Chapter 17 Sect. 1
• Women in the workforce
– Farm Women
• Household tasks
– Women in Industry
• Held the least skilled position and was paid half of what a
male would get paid for the same job (manufacturing)
• Offices, stores and classrooms which required a high school
diploma
– Domestic Workers
• Cleaning for other families
Chapter 17 Sect. 1
• Reform at the state level
– Reform Governors ex Robert M. LaFollette
– Protecting working children
• Progressives succeeded in nearly every state by
effecting legislation that banned child labor and set
maximum work hours.
– Efforts to Limit work hours
• Progressives succeeded in winning workers
compensation.
Chapter 17 Sect. 1
Reforming Elections
initiative- a bill originated by the people rather
than law makers on the ballot.
referendum- the voters instead of legislators
accept or reject the initiative by referendum (a
vote on the initiative).
Recall- enabled voters to remove public officials
from elected positions by forcing them to face
another election before the end of their term if
enough voters ask for it.
Chapter 17 Sect. 2
• Women Lead Reform
– Women were not allowed to vote or run for
office
– “Social Housekeeping” targeted workplace
reform, housing reform, educational
improvement, and food and drug laws
– Susan B. Anthony
• Leading proponent of women’s suffrage (the right
to vote)
Chapter 17 Sect. 2
• Three Part Strategy for Suffrage
– 1. Convince state legislatures to give women
the right to vote.
– 2. Pursued court cases to test the 14th
amendment.
– 3. Pushed for a national constitutional
amendment to grant women the right to vote.
Chapter 17 Sect. 3
• President Roosevelt
– Serves as vice president to McKinley
– McKinley will be assassinated and Roosevelt will take
his place in 1901 (42 years old)
– His leadership will help create the modern presidency
– Square Deal If big business victimized workers then
he would see to it that the common people received
what he called a square deal. This term was used to
describe the various progressive reforms sponsored
by his administration
Chapter 17 Sect. 3
• President Roosevelt
– Trustbusting
• Trusts controlled about 4/5ths of the industries.
• Roosevelt used the Sherman Antitrust Act to break
up large trusts.
• In 1902 the U.S. Justice department sued Northern
Securities Company which had established a
monopoly over Northwestern railroads.
• By 1904 the Supreme Court dissolved the
company.
• Roosevelt could not stop nor keep up with
businesses merging.
1. What do the lions
stand for?
2. Why are all the
lions coming out of
the door labeled
Wall Street?
3. What do you think
the cartoonist thinks
about trustbusting?
Cite details from the
cartoon to support
your answer.
Chapter 17 Sect. 3
• President Roosevelt
– Coal Strike
• Anthracite Coal Mine Strike
• Set the precedence that the U.S. government
would now intervene
– Railroad Regulation
• Northern Securities v. U.S.
• Roosevelt showed that the U.S. government had
the power to regulate the railroad
Chapter 17 Sect. 3
• President Roosevelt
– Regulating Foods and Drugs
• Meat Inspection Act- dictated strict cleanliness
requirements for meatpackers (1990’s)
• Pure Food and Drug Act- stopped the sale of
contaminated foods and medicines and called for
truth in labeling
– Conservationist
Chapter 17 Sect. 3
• President Roosevelt
– In 1909 the NAACP (National Association for
the Advancement of Colored People) will be
created to find social and economic equality
for African Americans
– The organizations needs found little support
among the Progressives who focused on the
needs of middle class whites
Chapter 17 Sect. 4
• President Taft
– Payne Aldrich Tariff
• House passed the Payne bill which lowered rates
on imported manufactured goods
• The Senate proposed an alternative bill which
made fewer cuts and increased many rates
• President Taft signed the latter and this angered
many progressives
• The Republican Party will split
Chapter 17 Sect. 4
• President Taft
– Progressive Party
•
•
•
•
•
Improved working conditions
More government regulation
Women’s suffrage
End child labor
“Bull Moose Party”
– New President
• With the Republican Party split Democrat
Woodrow Wilson will become President
Chapter 17 Sect. 4
• President Woodrow Wilson- New Freedom
– Federal Reserve Act
• Oversees banking in the U.S.
• Could now control circulation of money
– Clayton Anti-Trust Act
• Made strikes, peaceful picketing, and boycotts legal
– 16th Amendment
• Gave congress the power to collect taxes on the incomes of
businesses and individuals
– 17th Amendment
• Established U.S. senators would be elected directly by the
people