The major structure bones --------- oss/e, oss/i, oster/o, ost/o bone marrow --------- myel/o cartilage --------- chondr/o ligaments--------- ligament/o joints --------arthr/o Function of the skeletal system 1. bones act as the frame work of the body 2. bones support and protect the internal organs 3. calcium is stored in bone 4. red bone marrow is located in the spongy bone ,has an important function in the formation of blood There are 206 bones in the adult human body, the skeleton is divided into axial and appendicular skeletal systems. 1) axial skeleton The axial skeleton (80 bones) protects the major organs of the nervous , respiratory. And circulatory systems. The axial skeleton consists of the skull, spinal column, ribs and sternum. 2) appendicular skeleton The appendicular skeleton (126 bones)makes body movement possible and also protects the organs of digestive, excretion, and reproductive. Thoracic cavity is made up of the ribs, sternum ,and thoracic vertebrae. 1)Ribs -There are 12 pairs of ribs, called costal. -The first 7 pairs of ribs, called true ribs. Are attached anteriorly to the sternum -The next 3 pairs of ribs, called false ribs, are attached anteriorly to cartilage that joins with the sternum. -The last 2 pairs of ribs called floating ribs, are not attached anteriorly. 12 pairs of ribs 6 or 7 pairs of true ribs (5) 3 or 4 pairs of false ribs (6) 2 pairs of floating ribs (7) 4. Sternum It is divided into three parts: 1. The Manubrium 2. The body of the sternum 3. The xiphoid process sternum manubrium (1) sternal angle (2) body (3) xiphoid process (4) Spinal column: The spinal column is also known as the vertebral column which consists of 26 vertebrae. The function of the spinal column are to support the head and to protect the spinal cord. The term related to skeletal system: Arthalgia Arthrosclerosis Arthritis Pain in the joint Is a stiffness of joint Is an inflammation of one or more joint Lumbago kyphosis Is low back pain Is an abnormal increase on the out ward curvature of the thoracic is an abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lower or lumber spine Lardosis Scoliosis Is an abnormal lateral curvature of spine Ostealgia Osteomalacia osteomylitis Arthrocentesis Is any pain within the bone Is the abnormal softening Is an inflammation of the bone and bone marrow Is an a surgical puncture of the joint arthroscopy Is the visual examination of the joint Kyphosis = is an abnormal increase on the out ward curvature of the thoracic Lardosis= is an abnormal increase on the Forward curvature of the lower or lumber spine Arthrocentosis= is an a surgical puncture of the joint Arthroscopy= is the visual examination of the joint