Famous Protectors
Famous Intellectuals
20 Formative Bonus
Points to the
winning group
Famous Visionaries
Famous Creators
Unit 6 Personality Essential Topics
Perspectives on Personality
1. Students are able to:
-Evaluate psychodynamic theories
-Evaluate trait theories
-Evaluate humanistic theories
-Evaluate social–cognitive theories
Assessment of Personality
2. Students are able to:
-Differentiate personality assessment techniques
-Discuss the reliability and validity of personality assessment
techniques
Issues in personality
3. Students are able to:
-Discuss biological and situational influences
-Discuss self-concept
-Analyze how individualistic and collectivistic cultural perspectives
relate to personality
4. Identify key contributors to personality theory (e .g ., Alfred Adler, Albert
Bandura, Paul Costa and Robert McCrae, Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Abraham
Maslow, Carl Rogers)
Personality Assessments and
Projection tests
How can we measure personality?
Interviews
Observation
Questionnaires
Projective tests
Often used in combination
Personality Assessments and
Projection tests
The Interviews
In an interview questions are used
to gain information about an
individual’s personal history,
personality traits, or current
psychological state.
In an unstructured interview
conversation is very informal and
topics are taken up freely as they
come up
In a structured interview the
interviewer gets their information
by asking a planned series of
questions
Personality Assessments and
Projection tests
The Interviews
Interviews make it possible to not
only get the answers to the
questions, but to also observe a
person’s tone of voice, hand
gestures, posture, and facial
expressions.
What do you think are the most
affective interview questions you
could ask?
Body language is key in an
interview.
Personality Assessments and
Have limitations
Projection tests
Can be easily swayed by
preconceptions.
An interviewer’s
personality can influence
client behavior.
People can be deceived
in interviews
Halo effect uses
generalizations to
unrelated details of
personality.
Direct Observation
Looking at
behavior.
People watching
Psychologists can make
observations of people
interacting with others
Direct Observation
Misconceptions
can be just as
harmful in direct
observation as in
interviews.
In order to limit the
misconceptions, an
observer can use a rating
scale to help limit the
chance that some traits
will be overlooked.
Personality Questionnaires
Questionnaires are
much more
objective than
interviews or
observation
Most are standardized so
that scores are not
impacted by opinion or
prejudice
Projective tests of personality
Projective tests
attempt to uncover
deeply hidden or
unconscious
wishes, thoughts,
and needs
In a projective test,
a person is asked
to describe
ambiguous stimuli
or make up stories
Projective Tests
Rorschach Inkblot Test
One of the oldest and
most widely used
projective test.
A person is asked to
describe what they see in
the inkblot
Sometimes, the part of
the image they describe
is more telling than the
overall description
Projective Tests
Rorschach Inkblot Test
They can allow for
psychologists to detect
emotional disturbances
by observing how a
person perceives the
world.
Projective Tests
Thematic Apperception Test TAT
Instead of ambiguous
inkblots, the TAT uses
sketches depicting
various scenes and life
situations.
Those tested are shown a
scene or image and
asked to make up a story
about the people in it
Projective Tests
Thematic Apperception Test TAT
TATs are especially good
at revealing feelings
about a person’s social
relationships
**Although projective
tests are popular, their
validity is considered
quite low
Rorschach Inkblot Test
Trial 1
Please write your description
of what you see. Be specific
Thematic
Apperception Test
Trial 1
Please make up a story about
the people in the sketch
Trial 2
Trial 2
Trial 3
Trial 3
Trial 4
Trial 4
Trial 5
Trial 5
Trial 6
Trial 6
Rorschach Inkblot 1
Rorschach Inkblot 2
Rorschach Inkblot 3
Rorschach Inkblot 4
Rorschach Inkblot 5
TAT 1
TAT 2
TAT 3
TAT 4
TAT 5
Big 5 personality traits
Psychology questionnaire
You have just seen multiple ways to test and project
personality. We are going to take some time to create our
own questionnaire that will test someone’s personality
based on the Big 5 characteristics.
I would like for you to have at least 15 questions, and the
more the better. You will be giving your test to a
classmate when we are finished.
Example:
If there is a new student in class, I always introduce myself.
Yes or No
If they answer yes, I could gather that they are high on the
extrovert and conscientiousness scale.
What is involved in each theory of human personality? People,
theory summary, experiments, case studies, examples
Behavioristic Theory
Trait Theory
Humanistic Theory
Psychoanalytic Theory
Theory Reflection