Bellringer 1/19
• What do you know about nutrients
Pre-quiz (handout)
Nutrient Basics
Objective
• I will identify the six basic nutrient groups
• I will learn how the basic nutrients comprise the foods I eat
You Are What You Eat
• Food is your body’s fuel
• Energy is released from the food and the nutrients are used
to build, repair, and maintain body cells.
What is a Nutrient?
A nutrient is a chemical substance in food that
helps maintain the body.
Some provide energy. All help build cells and
tissues, regulate bodily processes such as
breathing. No single food supplies all the nutrients
the body needs to function.
What Are Essential Nutrients?
• The Building Blocks
– Contribute to your body’s healthy functioning
1. Carbohydrates
2. Proteins
3. Fats
4. Vitamins
5. Minerals
6. Water
Chemistry of Nutrition
• Chemical Elements
– Elements: the simplest substances from which all matter is formed
– Molecule: the smallest amount of a substance made of 2 or more
atoms
– Atom: the smallest part of an element that can enter into a
chemical reaction
– Compound: when atoms of 2 or more elements are bonded
together
Chemistry of Nutrients
• Compounds
– Carbohydrates
– Fats
– Proteins
– Vitamins
– Water
• Element
– Minerals
Oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and cobalt
3 Main Functions of Nutrients
Essential nutrients from food are used to:
• Build and repair body tissue
• Regulate all body processes
• Provide energy
Build and Repair Body Tissues
Cells are formed
with materials that
come from food.
Regulate Body Processes
Keep body processes
running smoothly
such as:
• Circulation of
body fluids
• Acid-base level in
the blood
• Digestion,
absorption, and
metabolism
Provide Energy
Food is to your body
as gasoline is to your
car.
It is a source of
energy for
performance.
Energy is necessary
for all life processes
to occur
• To breathe
• Pump blood
• Move muscles
• Provide heat
Energy
Chemical reactions
that take place in the
cells release energy
from the nutrients you
get from food.
Energy Sources
• Carbohydrates
• Protein
• Fats
2 main: Carbs and Fat
Water, Vitamins, and Minerals DO NOT
provide energy!
• They help with metabolism and
improve the way food is processed but
they don’t actually deliver any energy.
Energy value of food
Kilocalorie
Calorie
• Amount of heat needed to
raise one kilogram of water
one degree Celsius.
• A unit of measurement that
describes how much energy
the food delivers to the
body when it is digested and
metabolized.
• kcal
Calories
For every gram of
the nutrients you
digest, your body
receives # kcal of
fuel
Nutrient
Carbohydrates
Protein
Fat
Energy delivered
per Gram
4 kcal
4 kcal
9 kcal
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
None
None
None
BYOD
• Write down the calorie information (calories, fat,
protein, sodium) for Chicken Nuggets at the following
restaurants:
– Chick-fil-a: nuggets (8 piece) Divide by half
– McDonalds: nuggets (4 piece)
– Burger King: chicken nuggets (4 piece)
– Wendy’s: nuggets (4 piece)
Assignment:
Which is the best choice? Why? (write down answer
and turn in tomorrow)