
Prepare for Ch. 29 Reading Quiz
No Warm-Up: 10/6/2014

Despite an economic boom during the Age
of Industry, Mark Twain referred to this as
a Gilded Age. What were some of the
problems created during the Industrial
Revolution?
WRITING INITIATIVE: 10/6/14
PROGRESSIVISM

A movement aimed to reform society,
economy, gov’t and labor during the early
1900s
PROGRESSIVISM:
Unsafe working
 Natural disasters
conditions
destroyed towns
 Large Corporations
 unemployment
dominated society
 long work hours
(corrupt)
 election fraud
 Gov’t was corrupt
 unresponsive U.S.
(political machines)
Senators
 poor living conditions
 women workers unable
 poverty
to vote
 child labor
 low wages
 moral decline (drinking)
 Panic of 1893

Conditions that Led to Progressivism:

Protect Social Welfare

Promote Moral Improvement

Create Economic Reform

Foster Efficiency
Goals of Progressivism:







Prohibitionists – gained passage of 18th Amendment
(outlawed alcohol)
Women – gained shorter workday and better working
conditions; expanded roles in public (more jobs available);
gained passage of 19th Amendment (women’s suffrage)
Children – gained minimum age requirements for work,
shorter workdays, and safer working conditions
Reform Mayors/Governors – set up more efficient
governments; helped protect workers and children
Muckrakers – exposed corruption of Big Business, horrible
working conditions in factories, poor living conditions of
tenements and slums
Social Reformers – formed YMCA and Salvation Army to
help poor people
National Child Labor Committee – gained passage of
Keating-Owen Act
Progressive Period Achievements:

Read Jacob Riis “How the Other Half
Lives”

Got to my webpage -> Resources -> U.S.
Documents -> Pg. 488-490

Answer the two questions in your journal
Muckrakers:

Find a primary source article from a
famous muckraker describing life during
the early 1900’s.

Write a summary of the source. Be sure
to include the Author and Title.

You will share your summary tomorrow
with the rest of the class.
HOMEWORK- DUE TOMORROW
10/7/14

How did muckrakers influence the
Progressive Movement? Give specific
examples.
Warm-up: 10/7/2014

Read the following two excerpts:

Write a one-page essay comparing the two
excerpts. The paper should answer the following
questions:
◦ Excerpt from The Jungle (1906) by Upton Sinclair, from
the North Carolina digital history textbook
◦ “The Most Dangerous Job,” excerpt from Fast Food
Nation (2002) by Eric Schlosser, from
thirdworldtraveler.com
◦ What is the goal of both excerpts?
◦ What kinds of details do both authors include in their
excerpts to make their points?
◦ What were the effects of The Jungle’s publication and
what have been some possible effects of the publication
of Fast Food Nation?
Muckrakers Comparison Essay
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xxe9n
osWawM
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3BGS
DEFlZLE

Upton Sinclair’s “The Jungle”
Led U.S. Army group (Rough Riders) in SpanishAmerican War
 Political Party – Republican (and later Bull
Moose/Progressive)
 Served as V.P. under McKinley until McKinley was
assassinated
 Became President in 1901 – youngest one ever
 Served two terms as President – ran for a third
term as a Bull Moose candidate in 1912 (lost)
 Survived an assassination attempt
 Thought Federal Gov’t was responsible for
people’s welfare
 Against ending racial discrimination

TEDDY ROOSEVELT AND HIS SQUARE DEAL
Square Deal – Teddy Roosevelt’s plan to help the
American people
 Step 1: Trust-busting – breaking up trusts who
had monopolies
 Step 2: Regulate Big Business – break up
monopolies
 Step 3: Regulate the Railroads
 Step 4: Make Foods/Medicines Safer – pushed for
passage of Meat Inspection Act, Pure Food & Drug
Act
 Step 5: Conserve Wilderness & Natural Resources
– set aside land for National Parks, promoted
irrigation projects

TEDDY ROOSEVELT AND HIS SQUARE DEAL

William Howard Taft
defeats Democratic
candidate William Jennings
Bryan in 1908




Cautious manner
Conflicted with Progressives
Raised tariffs
Accused of giving land in
Alaska to a syndicate –
business group
 Democrats gain control of
House & Senate in 1910
Taft was endorsed by Roosevelt
Taft Becomes President
Taft “sold the Square Deal down the river”

