JUSTINIAN, MUHAMMAD,
AND THE EAST
Week Seven
graph/gram = write
photograph
autograph
phonograph
tele = far
telescope
television
telephone
JUSTINIAN, MUHAMMAD,
AND THE EAST
Week Seven
I. The Great Mosque of Damascus
II. The Byzantines
A. Justinian and the
Creation of the
Byzantine State




An all-powerful
emperor tries to bring
it back together
Re-conquest of
territory
Justinian Code
Problem of high taxes
Justinian Code
The Byzantine Empire under Justinian
The Byzantine Empire in 814
II. The Byzantines
B. Orthodox Christianity
 Liturgy
 Icons
 Hagia
Sophia
 Conversion of the Slavs
 Bulwark of Christian Europe
Hagia Sophia
Eastern Orthodox chant
phone = sound
megaphone
symphony
telephone
milli = thousand
millipede
mile
millimeter
III. Muhammad and the Rise of Islam
A. Arabia before
the Prophet


Bedouin nomads:
clan survival and
the feud
Tribal religion:
polytheism and
sanctuaries
III. Muhammad and the Rise of Islam
B. Muhammad the Prophet
 Born
in 570 into the
Quraysh around the
Arabian city of Mecca
 Merchant
 Prophet
III. Muhammad and the Rise of Islam
C. Tenets of Islam
 Teachings
 Five
in the Qur’an
Pillars: Faith, prayer,
alms-giving, fasting,
pilgrimage
 Other practices: no
alcohol, only limited
polygamy, jihad
dece = ten
decagon
decathlon
decapede
sci = know
conscience
omniscient
science
III. Muhammad and the Rise of Islam
D. Triumph of Islam
 Early
opposition
 Medina: the uniting of
Arabs into a new
religious community, the
umma
 Expansion: jihad against
infidels
 Attraction: economic
incentives and the
afterlife
Emigration to Medina
III. Muhammad and the Rise of Islam
E. After Muhammad
 Death
and succession
 Division
 Sunni
 Shia
 Expansion
to
Constantinople, China,
Spain, and Africa
The Spread of Islam
III. Muhammad and the Rise of Islam
F. Pax Arabica
1. Commercial prosperity
2. Cultural prosperity



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Philosophy—Ibn Rushd
Medicine—Ibn Sina
Mathematics
Architecture—Alhambra
Ibn Rushd
Alhambra in Granada, Spain
Alhambra
Epilogue
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
Shared traits of East
and West
Internal divisions