15-16 US History MP2
Day 1 Bellringer
• We have a common assessment today over
the whole MP1. It was district-made, so I
don’t know exactly what is on it. Spend a few
minutes studying your notes.
Review Questions
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What are the 7 principles of gov’t?
What did the Dec of Ind do? The Constitution?
What was the late 1800’s called? Why?
When/why did Americans move West?
What were the problems during the Gilded Age?
How did factories help/hurt America?
What were the goals of the Progressive Era?
Day 2 Bellringer
• Write 2-3 sentences about this headline/cover
and what you think about the story (yes, this
is a real magazine cover, I have not doctored it
in any way).
Sensationalism
• Today, many stories are embellished,
exaggerated, or made up completely.
• Tabloids are the MOST guilty of this, but they
are not the only ones guilty. This is today
called sensationalism (this is also why
murders/fires/etc are covered so often, it sells
papers and gets viewers).
• 100 years ago, this was seen in YELLOW
JOURNALISM - exxagerated or falsified stories,
especially during the turn of the 20th century
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4PK5XvS
xJhU
thumbs up/down
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Cuba was a free nation b/f the war
We owned cuba after the war
We were worried about our coffee bean crop
We fought Mexico in this war
We lost territory
We gained philippines
We gained several places
War took only a few months to fight
Jarrett book p 140
• In your spiral/notebook, complete the graphic
organizer, with 4 pts per box. I will check this,
we will go over it in 30 minutes, then we will
continue with more information.
1-what boat
sinking led to
the Spanish
American War
2-List 3 areas we
got after the SA War
3-Define yellow
journalism
4-What were the
4 causes of
WWI?
5-What do we call
imperialism in
America?
6-What 3 things
led to the US
entering WWI
7-What was Wilson’s
plan after WWI
called
8-Why didn’t the US
gov’t like the
League of Nations
9-What was the
term for the
1920s culturally
10-what did the 18th
and 21st
amendment do
11-what issue was at
the center of the
Scopes Trial
12-What date was
Black Tuesday
13-What country
took blame for
WWI
14-List 4 causes of
the Depression
15-What were FDR’s
3 R’s
16-What are 3 New
Deal agencies we
still have today
17-what was the
geographic crisis
at the same time
18-write out the
Day 13 Bellringer
– question and
answer
19-list 5 new
technologies in
WWI
20-Define New Deal
Now that we had territories
• American Expansion/Imperialism
– Gaining territory/taking over foreign lands
– Needed raw materials for production
– Needed markets to sell products
– Needed naval bases for our military
– Wanted to show our dominance
– Wanted to “spread” our culture and advances
– Alfred T. Mahan, need for Navy, need for islands
A penny grade for your thoughts
• You will write a one page paper telling why
you think it was a good thing or bad thing for
the US to expand/be imperialist. You may
mention the points on the other side, but it
needs to be clear that you have a well thought
opinion as to whether it was good or bad. you
can write with the view of 115 years of history
since the S-A War, but it should focus on those
early points as well.
Day 3 Bellringer
• Why is America the greatest nation in the
world?
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RyzDRc3
4l2g
• As we watch the clip, come up with a list of 5 reasons people would say
we ARE the greatest nation, and 5 reasons people would say we are NOT
Are we the greatest?
• Why yes?
– Accomplishments
– Advances
– Strength
• Why no?
• Problems
• Rac/sex/age/etc/
isms
-too strong
-
100 years ago, we MOS DEF thought
we were the greatest nation, which
made us:
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Spanish American War
Take control of several Pacific islands
Expand trade into China and Japan
“Take the isthmus”
Served as informal protector/police of Latin Am.
