Joanna Manthey
Just to clarify…
Background Check…
Sanford Ballard Dole was born on April 23, 1844 on Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands.
His parents were Protestant missionaries from New England.
Grew up on Oahu and Kauai, attending his father’s missionary school.
The Doles were part of the “elite” group of outsiders on the islands that greatly
influenced the local politics.
Attended Williams College in Williamsburg, Massachusetts for one year.
Spent a year in a Boston law office, admitted to the Massachusetts Bar in 1868.
Returned to Hawaii in 1868 to practice law there. Had a great concern for
community issues.
Married Anna P. Cate of Maine in 1873.
Served as an attorney and a friend to King David Kalakaua.
Sought to westernize Hawaiian society and culture.
Bayonet Constitution
Dole was part of a revolution in Hawaii in 1887.
He led local businessmen, sugar planters, and politicians against King Kalakaua
They were backed by the Honolulu Rifles, a strong missionary-based political group of
the time.
They forced the adoption of the constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii, written by
Minister of the Interior Lorrin A. Thurston.
“Bayonet” Constitution:
•removed the voting rights of Asians
•set up income and wealth requirements for voting, causing power to rest on
the rich elite Native Hawaiians, European & American subjects of the islands.
It also minimized the power held by the monarch, favoring government of the royal
cabinet, called the Privy Council.
The Committee of Safety
This was a 13-member council that was head of the Hawaiian League (also
known as the Annexation Club).
Made up of American Hawaiian and European Hawaiian citizens, including
Dole. All were members of the Missionary Party.
This committee planned and carried out the overthrow of 1893.
Their main goal was to achieve annexation of Hawaii to the United States.
Not until 1898 was Hawaii made into a U.S. territory.
Members of the Committee of Safety,
one day before their overthrow.
L to R: James A. King, Sanford B. Dole,
William O. Smith and Peter C. Jones
End of Monarchy
January of 1893 – Dole reluctantly led a coup to completely overthrow the
monarchy, now headed by King Kalakaua’s sister, Queen Lili’uokalani.
The provisional government was set up with Dole as the president.
Within 48 hours, all countries that had diplomatic ties with the former Kingdom of
Hawaii had recognized its provisional government.
They hoped for annexation to the United States, but Grover Cleveland’s election
as president caused those plans to be put on hold.
It was rumored that Queen Lili’uokalani demanded capitol punishment for the
revolutionaries. Later in her book, Hawaii’s Story by Hawaii’s Queen, she wrote
that she had never demanded that.
The Provisional government refused to reinstate Queen Lili’uokalani to the
throne.
They held a constitutional convention and on July 4, 1894, created the Republic
of Hawaii.
President
Dole was the first and only president of Hawaii.
Served from 1894-1900
There were several failed attempts at restoring the monarchy.
Dole was a highly successful diplomat.
Governor
McKinley made Dole the territorial governor of Hawaii after
it was annexed.
Started in 1900, resigned in 1903.
Judge
Accepted position as U.S. District Court judge.
Served there until 1915.
Sanford Ballard Dole died on
April 9, 1923. He suffered from a
series of strokes.
His cremated remains were laid to
rest in Kawaiahao Church
Cemetery, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Works Cited
Honolulu Star-Bulletin Local News." Hawaii Archives - Honolulu Star-Bulletin Archives Starbulletin.com - archives.starbulletin.com. Web. 18 Feb. 2010.
<http://archives.starbulletin.com/1999/09/22/news/story5.html>.
“Sanford Ballard Dole (president of the Republic of Hawaii) -- Britannica Online
Encyclopedia." Encyclopedia - Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Web. 21 Feb. 2010.
<http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/168157/Sanford-Ballard-Dole>.
"Sanford B. Dole: Biography from Answers.com." Answers.com: Wiki Q&A combined
with free online dictionary, thesaurus, and encyclopedias. Web. 18 Feb. 2010.
<http://www.answers.com/topic/sanford-b-dole>.
"Sanford B. Dole." Ask.com Search Engine - Better Web Search. Web. 21 Feb. 2010.
<http://www.ask.com/wiki/Sanford_B._Dole>.