SC.6.E.7.5 Explain how energy provided by the Sun influences global patterns of atmospheric movement and the temperature differences between air, water, and land. (Also assesses SC.6.E.7.1.)

A map of surface ocean currents is shown below.
How does the energy provided by the Sun affect global ocean currents?
A. The Sun heats the land, which causes currents to flow close to coasts.
B. The Sun heats the world’s oceans evenly, which causes currents to flow around Earth.
C. The Sun heats waters near the equator, which then move toward the poles where the waters cool.
D. The Sun heats waters near the poles, which causes the waters to move toward the equator to cool.

BENCHMARK
 SC.6.E.7.5 Explain how energy provided by the Sun influences global patterns of atmospheric movement and the temperature differences between air, water, and land. (Also assesses
SC.6.E.7.1.)
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
 How does energy move through
Earth’s system?

 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Y3mfAGVn1c

 Heat always moves from a warmer place to a cooler place.
 Hot objects in a cooler room will cool to room temperature.
 Cold objects in a warmer room will heat up to room temperature.

 Radiation: the transfer of (thermal) energy by electromagnetic waves.
 Radiation does not require matter to transfer thermal energy .
 All the sun’s energy that reaches Earth travels through millions of kilometers of empty space (a vacuum).
 All matter can radiate energy.
 You feel the radiation of thermal energy from a bonfire, a heat lamp and a light bulb.

CONDUCTION: the transfer of heat from one particle of matter to another by direct particle to particle contact.
 Conduction occurs primarily in solids because the particles are tightly packed together.
 The particles themselves DO NOT change positions.

 Convection occurs in FLUIDS (liquids and gases).
 Convection produces CURRENTS in both gases and liquids.
 Thermal Energy heat is carried by the particles as they move from one location to another.

A map of surface ocean currents is shown below.
How does the energy provided by the Sun affect global ocean currents?
A. The Sun heats the land, which causes currents to flow close to coasts.
B. The Sun heats the world’s oceans evenly, which causes currents to flow around Earth.
C. The Sun heats waters near the equator, which then move toward the poles where the waters cool. *
D. The Sun heats waters near the poles, which causes the waters to move toward the equator to cool.

In December, Bill was driving through Florida with his family. As they drove closer to the coast, Bill noticed that the air grew a little warmer. Which of the following statements best explains the temperature difference?
A. Air expands at higher temperatures.
B. Water heats and cools more slowly than the land does.
C. Warm air moves toward the coastline from inland areas.
D. Cool air moves from coastal areas to inland areas in a sea breeze .

The Sun’s energy travels through space to reach Earth. This energy supplies light and heat form the planet. Heat travels in several ways through Earth’s air, water, and land. Which of the following methods of heat transfer is an example of convection?
A. Rays of sunlight reach Earth’s surface
B. Warm air rises and displaces cooler air
C. Heat moves from warmed asphalt into the air
D. Heat moves form the top layer of soil to the lower layers

On a summer day, Thomas is standing in his driveway waiting for his mother. Energy from the Sun is making Thomas feel hot. This energy is being transmitted by three different methods. Which of the following is an example of convection?
A. Energy streaming through space toward Thomas
B. Heat being transferred from air particles to the asphalt
C. Heat moving through Thomas’s clothes to warm his skin
D. Warm air rising from just above the asphalt to reach the level of Thomas’s face

HOW DOES ENERGY MOVE THROUGH EARTH
SYSTEMS?