Chapter 5
William Penn Starts His
New Colony
I. Europe in 1680’s
A. Only Kings and Queens ruled the
countries in Europe.
1. There was no religious freedom.
2. People had no say in government.
3. People were told what to think and
how to act.
B.
1.
2.
a.
William Penn
Born in England.
Was a member of the Quakers.
Quakers- a protestant religious
group that believed:
- all people were equal
- everyone had the right to religious
freedom
- fighting and war were wrong.
II. The New Colony of PA
Was Born.
• How William Penn got the land.
1. The king of England owed W. Penn’s
father money and couldn't pay it
back at the time.
2. When W. Penn’s father died, the
King granted W. Penn the land in
North America as a payment.
B. The land was named Pennsylvania.
1. How the name Pennsylvania came about:
- Penn- king wanted to name the land in
honor of William’s father.
- Sylvania- means “woods”. Penn wanted
to name the land “the woods”.
2. PA was an area rich in forests, soil and
streams.
3. W. Penn named his small area of land,
which was a small town with lots of
parks, “The city of Brotherly Love”.
C. The Holy Experiment
1.
Def- where the specific freedoms that W. Penn
planned to provide in the settlers in his new
city.
(these freedoms were never given to a certain
group of people before- it was an experiment to
see how things would turn out.)
The Holy Experiment
1. Religious freedom without persecution.
2. All people to be treated as equal, not as rich or
poor.
3. People have a say in how government works.
D. The Native Americans
1. The Native Americans were already
settled in PA.
2. W. Penn treated the Delaware Tribe with
fairness and equals.
3. The Delaware Tribe taught the settlers
how to fish and grow crops ( corn,
beans, squash).
4. Tamanend- was the Delaware Chief.
- W. Penn paid the chief for the land that
his settlers moved into.
F. William’s Great Laws
1. Great Law- all people were born equal
and with freedom of religion.
2. General Assembly- a group of people
chosen by the people to make laws.
3. Charter of Privileges- laws passed in
1701 guaranteeing settlers the rights to
religious freedom and the right of
colonists to suggest laws to England.
G. William’s Return to England
1. William Penn returned to England at
the King’s request.
2. He died in 1718 in England.
3. His wife, Hannah, ruled the colony
from England after W. Penn died.
III. Many Ethnic and Religious
Groups Move to PA.
A. Immigrants- people who move from one
country to another country.
1. In the 1680’s many early immigrants came
from European countries to settle in PA.
2. There was a diversity of religious groups from
England, Germany, and Switzerland.
diversity- different racial and ethnic groups.
3. Many people settled in PA because their religious
beliefs were not welcome in their homeland.
- Prejudice- showing dislike toward someone or
some group because of differences.
B. Jobs in PA
1. Many settlers who came to PA were
farmers
- they cleared forests, used woods for
their homes and heat.
2. Philadelphia was a Port City (means next
to a river which allows boats/ships to
come in and out easily with trading
items).
- there was lots of trade with England.
- jobs: Blacksmiths, shoemakers,
storekeepers, and carpenters.
C. Religious Groups in PA.
1. Quakers
- a religious group that began the colony
in PA with William Penn.
- they started PA’s first school and jail.
2. German Quakers
- European Quakers who started a town in
Germantown.
- they followed the Quaker’s beliefs.
3. Moravians
- a German religious group that started a town on
the Lehigh River.
- they lived simple lives.
- unmarried men and women lived apart in
separate house.
- children didn’t live with parents, but in a Day
Care House.
- there was a separate home for Native Americans
who converted over.
- they bought and freed African American slaves
and let them earn their own money.
4. Church of Brethren
- a German religious group that settled
in PA.
- Brethren-means brother.
- they lived simple lives and didn’t
believe in war.
- they baptized young adults by
dunking them into a streamnicknamed the Dunkards.
5. Seventh Day Baptists
a.
b.
c.
d.
settled near Lancaster in a town named
Ephrata Cloister.
a Cloister- is a place, such as a building,
for worship.
they lived simple, quiet lives in prayer.
there were separate worship houses for
men and women.
they slept on hard boards and used
wood blocks for pillows.
6. The Scotch-Irish
a. they originally left Scotland to go to Ireland, but
because they were badly treated, they settled
in PA.
b. they brought the Presbyterian Religion and
started many colleges.
7. The Irish
a. they brought the Catholic Religion to PA.
b. they broke into 2 religious groups:
1. The Irish Catholic.
2. The Irish Protestants- those people who broke
away from Catholic religion in Protest.
8. The African American
a. Many were free people in America.
b. Philadelphia had the largest number
of free African Americans.
c. They started a church in
Philadelphia in 1787.
d. PA became the first state to pass a
law abolishing slavery.
- abolish- means to stop or end.
9. The Jewish People
a.
They arrived from many nations and settled in
PA cities because they were treated badly in
their own countries for their faith.
10. Indentured Servants
a. African Americans and Europeans who couldn’t
afford to pay for the trip across the ocean to
PA.
b. Ship captains paid for their voyage to the
colonies. Once there, they were sold to
someone for seven years of work. Once they
paid off their dept they were free to settle there
own land.
- Pennsylvania became a popular place
for many nations to settle to,
especially as time went on.
- the majority of the nations to settle
in PA were: England, Ireland,
Germany, Poland, Italy and Russia.
11. The Pennsylvania Dutch
a. They were the largest group of German and
Swiss settlers to come to PA.
b. They spoke German
- the word “German” is pronounced “Duetsche” in
Germany. The English heard them using this term
and thought this was were they were from. This
is how the PA Dutch got their name.
c. They first settled in Lancaster, PA and many still
live there today.
d. By 1750, half of the PA population was made up
of PA Dutch.
c. There are 2 main religious groups of
the Pa Dutch.
1. The Mennonites
- followed the teaching of Menno
Simmons.
- known for colorful designs on their
barns called Hex Signs.
- to put a “hex” on someone is to
wish them bad luck
- live life like most of us do.
Hex Sign.
2. The Older Order Amish/Team
Mennonite
- was formed by Jakob Amman, who left the
Mennonites while in Switzerland to form his own
religious group.
- live a simple life
- most are dairy farmers
- believe the outside world is wicked and evil.
- do not have modern appliances or drive cars.
- wear plain dark clothes (purple, blue, black).
- no church- mass is held in a member’s home.
Amish Customs:
1. Shunning- in the Amish Community, not
to pay attention to a rule-breaker of the
community.
2. Barn raising- when the Amish gather
together for the day to build a new barn.
- The PA Dutch in Lancaster have become a
huge tourist attraction to many people in
the outside world.
Amish