special education is specially
designed instruction that meets the
unusual needs of an exceptional
student.
An exceptional student is an individual
with a disability or with disabilities.
A disabled person defined as someone who has
a physical or mental impairment that has
a substantial and long-term adverse effect
on his or her ability to carry out normal
day-to-day activities.
blindness
physical
disabilities
speech
defects
Deafness
and hard of
hearing
giftedness
Mental retardation
Equality among people is a noble principle which is sought by
human beings in all corners of the globe. In Islam, true
competition is not based on property, race, social status,
wealth, color, sex, or completeness of physical,sensory , or
mental abilities, but, rather, it is based on the piety to God in
word and action..
Islam has ensured for persons with disabilities a
conductive environment which enables them to
achieve their highest aspirations. In Islam, persons
with disabilities are, firstly, human beings, and then
they are secondly, disabled persons who have rights
to enjoy, and have duties to perform as any member
of the community.
The Position of Islam Towards Persons with Disabilities
Nothing can explain the inherent rights of persons with
disabilities in Islam more than when Allah, the Almighty,
blamed His Prophet, Muhammad (peace be upon him)
regarding Abdullah bin Um Maktoum, where Allah, the
Almighty, says:
"(The Prophet) frowned and turned away (1), Because there
came to him a blind man (interrupting) (2), But what could tell
thee but that perchance he might grow (in spiritual
understanding)?(3)Or, that he might receive admonition, and the
teaching might benefit him? (4)." (Holy Qur'an, chapter 80).
Special education is the shared
responsibility of the principal,
regular classroom and special
education teachers, support staff,
the parents, and the student.
Ongoing communication among
these people is particularly
important for the exceptional
pupil.
As exceptional pupils get older, it
is expected that they will become
increasingly accountable for their
own learning. Their success in
achieving a higher level of
independence can be greatly
helped by close cooperation
among all partners.
This refers to schools, centers of learning and educational
systems that are open to ALL children.
It is the act of ensuring that all children despite their
differences, receive the opportunity of being part of
the same classroom as other children of their age.
I
N
C
L
U
S
I
O
N
- Integration
- Networking
- Collaboration
- Living, Learning, Loving
- Utilizing all available resources
- Support an social services
- Implementation of appropriate programs
- Organization of appropriate services
- Non-stop services to all children with
special needs
:
You can recognize children’s strengths and weaknesses and plan your lessons accordingly.
You know how children’s learning can be affected by disabilities and you use teaching
strategies for overcoming these difficulties;
You have confidence in your own abilities as a teacher to plan lessons for individuals and
adapt the curriculum to suit the needs of all children;
You get help and support from colleagues, parents and other professionals, such as
community and health workers.
You believe that all children have the right to education and that all can learn.
Why
Special needs education is important because:
It motivates learners with disabilities.
It enhances their self-esteem.
It makes them less dependent on others.
In an inclusive environment, learners with disabilities are
given chance to interact with other learners, thereby
enhancing their interaction skills and patterns.
Special Education
Strategies
Provide an oral instruction for students with reading disabilities.
Provide learning disabled students with frequent progress checks.
Let them know how well they are progressing toward an
individual or class goal.
Give immediate feedback to learning disabled students. They
need to promptly see the relationship between what was taught
and what was learned.
Whenever possible, provide them with concrete objects and
events—items they can touch, hear, smell, etc
Strategies appropriate for teachers of learning disabled students
Learning disabled students need and should get lots of specific
praise.
When necessary, plan to repeat instructions or offer information
in both written and verbal formats.
Encourage cooperative learning activities when possible.
A talented child is one possessing outstanding abilities
who is capable of above
average performance as indicated by demonstrated
achievement and/or potential ability.
Talented children will display many of the following characteristics:
1-Learning
1- Solve problems on a superior level using different thinking processes.
2- Show a sustained interest in one or more fields.
3- Have power of abstraction and conceptualization.
4-Be verbally proficient and interested in reading.
5-Enjoy complicated games and situations.
6-See relationships and draw sound generalizations.
7-Apply learning to new and different situations.
8-Initiate their own activities.
9-Learn easily and rapidly.
10-Create new ideas and processes.
Talented children will display many of the following characteristics:
2-Personality
A keen sense of humor.
personal sensitivity.
Independence.
compassion for others.
Set high goals and ideals.
perfectionism.
Self disciplined.
Intensity.
Sensitive to values and justice.
moral sensitivity.
Intense concentration span.
unusual curiosity
Analyze themselves and often be self critical
persevering when interested
Response to an assignment
Response to a question
strength
Possible problem
Advanced verbal skills
Talks too much, talks above the heads of
age peers
Critical thinking
Critical of others, perfectionist, sets
unreasonable standards for self and others
Prefers complexity
Resists simple solutions, constructs
complicated rules, bossy
Long attention span
Tunnel vision, resists interruption,
stubborn.
Acquires/retains
information easily
impatient with others, dislikes basic or
repetitive routines exercises.
creating a room that invites inquiry
(pictures, books, areas for music, art).
making a wide range of materials available.
arrange for activity centers for self initiated
projects.
flexible seating arrangements.
offer attractive, lesson related activity options
for students who finish work early.
vary the atmosphere of the room through music as well
as opportunities for creative movement, mime, singing.
http://www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/policyfunding/ocup/documents/speced2002.pdf
References
1- Understanding and Responding to Children’s Needs in Inclusive Classrooms (2001).
Retrieved from http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001243/124394e.pdf.
2- Disabled World News (2009-12-23) - Definitions of Disability a word used in daily
conversations that holds different meanings for different people: http://www.disabledworld.com/definitions/disability-definitions.php#ixzz2EJMk7HZJ
3-Education In The New Millennium(2012).Retrieved from: http://conferences.cluteonline.com/
index.php/IAC/2012RM/paper/view/1344/1369
4-Monthly Spotlight: Special Education. Retrieved from: http://www.peopleseducation.
/com/community/newsletter/June2012
5-Special Education Companion(2012). Retrieved from: http://www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/
policyfunding/ocup/documents/speced2002.pdf
6-Special Needs Education(African Virtual university). Retrieved from:
http://oer.avu.org/bitstream/handle/123456789/157/SPECIAL-NEEDS.pdf?sequence=1
7-Teaching Young Gifted Children in the Regular Classroom(Joan Franklin 2000). Retrieved
from:
http://www.cec.sped.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home&TEMPLATE=/CM/ContentDisp
lay.cfm&CONTENTID=2517
References
8- Almusa ,A (2004). Blindness in Islam. University of Northern Colorado. Retrieved
from: faculty.ksu.edu.sa/.../Blindness%20in%20Islam.doc.
9-Definition of Gifted Education. Retrieved from : http://ehlt.flinders.edu.au/education/
DLiT/2008/GiftedEdWeb/mainpage.htm
10-IN-SERVICE TEACHER EDUCATION ON INCLUSIVE EDUCATION(2008). Retrieved from:
http://depssa.ignou.ac.in/wiki/images/5/5e/CRC-InclusiveEducation.pdf
11-Alquraini, T (2011). Special Education in Saudi Arabia: Challenges, Perspectives, Future
Possibilities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPECIAL EDUCATION. Vol 26 No 2 .