Name: ____________________________
Unit 1 – The Progressive Era - Study Guide
New Immigrants: came from Eastern and Southern Europe
Ellis Island: the location where many immigrants from Europe entered the United States
Nativists: Feared that immigrants would take their jobs and only people who were born in America
belonged in America
Progressive Movement legacy: government became more responsive to social issues
Muckrakers: wanted to shine a light on the socioeconomic problems in need of political and government
attention
Tenements: poorly constructed and often run-down apartments
Jacob Riis: had the book How The Other Half Lives
Ida Tarbell: Wrote the History of Standard Oil
The Jungle: book by Upton Sinclair that led to the Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food and Drug Act
Galveston, Texas: devastated by a hurricane, led to reform in the government of Galveston
Robert LaFollette: remembered for the Wisconsin Idea that gave voters more of a voice in elections,
recalls, initiatives, and referendums added
W.E.B. DuBois: wanted immediate equality for African Americans
Booker T. Washington: created the Tuskegee Institute, believed in economic equality for the African
Americans
Jane Addams: established the Hull House
Sherman Antitrust Act: first piece of legislation that limited the power of trusts
Clayton Antitrust Act: stronger than the Sherman Antitrust Act, replaced it
Theodore Roosevelt’s Square Deal: designed to promote policies beneficial to the U.S. society as a
whole, not just certain sectors
Theodore Roosevelt the Trustbuster: called this because he was against harmful monopolies
Theodore Roosevelt the Conservation President: created national parks and bird sanctuaries, believed
that we should use the land but not abuse the land
William Taft: TR’s handpicked successor for president, defeated by Wilson in his bid for re-election, only
American President to also serve as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court; increased the acreage of
America’s national forests, and prosecuted more trusts than Roosevelt; attacked U.S. Steel
Election of 1912: Roosevelt ran against Taft and Wilson, Roosevelt and Taft split the Republican vote and
this led to the election of Wilson
New Freedom: Woodrow Wilson’s slogan
Triple Wall of Privilege: Wilson wanted to attack the tariffs, the banks, and the trusts
Federal Reserve System: created 12 federal banks that enabled the government to better regulate the
nation’s economy
17th Amendment: we directly elect our senators
Prohibition: 18th amendment that made it illegal to sell alcohol
19th Amendment: gave women the right to vote
World War I – ended the Progressive Movement
Extended Response
Immigration has always been a constant theme in American history. However, in the period after the
Civil War, from 1865 - 1920, the population of the U.S. nearly doubled due to immigration alone as
millions poured into the nation in an attempt to find the American Dream.
A. Identify and Describe two “push” factors and two “pull” factors that led so many people
to leave their native lands and immigrate to the United States during the period 1865 1920.
B. Discuss three problems that faced many immigrants when they arrived in the United
States. Explain and support your answer with examples.