The major structure
bones --------- oss/e, oss/i, oster/o, ost/o
bone marrow --------- myel/o
cartilage --------- chondr/o
ligaments--------- ligament/o
joints --------arthr/o
Function of the skeletal system
1. bones act as the frame work of the body
2. bones support and protect the internal organs
3. calcium is stored in bone
4. red bone marrow is located in the spongy bone
,has an important function in the formation of blood
There are 206 bones in the adult human body, the skeleton is
divided into axial and appendicular skeletal systems.
1) axial skeleton
The axial skeleton (80 bones) protects the major organs of
the nervous , respiratory. And circulatory systems. The axial
skeleton consists of the skull, spinal column, ribs and
sternum.
2) appendicular skeleton
The appendicular skeleton
(126 bones)makes body
movement possible and
also protects the organs
of digestive, excretion,
and reproductive.
Thoracic cavity is made up of the ribs, sternum ,and
thoracic vertebrae.
1)Ribs
-There are 12 pairs of ribs, called costal.
-The first 7 pairs of ribs, called true ribs. Are attached
anteriorly to the sternum
-The next 3 pairs of ribs, called false ribs, are attached
anteriorly to cartilage that joins with the sternum.
-The last 2 pairs of ribs called floating ribs, are not
attached anteriorly.
12 pairs of ribs
6 or 7 pairs of true ribs (5)
3 or 4 pairs of false ribs (6)
2 pairs of floating ribs (7)
4. Sternum
It is divided into three parts:
1. The Manubrium
2. The body of the sternum
3. The xiphoid process
sternum
manubrium (1)
sternal angle (2)
body (3)
xiphoid process (4)
Spinal column:
The spinal column is also known
as the vertebral column which
consists of 26 vertebrae.
The function of the spinal
column are to support the
head and to protect the spinal cord.
The term related to skeletal system:
Arthalgia
Arthrosclerosis
Arthritis
Pain in the joint
Is a stiffness of joint
Is an inflammation of one or more joint
Lumbago
kyphosis
Is low back pain
Is an abnormal increase on the out ward
curvature of the thoracic
is an abnormal increase in the forward
curvature of the lower or lumber spine
Lardosis
Scoliosis
Is an abnormal lateral curvature of spine
Ostealgia
Osteomalacia
osteomylitis
Arthrocentesis
Is any pain within the bone
Is the abnormal softening
Is an inflammation of the bone and bone
marrow
Is an a surgical puncture of the joint
arthroscopy
Is the visual examination of the joint
Kyphosis = is an abnormal increase on the out ward curvature of the
thoracic
Lardosis= is an abnormal increase on the Forward curvature of the lower
or lumber spine
Arthrocentosis= is an a surgical puncture of the joint
Arthroscopy= is the visual examination of the joint