– Monroe Doctrine and Roosevelt Corollary – MD says
we will intervene in colonization in the Western
Hemisphere; RC gives us reason to fight in S. America
Quick Facts about Our Imperialism
• Platt Amendment – gave us some influence in
____, said we could intervene there
• Sphere of _________– countries were
unofficially “in” other countries
• Open Door Policy – ___said anyone was free
to trade with _____(how nice of us) – partly
led to ____ Rebellion
• Matthew Perry – opened trade with _____
• ______Canal – needed for faster sea travel
• TR – bold as President, divisive b/c of actions
Quick Facts about Our Imperialism
• Platt Amendment – gave us some influence in
Cuba, said we could intervene there
• Sphere of influence – countries were
unofficially “in” other countries
• Open Door Policy – WE said anyone was free
to trade with China (how nice of us) – partly
led to Boxer Rebellion
• Matthew Perry – opened trade with Japan
• Panama Canal – needed for faster sea travel
• TR – bold as President, divisive b/c of actions
• Sanford Dole – annexed Hawaii
The Canal
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Why in Panama?
Why did we need it?
Who got the land?
How?
What were the challenges with the
construction itself?
Make a work-log
• You are going to create a work log (in your
notes, I will check by walking by), as if you are
the foreman of part of the Panama Canal
meeting.
• This needs to include information about the
work the crews did, the hardships, the
diseases they faced, and the glory of doing
such an amazing thing.
Work log Day 1
• Jan. 18. 1906;
• Today. We started construction on the East end of
the Canal. It is amazing to think that in ten years,
we will have built one of the finest modern
advances in the world.
• Jimmy’s ankle is healing nicely from his break a
few weeks ago. The doctor says he should be able
to be back on it an working in another week or
two.
• Mike is infirmed with the fever, we are trying to
get more medicine and bug nets for the beds, but
there are so many men down here, it is tough to
have supplies for them all.
Day 4 Bellringer
• How do you think the President (not
necessarily Obama, but whoever is President
at any given time) should act in relation to
foreign presidents/kings/leaders?
Common Assessment Update
• I would say grades were bad, but that would
be being generous.
• Grades were REALLY bad, which means 2
things.
– Your averages went down with a bad test grade
– You weren’t prepared for the CA
• Next class, you are going to do “corrections”
to bring the grade up. You will write the
answer as a complete sentence, and then
write a sentence saying WHY.
I TOOK THE ISTHMUS!
• Roosevelt was BOLD, and people either love or
hate him for that.
• Presidents today (in either party) do not act
like this, which is good and bad.
Compare the 3
• Draw a “t” chart, but with three sections. For
each President (TR, Taft, Wilson), include the
NAME of their foreign policy, the RATIONALE
of it, and their GOALS. Also, include how well
it worked.
• TR – Big Stick Diplomacy – “speak softly but
carry a big stick.” The idea was that with a
giant military (?), no one would dare mess
with us. Goal was to dominate. Worked, but
we were not well liked.
• Taft – Dollar Diplomacy – “substituting bullets
for dollars.” Idea was that we could use money
to influence areas. Goal was not to be a bully.
Didn’t work near as well, and was costly.
• Wilson – Moral Diplomacy – “countries will do
what is right b/c it is right.” Idea was for us to
be an example for others. Goal was for greater
peace. Wasn’t able to follow through.
Open NOTE Test
• Clear phones, books, purses, etc. from your
desk.
• You may use YOUR notes (this would include
the various charts, etc we have done the past
several class days).
• Do NOT talk, do not look around the room, do
not get your phone out.
Day 5 Bellringer
• What did we call imperialism in the US?
