EvoGen Exam Review Sheet: Breakdown of Exam: Multiple Choice: Completion: Short Answer/Essay: In Silico Portion: 40-50 Questions 30-40 Questions 2-4 Questions (Likely giving you a choice on which to answer) Be prepared to use NCBI, DNA Subway, Primer 3 Plus, and/or do a Multiple Sequence Alignment using Target/Muscle What you will need: #2 Pencil/Pen Laptop Lab Notebook First & Second Test Signed and Corrected Topics to Review for Written Portion of Exam: Structure of DNA Components of a nucleotide Semi-conservative replication DNA is antiparallel Experimental Controls (ie – positive controls vs. negative controls in an experiment) The whole process of information transfer (how does a cell make a protein???) DNA replication Codons & anticodons Understanding the genetic code Understanding different types of RNA Basic review of reagents used in experiments done this semester (such as Taq Mix, Gel Red, reagents used in extraction and isolation of DNA, gel electrophoresis, DNA Ladder, etc….) Differentiate between genomic DNA vs. cDNA Explain why we do DNA dilutions prior to PCR reactions? Anthony Allison William Charles Wells Kary Mullis Charles Darwin Questions regarding proper pipette use (iewhich pipette to use for which volume needed) Short answer/Essay: Co-Evolutionary Arms Race Fossil Genes Global Understanding of Experiments DNA Sequencing vs. PCR Mutations (SNPs, insertions, deletions, polymorphisms in general) Neutral mutations, synonomous vs. nonsynonomous mutations Organismal fitness What is bioinformatics? Why do we use it? What are genome browsers? What are gene models? What is EST evidence? What is the wobble effect? Fossil Genes Landraces Toolkit Genes Convergent Evolution Coevolutionary Arms Race DNA Sequencing vs. PCR Components of PCR Steps of PCR Sanger Sequencing Genotype Phenotype Heterozygote Advantage Homozygous Heterozygous Dominant Allele Recessive Allele