Prepare for Ch. 29 Reading Quiz
No Warm-Up: 10/6/2014
Despite an economic boom during the Age
of Industry, Mark Twain referred to this as
a Gilded Age. What were some of the
problems created during the Industrial
Revolution?
WRITING INITIATIVE: 10/6/14
PROGRESSIVISM
A movement aimed to reform society,
economy, gov’t and labor during the early
1900s
PROGRESSIVISM:
Unsafe working
Natural disasters
conditions
destroyed towns
Large Corporations
unemployment
dominated society
long work hours
(corrupt)
election fraud
Gov’t was corrupt
unresponsive U.S.
(political machines)
Senators
poor living conditions
women workers unable
poverty
to vote
child labor
low wages
moral decline (drinking)
Panic of 1893
Conditions that Led to Progressivism:
Protect Social Welfare
Promote Moral Improvement
Create Economic Reform
Foster Efficiency
Goals of Progressivism:
Prohibitionists – gained passage of 18th Amendment
(outlawed alcohol)
Women – gained shorter workday and better working
conditions; expanded roles in public (more jobs available);
gained passage of 19th Amendment (women’s suffrage)
Children – gained minimum age requirements for work,
shorter workdays, and safer working conditions
Reform Mayors/Governors – set up more efficient
governments; helped protect workers and children
Muckrakers – exposed corruption of Big Business, horrible
working conditions in factories, poor living conditions of
tenements and slums
Social Reformers – formed YMCA and Salvation Army to
help poor people
National Child Labor Committee – gained passage of
Keating-Owen Act
Progressive Period Achievements:
Read Jacob Riis “How the Other Half
Lives”
Got to my webpage -> Resources -> U.S.
Documents -> Pg. 488-490
Answer the two questions in your journal
Muckrakers:
Find a primary source article from a
famous muckraker describing life during
the early 1900’s.
Write a summary of the source. Be sure
to include the Author and Title.
You will share your summary tomorrow
with the rest of the class.
HOMEWORK- DUE TOMORROW
10/7/14
How did muckrakers influence the
Progressive Movement? Give specific
examples.
Warm-up: 10/7/2014
Read the following two excerpts:
Write a one-page essay comparing the two
excerpts. The paper should answer the following
questions:
◦ Excerpt from The Jungle (1906) by Upton Sinclair, from
the North Carolina digital history textbook
◦ “The Most Dangerous Job,” excerpt from Fast Food
Nation (2002) by Eric Schlosser, from
thirdworldtraveler.com
◦ What is the goal of both excerpts?
◦ What kinds of details do both authors include in their
excerpts to make their points?
◦ What were the effects of The Jungle’s publication and
what have been some possible effects of the publication
of Fast Food Nation?
Muckrakers Comparison Essay
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xxe9n
osWawM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3BGS
DEFlZLE
Upton Sinclair’s “The Jungle”
Led U.S. Army group (Rough Riders) in SpanishAmerican War
Political Party – Republican (and later Bull
Moose/Progressive)
Served as V.P. under McKinley until McKinley was
assassinated
Became President in 1901 – youngest one ever
Served two terms as President – ran for a third
term as a Bull Moose candidate in 1912 (lost)
Survived an assassination attempt
Thought Federal Gov’t was responsible for
people’s welfare
Against ending racial discrimination
TEDDY ROOSEVELT AND HIS SQUARE DEAL
Square Deal – Teddy Roosevelt’s plan to help the
American people
Step 1: Trust-busting – breaking up trusts who
had monopolies
Step 2: Regulate Big Business – break up
monopolies
Step 3: Regulate the Railroads
Step 4: Make Foods/Medicines Safer – pushed for
passage of Meat Inspection Act, Pure Food & Drug
Act
Step 5: Conserve Wilderness & Natural Resources
– set aside land for National Parks, promoted
irrigation projects
TEDDY ROOSEVELT AND HIS SQUARE DEAL
William Howard Taft
defeats Democratic
candidate William Jennings
Bryan in 1908
Cautious manner
Conflicted with Progressives
Raised tariffs
Accused of giving land in
Alaska to a syndicate –
business group
Democrats gain control of
House & Senate in 1910
Taft was endorsed by Roosevelt
Taft Becomes President
Taft “sold the Square Deal down the river”
In 1912, the Republican
Party splits
◦ Conservatives – Taft
◦ Progressives – Roosevelt
Taft gets the Republican
nomination
Election of 1912
Fatso
Four
eyes
Roosevelt runs as an independent for the
Progressive Party
◦ AKA the Bull Moose Party
Election of 1912
(cont)
What are the effects of a third-party
candidate on an election?