• Chp 9 test
Day 6 Bellringer
• List 3 different reasons wars have started that
you know of (at any point in history)…this
does not have to be only in the US
Draw this Chart – for each thing on the
next slide, put it in the correct column
Cause of WWI
Reason for US Entry into WWI
Imperialism
Alliance
Economic
system
Rivalries
Nationalism
Militarism
Zimmerman
Note
Unrestricted
Sub Warfare
Germany
Declares
War
American
Neutrality
Sussex
Pledge
Lusitania
Assassination
of AFF
France
Turks/Ottomans
Great Britain
Russia
Germany
Serbia
Assassination
Archduke
Franz Ferdinand
Austria-Hungary
Imperialism
Alliance
Economic
system
Rivalries
Nationalism
Militarism
Zimmerman
Note
Unrestricted
Sub Warfare
Germany
Declares
War
American
Neutrality
Sussex
Pledge
Lusitania
Assassination
of AFF
Draw this Chart – for each thing on the
next slide, put it in the correct column
and define
Cause of WWI
Reason for US Entry into WWI
American
Imperialism
Neutrality
Germany
Alliance
Sussex
Declares
system
Pledge
War
Unrestricted
Nationalism
Sub Warfare
Assassination
Lusitania
of AFF
Economic
Zimmerman
Militarism
Rivalries
Note
2. The United States Declares War
German submarine warfare helped
push the United States into World War I
Wilson had declared neutrality, but we were
eventually pulled into the war
German U-Boats
• Terrifying new weapon that changed the rules
of naval warfare.
• Americans thought it was unfair.
• British encouraged anti-German feelings.
1915: Sinking of the Lusitania
• British Ship
• Lots of American lives lost
Sussex Pledge
• Sussex (French ship) is torpedoed
• The Germans promised that they would begin
warning ships before attacking (Sussex
Pledge), then broke the pledge
“…….unless the Imperial German Government should now immediately
declare and effect an abandonment of its present methods of warfare against
passenger and freight carrying vessels this Government can have no choice
but to sever diplomatic relations with the Government of the German Empire
altogether.”
Woodrow Wilson, 1916
Zimmerman Note
Germany approaches Mexico to make war against U.S.
The Russian Revolution
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1917
Russian Czar Nicholas II is overthrown
Revolution begins
Russia pulls out of World War I
A void is created and it is apparent that the
U.S. must step up to fill their place
We were “neutral,” right?
• You are going to write a half page based on
the question at the bottom of page 159.
Day 7 Bellringer
• How has the war in the Middle East over the
last decade plus been fought (describe the
war itself)?
Review last class’s info
April 2, 1917: War Declaration
• “It is a fearful thing to lead this great peaceful
people into war, the most terrible and
disastrous of all wars, civilization itself
seeming to be in the balance. But the right is
more precious than peace.” (W.Wilson)
Preparing for War
• Initial involvement
– Naval support
– Led by John J. Pershing
– Supplies
– Arms
– $3 in loans
– 14,500 men
Draftees and Volunteers
• Congress passed a Selective Service Act in
May, 1917
• By November 24 million men had registered
for the draft
• American Expeditionary Force (AEF)
with 3 million servicemen
Led by John J. Pershing
New Technologies
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PK-6QKc-r9o
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Machine Guns
Artillery Shell
Poison Gas
Tanks
Zeppelins
Planes
Trench Warfare
Submarines
New Technologies
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Machine Guns – bang times a lot, and quickly
Artillery Shell – bang but bigger
Poison Gas – oh no, I can’t breath
Tanks – rumble rumble
Zeppelins – like a blimp, but cooler looking
Planes – like really slow, ineffective planes, and
no movies or free soda during the flight
• Trench Warfare – dig a ditch, hide in the ditch,
but whatever you do – DON’T LEAVE the ditch
• Submarines – yeah yeah yeah, so Germany did
ONE good thing in its history
New Technologies
• For each of the new technologies, write a
definition, how it helped in the war, and what
was bad about it
• (ie) machine guns – gun that shoots multiple
rounds per second without reloading; helps by
letting troops defend against attack; bad b/c it
can kill lots of people quickly and leads to
stalemate
• Words: machine guns; artillery shells; poison
gas; tanks; zeppelins; planes; trenches; subs
New Technologies
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Machine Guns
Artillery Shell
Poison Gas
Tanks
Zeppelins
Planes
Trench Warfare
Submarines
• (ie) machine guns – gun that shoots multiple rounds per second
without reloading; helps by letting troops defend against attack;
bad b/c it can kill lots of people quickly and leads to stalemate
• Artillery Shell – large canon like gun that shoots large rounds a long
distance; helps by clearing fields between trenches; bad b/c it leads
to stalemate
• Poison Gas – chemical weapon that kills or stuns enemy; helps by
weakening the other side; bad b/c gas masks weren’t great yet, and
because it leads to ???
