Standards and Protocols
Unit 6, Chapter 12
LAN Installation & Operation
Objectives
Describe the installation and operation of a LAN.
Describe the necessary management criteria to deploy a
LAN.
Identify the factors that affect a LAN’s performance.
Explain why LANs have distance limitations.
List the major components of a home network.
Describe the functions of a NOS.
Describe the security implications when installing a
wireless network.
What makes a good network?
Meets client’s needs?
Neat, fast, cost-effective
Manageable, easy on the backend
Documented!
LAN Selection Criteria
What items do we need to consider for our network?
– Pg 320
What economics are associated with our network?
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Pg 321
What are hardware costs?
What are software costs?
What are immediate or upfront costs?
What are recurring costs?
How do we install a LAN?
Pg 324
LAN Installation
Installation of Equipment
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NICs
Wiring/Cabling
Server Hardware & Software
Bridges,Routers,Switches,Gateways,UPS
User Access Requirements (power)
Document LAN installation
– Drawings
– Settings
– IP Address usage
Training Users & Admins
Start usage
Maintain & Fine Tune
Which network technology do we
pick?
Comparison of Ethernet Technologies
LAN Considerations
Protocol:
– CSM/CD, Token Ring
Medium:
– Coaxial cable and fiber optic cables are more noise-resistant mediums.
– Error rates
Speed:
– Common LAN speeds for PC’s are 1, 2.5, 4, 10, 16, 20 and 100 Mbps.
– Trend is for higher speeds so can transmission greater volumes of data.
Distance:
– Distance in LAN is measured in wiring length.
– Most microcomputer LANs range from few 100’s m to several 1000’s m
Applications:
– Application Program Interfaces (APIs) are used to interface with
networks.
– Some software is not LAN compatible.
LAN Considerations
LAN Software and Hardware:
– Selecting software & hardware that is compatible with existing equipment.
– Speed of the equipment
Expandability:
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Adding workstations or more workstations from one location to another.
Ease of expandability depends on medium installed.
Adding nodes is more difficult for fiber optic cables than for twisted-pair wires or coaxial
cables.
Remote Access
Vendor and Support:
– You can be more successful with a good vendor, and a less capable LAN than
with a poor vendor and a superior LAN.
– Vendor speed of resolving problems, obtaining needed equipment, etc. are factors
of consideration in LAN operations.
Manageability:
– Do not underestimate the time and effort required to operate & manage a LAN.
– LAN Management Tasks are listed in Table 9-4 on page 260.
Security:
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LAN software must have ability to control access to data, unlike stand-alone microcomputer
systems which are usually single-server systems.
Network Management:
Organization & management
Physical Safeguards
Documentation
Change Control
Hardware & Software Backup
Access to Network Facilities
Network Application Standards
Network Performance Monitoring
Disaster Planning & Recovery
Disaster Recovery:
Planning
Off-Site and on site backups
UPS on critical systems
Inventory of spare components
Secure and monitor all equipment
Restrict Access to sensitive equipment
Use fiber for external building-to-building
connections rather than copper
LAN Software
Workstation Software Considerations
– APIs/Netbios
Microsoft Server
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NT
Windows Server 2000
Windows Server 2003
Windows Server 2008
UNIX (HP, Solaris, IBM)
LINUX
Novell
LAN Security
LAN Security should be built in from the starts
Password rules (length & characters)
Remote access consideration
Encryption implementation
Backups & restores, off-site storage
Policies
– User
– Admins
– Remote access VPNs
Home Networks
Peer – to –Peer
Ethernet
Wireless
Phone Line Networks
– Multiple computers share one internet connection
Power Line Networks
Faster speeds saw a spike in broadband users
Many reasons to have a home network, but easy
installation is the largest reason.
Network Management
Design & Implementation
Develop the statement of requirements
Investigate Alternatives
Network Design
Select Equipment & Vendors
Prepare for Implementation
Implementation
Cutover
Network Management
Requirements & Alternatives
Develop the statement of requirements
– Ensure that the network engineer understands
requirements
– Work closely with management and users
– Obtain concurrence
Investigate Alternatives
– Ask Questions , research methods to meet
requirements
Network Management
Network Design & Selection of Vendors
Network Design
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Modeling
Simulation
Star, Ring , fully meshed
Expected Traffic Flow
Select Equipment & Vendors
– Use information obtained
– Request for Proposals
– Calculation of costs & benefits
Network Management
Preparation for
Implementation/Implementation
Preparation for Implementation
– Develop project plan
– Obtain approval from management
– Communication to users
Implementation
– Installation
• Stress testing
• Work Load Generators
• Cable and wiring labeling
– Training
Network Management
Cutover
Startup of new or upgraded network
Testing each and every function
– Use pre-defined test scripts
Increased staffing to support cut over
Changes made must be documented
Post Installation Audit of implementation
Review Questions
1. The client software called NetBIOS, which stands
for Network Basic Input-Output Systems, operates
at both layer 2 (the data link layer) and layer
_______ (the session control layer) of the OSI
model.
a. 3
b. 4
c. 5
d. 7
Review Questions
2. More and more families are creating home
networks to ______________.
a. avoid the high cost of ISPs
b. share a high-speed Internet connection
c. practice their networking skills
d. ensure greater network security
Review Questions
3. One of the most important prerequisites for home
networking is _____________.
a. thorough knowledge of networking
b. an MSCE certification
c. broadband cable access
d. ease of installation
Review Questions
4. Which of the following is not a phase of network
design as described in the text?
a. developing the statement of requirements
b. investigating alternatives
c. network design
d. implementation
Review Questions
5. Management approval of a technical project is
normally required _____.
a. at the beginning of the project
b. at the end of most phases of the network design
process
c. after the network is installed and they can see how it is
operating
d. only under exceptional circumstances
Review Questions
6. IPsec is used in which of the following?
a. SPOOLing
b. VPNs
c. MVS
d. PDNA
Review Questions
7. Attenuation is ________________.
a. the increase of signal strength by a factor of ten
b. only an issue on digital circuits
c. the weakening of a signal over a distance
d. only an issue on circuits provided by ATT
Review Questions
8. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Network cabling is often more expensive than
the cost of the labor necessary to install it.
b. It is best to install cabling with just enough
capacity to meet today’s requirements.
c. Cabling does not need to be labeled because it
can easily be traced.
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
Review Questions
9. Internetwork designers must ___________
a. deal with multiple organizations
b. consider the high speed backbone that will
carry traffic between networks.
c. understand how routers, switches, and bridges
work.
d. consider traffic prioritization issues.
e. All of the above.
Review Questions
10. Which of the following routing techniques are
used in WANs?
a. dynamic routing
b. distributed routing
c. static routing
d. All of the above
Homework
Due Next Week
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Review:
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Chapter 12, pp. 318-344
Chapter 18, pp. 521-531
Read:
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Chapter 13, pp. 350-371
Chapter 14, pp. 378-411
Complete:
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Multiple Choice Questions 1-7 on pp. 373-374
Multiple Choice Questions 1-10 on pp. 412-414