7.5
Neutralization Reactions
SNC 2D1
Mr. Dvorsky
March 30 2011
Yet another type of reaction...
A neutralization reaction occurs when an acid
and a base react to form products that have a
pH closer to 7 than either of the reactants.
• Acids form hydrogen ions in water, and bases
release hydroxide ions.
• When acids and bases are mixed, the two ions
react to form water
Predicting the Products
of Neutralization Reactions
• If we know the reactants of a neutralization
reaction, we can predict the products
AB + CD  AD + CB
For example:
HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq)  H2O (l) + NaCl(aq)
double displacement
This is an example of a
reaction
H2S04 (aq) + 2KOH (aq)  2H20 (l) + K2SO4(aq)
water
salt
(ionic
compound)
-notice that two units or molecules are needed
for each H2S04 molecule
-this makes sense! Each H2S04 can release two
H+ ions into solution, so there are two OH- to
react with
Chemical Spills
• In March 2007 a train hauling 150 000 L of
sulfuric acid derailed in Englehart northern
Ontario.
• The sulfuric acid killed fish, and posed a threat
to both humans and wildlife
• Emergency response crews added calcium
oxide CaO(s) to the river to neutralize the acid
Ca(s) + H2O(l)  Ca(OH)2 (aq)
Ca(OH)2 + H2SO4(aq)  2H2O(l) + CaSO4(aq)
Chemical Spills
In October 2010, a wall holding a pond of toxic
sludge gave way and caused a flood of toxic
sludge.
A large component of the sludge was sodium
hydroxide – very basic.
-the sludge leaked into the
river system.
-acid was used to help
neutralize the sludge
Writing a Science Report
The Introduction
-this section must include a statement of
purpose, a hypothesis, and some background
information.
-in this lab the background information will be
about the law of conservation of mass.
-use present tense
Writing a Science Report
Procedure:
Write “The procedure was followed as per page
228 and 229 of Nelson Science Perspectives 10
with the following changes:”
-list the changes
e.g. We used Hydrogen Chloride [HCl(l)] instead of
Iron (III) Nitrate. We used phenolphthalein as a pH
indicator so that we could detect that the
neutralization reaction had taken place
Materials
-list what is required to conduct the
investigation, omit what we didn’t use and add
what we did.
Observations:
Present all tables whether they support your
prediction or not. Include the class averages.
Conclusions:
One sentence for both Part A and Part B
concluding on the results of the study.
Two sentences discussing whether or not the
results support your hypothesis.
One sentence on sources of error or biases in
the study.
Homework
• Page 281 #1-5