• Tanks – tanks; good b/c gives protection from heavy rounds; bad
b/c slow moving, not greatly manuverable, leads to !!!
• Zeppelins – like blimps with weapons; good because there weren’t
many things to attack; bad b/c slow, airplanes eventually made
them obsolete
• Planes – slower, not as good as today’s planes; did recon, some
attacking; bad b/c they were new and not well equipped
• Trench Warfare – ditches where soldiers would wait to attack;
helped by offering defense from attack; bad b/c it was hard to leave
the trenches
• Submarines - the best thing to come out of germany since david
hasselhoff…but really – boats that go underwater; good b/c they
could sneak attack; bad b/c they were controversial
All of this leads to…
• Stalemate – neither side could gain an
advantage during WWI
• b/f America gets involved, the European
powers spend several years without any real
advances
• Russia is just leaving, so Germany starts to
gain momentum as…
Remember the “why is America the
Greatest” clip?
THIS IS WHY!!!
• By April, 1917, U-Boats had sunk more than 400 Allied
and neutral ships
• We used the CONVOY SYSTEM to transport
troops overseas safely.
Once in Europe
• Gen. Pershing kept American troops
independent of Allied forces.
• Feared Allies were too used to defensive
fighting.
Americans Turn the Tide of the War
• By November, 1918, the war was over.
• Armistice signed on November 11.
African Americans in World War I
• 369th Infantry
Regiment
• All Black
• Harlem Hell Fighters
• Fought for the French
• All received honors
from French
government.
Influenza Epidemic
• Brought to Europe by American troops
• Killed more Europeans than the war.
Results of World War I
• 50,000 American soldiers died in battle
• Many more die of disease
• Losses by the Europeans were much more (8
million)
• Sick and wounded outnumbered the dead
• Millions of civilians died in years after war.
Key Battles/Events
• Sussex Pledge/Unrestricted Sub Warfare
• AEF – Led by Pershing, awesome force
• Battle of Argonne Forest – was supposed to be
Germany’s unbeatable spot, WE WON
• Treaty of Versailles – signed Nov 1918
Using your noggin’
• Using the little info in the books, as well as
looking up online, you are going to write a
newspaper story about the Battle of Argonne.
This is to see the content, but also to see the
writing ability/skill you should have. You need
to write formally, and make sure to include
the 5 w’s.
Day 8 Bellringer
• Describe the attitude towards the military, and
the attitude towards people in the military in
the US right now.
• YOU WILL HAVE A TEST ON CHP 8 AND 9 TWO
CLASSES FROM NOW
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Talk about attitudes of each b/f doing t-chart
Review last two classes’ info
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Start
US
New weapons
Weapons led to
What killed the most
Key battle
To be (involved) or Not to be (involved)
• You will make a t-chart comparing the
attitudes of neutrality vs involvement in WWI.
You need 4 on each side.
4. Americans on the Home Front
• Americans and their government took
extraordinary steps at home to support the
war effort.
• Many women worked in wartime facilities
Financing the War
• War Bonds – like a loan to the
government they used to pay for
the war
Managing the Economy
• Government called on businesses to switch
from producing commercial goods to war
goods
• Wilson set up a huge bureaucracy to manage
the process
• War Industries Board (Bernard Baruch)
supervised the effort.
Enforcing Loyalty
• Committee on Public Information (George
Creel)
– Rally popular support for the war
– Films, pamphlets, posters
Fear of Foreigners
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Rebirth of Nativist Feelings
Fear of Spies
Even took away rights like free speech
Schenck vs US – no free speech when it causes
“clear and present danger”
• Also little things that are silly almost
– “Hate the Hun”
– German measles = liberty measles
– Hamburger = Salisbury steak
– German shepherds = police dogs
thumbs
Poster Assn
• You are going to make a poster similar to what
we just saw, but based on our current/recent
wars with Afghanistan and Iraq.
