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Study Guide for Chapter 14 and 15 Test
Make use of the worksheets from the past three day and your book to help you go through this study guide. Please complete this
and all three work sheets to turn in on Friday 12/20 before your test. If you missed a day make sure to go to my website to print
out missing worksheets and to view the powerpoint presentations that follow along with the worksheets.
Holiday classroom supply drive: You may also bring in one of the following items to allow for make-up of one missing
assignment (this does not include missing test or quiz). If you have zero missing assignments if can count towards extra credit.
Must be turned in before the week of semester exams (before January 13th). Items: Clorox wipes, hand sanitizer (pump bottle),
box of tissues, box of crayons, box of colored pencils, paper towel roll, box of #2 pencils, bag of candy (for reward and review
games), package of construction paper or package of plain white paper
Vocabulary for chapter 14 and 15
Fossil, paleontologist, relative dating, half-life, geologic time scale, epoch, period, era, eon, cabrian
explosion, K-T boundary, plate tectonics, spontaneous generation, theory of biogenesis, endosymbiont
theory, artificial selection, natural selection, evolution, derived trait, ancestral trait, homologous
structure, vestigial structure, analogous structure, embryo, biogeography, fitness, camouflage, mimicry,
genetic drift, founder effect, bottleneck, stabilizing selection, directional selection, disruptive selection,
sexual selection, and sexual dimorphism
What term best matches following definitions
Old idea that life arises from nonlife
Amount of time it take for half of an original isotope to decay
Describes the movement of several large plates that make up the surface of Earth
A time period when most major animal groups diversified
Cumulative change in groups of organisms through time
States that younger layers of rock are on top of older layers
Newly evolved traits
An early, pre-birth stage of an organism’s development
Population declines to a very low number and then rebounds
As a result of humans selectively breeding for desirable traits we have domesticated animals, modern
crops and many breeds of dogs today. What type of process explains this?
When there is a struggle to survive in nature the organism with the best suited traits for that enviroment
will survive and reproduce. This explains the process of
More primitive traits that do appear in the fossils of common ancestors
In order from largest to smallest, the units of geological time scale are:
Allows organisms to become almost invisible to predators
One species evolves to resemble another species
When there is a difference in phenotypic appearance between males and female of a species like
coloration, size, ornamentation or behavior
What are the basic principle in the theory of natural selection?
What is most recent Era?
Have humans always been the dominant species on the planet?
The first living organism on the planet was
.
Which era did mammals first appear?
What era is divided into three periods: Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous
Autotrophic prokaryotes enrich the atmosphere with oxygen during what time?
Time when the dinosaurs and other reptiles dominated the land
Time when primates evolve and diversify
A scientist who studies fossils
Using the decay of radioactive isotopes to measure the age of rocks
Nearly all fossils are formed in
rocks.
Only living organisms can produce other living organisms is what theory?
Prokaryotic cells were involved in the formation of eukaryotic cells, what theory?
Redi’s experiments dealing with rotten meat and flies helped to disprove
showing that life does not come from nonlife
show that the species on Earth have changed over time
If an animal has a trait that makes it physically weak, but increases the number of viable offspring it
produces, would we consider this trait to have increased the animal’s level of fitness?
Bird wings and butterfly wings have the same function but different structures this is an example of
Anatomically similar structures inherited from common ancestor
A body structure that is no longer used for its original function, which now is reduced in size like the
pelvic bone of a whale