Test Review Questions
Chapter 2
True or False?
False
 __________
False
 __________
True
 __________
Money is a “need”.
First Nations and Inuit societies
believe that people and nature
are separate and have nothing to
do with one another.
First Nations and Inuit believe
that people are part of a natural
system that includes the land,
water, plants, and animals.
True or False?
True
 __________
True
 __________
True
 __________
For First Nations and Inuit
peoples, natural resources are
seen as a source of life.
First Nations and Inuit peoples
believe that all natural resources
must be treated with respect.
Beginning about 1500,
Europeans began arriving in
North America.
True or False?
False
 __________
True
 __________
True
 __________
When the First Nations of the
Maritimes first met Europeans,
they weren’t curious about the
newcomers at all.
At the time of contact, Europeans
needed the help that the First
Nations initially offered to them.
First Nations economies changed
because of the fur trade.
1. The man purpose of an economic
system is to answer three questions.
What are they?
1. What sorts of things to people need and
want?
2. How can we make these things?
3. How will we get them to the people?
2. Explain the difference between needs
and wants.
Needs are the things that a person needs
in order to survive.
Wants are things that we would like to
have but are not necessary for our
survival.
3. Provide two examples each of things
that you need and want.
Need
Want
Oxygen
Money
Water
iPod
Food
Car
4. Define the term “Aboriginal”.
The term Aboriginal means living in a land
from the earliest times or the first peoples
of a region.
5. Name the three groups of Aboriginal
peoples that are recognized by the
Constitution of Canada.
Name of Group
1. The Inuit
Who Are They?
First peoples north of
the tree line (where it
is too cold for trees
to grow).
5. Name the three groups of Aboriginal
peoples that are recognized by the
Constitution of Canada.
Name of Group
2. First Nations
Who Are They?
First peoples of the
rest of the land that is
now Canada.
5. Name the three groups of Aboriginal
peoples that are recognized by the
Constitution of Canada.
Name of Group
3. The Métis
Who Are They?
The children of either
First Nations or Inuit
women and
European men.
6. Define the term “Natural Resources”
Natural Resources are naturally occurring
materials that can be used by man.
7. Name two (2) natural resources that
can currently be found in New
Brunswick.
Natural resources that can currently be
found in New Brunswick include:
 Forests
 Fishing
 Hunting
 Minerals & Petroleum
8. In the past, First Nations depended on
two things for survival.
What were they?
 In the past, First Nations depended on the
land and natural resources for survival.
9. What were First Nation economies
based on?
 First Nation economies were based on
the natural resources available in the
region or area.
10. In the past, how did First Nations
communities make the goods that
they required?
 In the past, the goods that the First
Nations and Inuit needed in their lives
were made by hand, mostly using stone
and bone tools.
11. In most First Nations communities,
whose responsibility was it to produce
the basic necessities of life?
 In most First Nations and Inuit
communities, everyone helped with
production, and shared equally in what
was produced.
12. Define “Private Ownership”.
 Private ownership is the idea that one
person has complete control over an area
of land.
13. In the past, how did these terms relate
to one another:
“First Nations” and “Private Ownership”?
 The notion of private ownership did not
exist for First Nations and Inuit
communities.
To them, thinking that someone could
own the land was like thinking that
someone could own the air.
14. Name 2 reasons why Europeans left
their homelands.
 Some Europeans wanted more land.
 Some Europeans believed that their
religions and culture should be spread
around the world.
 Individual Europeans were looking for
economic opportunities.
14. Name 2 reasons why Europeans left
their homelands.
 Europeans were looking for natural
resources to sell back in Europe.
Ex: Fish, timber, furs.
15. In the past, how did these terms relate
to one another:
“Europeans” and “Private Ownership”?
 The notion of private ownership was very
important in European cultures.
Many European families came to North
America in search of land to call their
own.
16. Until the 1700’s, how did Europeans
produce things?
 Until the 1700’s, Europeans used basic
tools to make things by hand.
 They had some tools that were made out
of metal that made work a little easier.
17. What does the term “Contact” refer to?
 Contact refers to the time when
Europeans first came to North America.
18. What led to the beginning of the fur
trade?
 As First Nations and Europeans got to
know one another, they realized that there
were good economic opportunities.
 Newcomers were very interested in
getting furs, and First Nation peoples
were interested in trade goods such as
metal knives and pots.
18. What led to the beginning of the fur
trade?
 This was the beginning of the fur trade.
19. First Nations economies changed
because of the fur trade.
Explain the cycle that developed as a
result of the fur trade.
 First Nations hunted for furs so that they
could get trade goods, and they needed
trade goods because they spent the
majority of their time out hunting for furs.
20. Explain why the economic system
created by the fur trade could not go
on forever.
 Eventually, the animal population in an
area would become so low that people
couldn’t get the furs that they needed to
trade for the things that they needed.
(con’t)
20. Explain why the economic system
created by the fur trade could not go
on forever.
 Once this happened, the European
traders would then move further west
where there were still plenty of fur-bearing
animals.
21. When Europeans settled in the
Maritimes, several changes took place.
Explain two (2) of the effects of
European settlement.
1. As forests were cut down and lands were
fenced for farming and ranching, there
were fewer areas that were good for
hunting.
21. When Europeans settled in the
Maritimes, several changes took place.
Explain two (2) of the effects of
European settlement.
2. As roads and towns were built, First
Nations found that the newcomers were
taking over rivers, lakes, and oceanfront
areas that provided essential food
sources.