• The point is to show that you understand the
ideas of the gov’t “propaganda” we saw in
WWI and WWII aimed at getting people on
board with the war efforts.
• Needs to be a full page. Needs to obviously
take you some time.
• Should have between 5-20 words.
• Should have a clear message/theme.
Day 9 Bellringer
• Whose fault was WWI?
• You will have a test next class over chp 8 and 9
5. Global Peacemaker
• When the fighting ended in Europe, President
Wilson pressed for a treaty that would bring
peace to the postwar world
Wilson’s Plan
• Fourteen Points
– Point 1: End all secret treaties
– 2-13 dealt with a number of issues
• Removal of trade barriers
• Reduction of military forces
• Right of ethnic groups to self-determination
– Point 14: The formation of a League of Nations
that would provide a forum to settle international
disputes.
Paris Peace Conference
• Big Four
– United States: Woodrow Wilson
– Great Britain: David Lloyd George
– France: Georges Clemenceau
– Italy: Vittorio Orlando
• Wilson was forced to compromise on many of
his ideas
League of Nations
• Wilson did convince the other countries of the
importance of the League of Nations
• Proposal included a clause that said an attack
on one country was an attack on all.
• Majority of the Senate was opposed.
Wilson Faces Stiff Opposition at Home
Supporting the League
Opposing the League
Wilson Faces Stiff Opposition at Home
• Senator Henry Cabot Lodge is leader of
opposition
• Congress feels that to sign treaty would
compromise U.S. power
• The U.S. does not accept the treaty
Wilson Returns to Paris
• Without support of Congress his position is
weakened
• France takes advantage of this to impose
harsh penalties on Germany
• The map of Europe is redrawn
• Germany is forced to accept war guilt and to
pay reparations.
Versailles Treaty
• Germany refused to sign
• Gave in when threatened with French invasion
Rewrite the Treaty
• We know that the Treaty of Versailles did not
do a great job of establishing long-term world
peace (thus WWII).
• so, you are going to be rewriting the treaty.
– It needs to be a one page document.
– Needs to make sense for the time (so don’t
include that presidents should just insta-chat)
– Needs to address issues with the real Treaty.
Day 10 Bellringer
• Test day – answer the following without
looking at your notes
– What single event started WWI?
– What were the four MAIN causes of the war?
– Who was our general in the war?
– What country took the blame for the war?
review
Day 11 Bellringer
• If Americans almost unanimously agreed that
Obama was doing a great job, which PARTY
would win the Presidential election next year?
A Republican Decade
• Republican administrations of the 1920s
pursued pro-business economic policies and
an isolationist foreign policy.
Warren G. Harding
Herbert Hoover
Focus of the Republicans
• Relax on enforcing antitrust laws
• High tariffs (make foreign goods cost more)
• Lower taxes on the wealthy/businesses
• People made lots of money, though some of it
was done in ways that would become
problematic
• Complete chart on p 179 in Jarrett – with 3
points for each box
Five minute lesson on controversy in
1920’s
• America was in a period of change (more on
that to come)
– Traditional ideas vs modern learning
– Old cultural themes vs new technologies
– Vices
Teaching through Debate
• You are going to be in a group that will debate
about one of three topics. Your group will split
up and write the points for BOTH sides – the
point is not to “win” the argument, but to
show the ideas of each side of your topic.
• Grades will be based on group work AND
individual sharing in the debate portion.
• Topics: Prohibition, Scopes Trial, Immigration
Restriction
Prohibition Amendment
• Took effect on January 16, 1920
• Outlawed the manufacture, distribution and
sale of alcoholic beverages.
• Goals:
– Eliminate drunkenness
– Get rid of saloons
– Prevent absenteeism on the job
Volstead Act, 1919
• Provide a system for enforcing the
amendment
• Was widely ignored especially in big cities
– Kansas reported 95% compliance
– New Yorkers complied at 5%
• Sharpened the contrast between urban and
rural values
Ways to Avoid Compliance
• Bootlegging: Suppliers of illegal alcohol.