(click on link to view You Tube video)
Election of 1912
(cont)
Woodrow Wilson – Democrat
◦
◦
◦
◦
Former professor
Governor of New Jersey
Progressive reformer
Notorious racist
Election of 1912
(cont)
During Wilson’s eight years he issued many
reforms that affected tariffs, banking, trusts,
& workers rights
Clayton Antitrust Act – banned tying
agreements and price discrimination
Federal Trade Commission (FTC) –
monitor American businesses and prevent
Unfair Trade Practices
Federal Reserve System – banks would
keep some of their money in a federal bank.
A “banker’s bank”
Wilson becomes President
Civil Rights During the
Progressive Era
Women’s Suffrage
Many progressives fought for women’s suffrage
in the late 1800s & early 1900s
***Suffrage = Right to vote***
Women’s Suffrage
(cont)
National American
Woman Suffrage
Association (NAWSA)
◦ Three-Part Strategy
Convince states to grant
right to vote
Pursue court cases to test
14th Amendment
Push for a Constitutional
Amendment
Elizabeth
Cady
Stanton
Susan B.
Anthony
Women’s Suffrage
(cont)
19th Amendment - Passed in 1920 and
guaranteed women the right to vote
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IYQhR
Cs9IHM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lwd2s
LEuw30
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uPcthZL2RE
Women’s Suffrage Clips: WED
Booker T. Washington and
W.E.B. DuBois:
Two Paths to Ending Jim Crow
13th Amendment- Ended Slavery
14th- Amendment- Made blacks citizens
15th Amendment- Black Suffrage
Jim Crow South
Disenfranchisement of African Americans
g
Grandfather Clause
g
Poll Tax
g Literacy Test
g
Intimidation and Fear
Jim Crow Laws of segregation applied to
the following public places:
g
Transportation
g
Schools
g
Libraries
g
Drinking Fountains
g
Morgues and Funeral Parlors
Plessy vs. Ferguson
The Case: Homer Plessy,
1/8th black, was arrested
for sitting in the “white
car” of a Louisiana train in
violation of that state’s
“Separate Car Act.” The
case was appealed to
Supreme Court.
Supreme Court Ruling 1896
Plessy v. Ferguson
The Ruling: SEPARATE facilities were
lawful as long as they were EQUAL.
Justice John Harlan, the lone dissenter
wrote, “Our Constitution is color-blind.”
Supreme Court in 1896
Plessy v. Ferguson
The Result: Legalized Jim Crow
Segregation until 1954 (Brown v. Board
of Education)
Felt that black people
should work to gain
economic security before
equal rights
Believed black people
will “earn” equality
Was popular with white
leaders in the North and
South
Was unpopular with
many black leaders
Booker T.
Washington
Booker T.
Washington
g Born a slave in southwestern Virginia
g Believed in vocational education for blacks
g Founded Tuskegee Institute in Alabama
g Believed in gradual equality
g Accused of being an “Uncle Tom”
g Received much white support
g Wrote Up From Slavery (1901)
W.E.B. DuBois
Strongly opposed
Booker T.
Washington’s
tolerance of
segregation
Demanded immediate
equality for blacks
Felt it was wrong to
expect citizens to
“earn their rights”
Founded the NAACP
along with other black
and white leaders
W.E.B. DuBois
g Born in 1868 in Great Barrington, Massachusetts
g Well educated-First African American to receive
Ph.D. from Harvard
g Wanted immediate equality between blacks and
whites
g Wanted classical higher education for blacks
g Wrote The Souls of Black Folk
(1903)
g The Niagara Movement – led to
NAACP
Legacy of Progressivism
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