In 1912, the Republican
Party splits
◦ Conservatives – Taft
◦ Progressives – Roosevelt

Taft gets the Republican
nomination
Election of 1912
Fatso
Four
eyes

Roosevelt runs as an independent for the
Progressive Party
◦ AKA the Bull Moose Party
Election of 1912
(cont)


What are the effects of a third-party
candidate on an election?
(click on link to view You Tube video)
Election of 1912
(cont)

Woodrow Wilson – Democrat
◦
◦
◦
◦
Former professor
Governor of New Jersey
Progressive reformer
Notorious racist
Election of 1912
(cont)

During Wilson’s eight years he issued many
reforms that affected tariffs, banking, trusts,
& workers rights
 Clayton Antitrust Act – banned tying
agreements and price discrimination
 Federal Trade Commission (FTC) –
monitor American businesses and prevent
Unfair Trade Practices
 Federal Reserve System – banks would
keep some of their money in a federal bank.
A “banker’s bank”
Wilson becomes President
Civil Rights During the
Progressive Era
Women’s Suffrage


Many progressives fought for women’s suffrage
in the late 1800s & early 1900s
***Suffrage = Right to vote***
Women’s Suffrage

(cont)
National American
Woman Suffrage
Association (NAWSA)
◦ Three-Part Strategy
 Convince states to grant
right to vote
 Pursue court cases to test
14th Amendment
 Push for a Constitutional
Amendment
Elizabeth
Cady
Stanton
Susan B.
Anthony
Women’s Suffrage

(cont)
19th Amendment - Passed in 1920 and
guaranteed women the right to vote
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IYQhR
Cs9IHM
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lwd2s
LEuw30
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uPcthZL2RE

Women’s Suffrage Clips: WED
Booker T. Washington and
W.E.B. DuBois:
Two Paths to Ending Jim Crow
13th Amendment- Ended Slavery
 14th- Amendment- Made blacks citizens
 15th Amendment- Black Suffrage

Jim Crow South
Disenfranchisement of African Americans
g
Grandfather Clause
g
Poll Tax
g Literacy Test
g
Intimidation and Fear
 Jim Crow Laws of segregation applied to
the following public places:
g
Transportation
g
Schools
g
Libraries
g
Drinking Fountains
g
Morgues and Funeral Parlors
Plessy vs. Ferguson
The Case: Homer Plessy,
1/8th black, was arrested
for sitting in the “white
car” of a Louisiana train in
violation of that state’s
“Separate Car Act.” The
case was appealed to
Supreme Court.
Supreme Court Ruling 1896
Plessy v. Ferguson
The Ruling: SEPARATE facilities were
lawful as long as they were EQUAL.
Justice John Harlan, the lone dissenter
wrote, “Our Constitution is color-blind.”
Supreme Court in 1896
Plessy v. Ferguson
The Result: Legalized Jim Crow
Segregation until 1954 (Brown v. Board
of Education)

Felt that black people
should work to gain
economic security before
equal rights

Believed black people
will “earn” equality

Was popular with white
leaders in the North and
South

Was unpopular with
many black leaders
Booker T.
Washington
Booker T.
Washington
g Born a slave in southwestern Virginia
g Believed in vocational education for blacks
g Founded Tuskegee Institute in Alabama
g Believed in gradual equality
g Accused of being an “Uncle Tom”
g Received much white support
g Wrote Up From Slavery (1901)
W.E.B. DuBois

Strongly opposed
Booker T.
Washington’s
tolerance of
segregation

Demanded immediate
equality for blacks

Felt it was wrong to
expect citizens to
“earn their rights”

Founded the NAACP
along with other black
and white leaders
W.E.B. DuBois
g Born in 1868 in Great Barrington, Massachusetts
g Well educated-First African American to receive
Ph.D. from Harvard
g Wanted immediate equality between blacks and
whites
g Wanted classical higher education for blacks
g Wrote The Souls of Black Folk
(1903)
g The Niagara Movement – led to
NAACP
Legacy of Progressivism