• Speakeasies: Illegal bars that required
membership to enter. Usually disguised as
another business.
Organized Crime
• Unexpected outcome of Prohibition was the
rise of organized crime (Mafia)
• Al Capone, leader
Day 12 Bellringer
• List your favorite of each:
– Movie
– Song
– Book/Written work of literature
Society in the 1920s
• The 1920s were a time of rapid social change,
in which many young people, particularly
young women, adopted new lifestyles and
attitudes. As its rural population decreased,
the United States became an urban nation,
and traditional values were increasingly
challenged
Following World War I
• Many young people returned to the U.S.
bearing the scars of the war: shell shock,
permanent injury, and the effects of poison
gas.
• Many Americans were disillusioned with
American society
The Flapper
• Came to symbolize this revolution
– Rebellious
– Energetic
– Fun-loving
– Bold
• Helped to create
what we see as
modern America
The Flapper Image
• Hemlines rose higher (Average amount of
fabric used to make a woman’s outfit shrank
from 19.5 yards to 7 yards)
• Cut their hair short
• Gave up wide brimmed hats for close-fitting
styles
• Wore heavy make-up
• Drank and smoked
Women’s Changing Roles
• Number of women in the work force was
continuing to grow
• Nineteenth Amendment gave women the
right to vote
• Eager for greater equality with men
• Without meaning to the flapper brought
women closer to their goal
Political Situation
• With the exception of the ability to vote,
women’s political status changed little
• Relatively few women voted at all
• Voted in patterns similar to men’s
Americans on the Move
• Demographic changes
• Urban growth and rural decline
• Results
– Public high school attendance grows
– Loss of traditional values
The Great Migration
• African American Migrations, 1890 - 1920
Demographics
• 1860
– 93% of African Americans live in the South
• 1910
– 89% live in the South
• 1930
– 80% live in the South
Harlem Renaissance
• Harlem became the cultural center of the
United States
• Population:
– 1914: 50,000
– 1930: 200,000
• Not just jazz
• But also for literature
American Heroes
• Hungry for the early values, many Americans
turned to heroes to recapture that feeling
– Charles Lindberg
– Amelia Earhart
– Jack Dempsey
– Jim Thorpe
– Babe Ruth
– Gertrude Ederle
Day 13 Bellringer
• Describe the mutual benefits of Netflix and
Smartphones.
Mass Media and the Jazz Age
• In the 1920s, the mass media provided
information and entertainment as never before.
The decade was an especially creative period
for music, art, and literature.
Mass Media
• Development of a national media instead of a
regional culture
– Movies
• Silent
• The Jazz Singer
• First talking picture
– Greta Garbo
– Charlie Chaplin
– Lillian Gish
• More people could read so_____
Radio
• 1920
– KDKA
– Pittsburgh
• 1922
– 500 stations
The Jazz Age
• Grew out of African American music of the
South
• Some were horrified
– Syncopated rhythms and improvisations were too
suggestive and free
• Harlem
– Jazz Clubs
– Dance Halls
NAACP
• Attempts to pass anti-lynching legislation
• Worked to protect voting rights
• African Americans still could not exercise their
full political rights
Day 14 Bellringer
• What are three industries that developed
AFTER the development of the cell phone?
Prosperity in the 1920’s
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More automobiles – available for middle class
Henry Ford – assembly line for cars
Other inventions also created
People wanted to buy stuff that was new
• Complete chart on p 183, have 3 points for
each box
What if you can’t afford it?
• Buying on credit – people would purchase
things using an installment plan
• Once they did it once, they would do it again,
leads to an eventual problem
• Speculation – buying with the hopes of selling
at a higher price…people did this with real
estate and stocks in the 1920’s
• Answer questions on page 183 – half page
EACH
Potential Problems
• What could be some problems with things
people were doing in the 1920’s
Issues from 20’s - Depression
• OVERproduction
• FAILED speculation
• TOO MUCH credit
• These things combined to create
Day 15 Bellringer
• What caused the economic issues of the mid
2000’s?