th
7
Grade Health
Skeletal 2
Overview of Bones
An adult skeleton is
made up of 206
bones.
Bones serve the following functions
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Supporting framework of the body
Provide for muscle attachment
Protect internal organs
Storehouse for essential minerals
Centers for production of blood
cells
Composition of bone tissue
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Living Cells
Hard Mineral
Matter
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calcium
phosphorus
Structure of Bones
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Joint – point at which two bones meet
Periosteum – a tough living membrane
that covers all of the bone.
Articular Cartilage – a form of
permanent cartilage covering the ends
of the bone
Spongy Bone – bone tissue near the
joints, has the ability to absorb shock,
produces RBC and WBC
Structure of Bones (con’t)
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Medullary Canal – found at the center of
the shaft, filled with bone marrow
Bone Marrow- tissue found in the center
of large bones. It is the place where new
blood cells are produced. (Some stem
cells located here)
Growth Plate - located on the long bones
of young people. These plates are areas
of growing tissue near the end of the
bones.
First Question
You are participating in a race. You
overtake the second person. What
position are you in?
Answer: If you answered that you are first,
then you are absolutely wrong! If you overtake
the second person and you take his place, you
are second!
Second Question
If you overtake the last person, then you are...?
Answer: If you answered that you are second
to last, then you are wrong again. Tell me, how
can you overtake the LAST Person?
Work independently
and fill out the
“Skeleton in the Closet”
worksheet
Structure of Bones (con’t)
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Ossification – as bones grow older,
cartilage cells are replaced by bone
Osteoporosis – a weakening or
deterioration of the bone.
Permanent Cartilage
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outer ear
end of nose
larynx (voice box)
rings of trachea (wind pipe)
rib cage
disks between vertebrae
disks that cushion legs, bones and
knee joint
Building Bone Tissue
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Conditions necessary for growth and
hardening of bones:
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1. adequate supply of minerals; calcium and
phosphate
2. exercise to stress bones and encourage
growth
3.sufficient rest to allow bones to regenerate
Bones store the body’s supply of calcium
and phosphorus
Bones become stronger with use.
Interesting Bone Facts
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The human hand has 27 bones; your face
has 14!
The longest bone in your body? Your thigh
bone, the femur -- it's about 1/4 of your
height. The smallest is the stirrup bone in
the ear which can measure 1/10 of an inch.
Did you know that humans and giraffes
have the same number of bones in their
necks? Giraffe neck vertebrae are just
much, much longer!
You have over 230 moveable and semimoveable joints in your body.
Anatomy of a Bone
Anatomy of a Bone
Articular Cartilage
Spongy Bone
Growth Plate
Medullary Canal
Periosteum
Spongy Bone
Growth Plate
Articular Cartilage