and employment
Government
Spending

Government
Spending

Government
Spending

Demand, therefore, slowing the
economy
Taxes
Taxes
 = Increase
 = Decrease
*16th Amendment – authorizes Congress to levy and collect a tax on individual and business incomes
Fill in the Blank:
1. The Federal Reserve System (FED) is the central bank of the United States. Federal Reserve banks act as a
banker’s bank by issuing currency and regulating the amount of money in circulation.
2. Individuals have the right to private ownership, which is protected by negotiated contracts that are
enforceable by law.
3. Government agencies establish guidelines that protect public health and safety.
4. Consumers may take legal action against violations of consumer rights.
5. Career planning starts with self - assessment.
6. Employers seek employees who demonstrate the attitudes and behaviors of a strong work ethic.
7. Higher skills and/or education levels generally lead to higher incomes.
8. Supply and demand also influence job income.
9. Employers seek individuals who have kept pace with technological changes/skills.
10. Technological advancements create new jobs in the workplace.
ARE YOU FINALLY DONE?
Thank you for all of your hard work. It will pay off!
Review this packet for your Civics SOL!!!