Neural and Hormonal Systems
Neurons (please label the parts and write a brief comment about each part’s function)
Axon
Node
Axon terminals
Dendrites
Synapse
Myelin sheath
Cell body (soma)
Synaptic end bulbs
Communication between neurons
1. action potential
2. threshold
3. synapse
4.Neurotransmitters (you need to know these, seriously – memorize the chart below!)
Agonists
The Endocrine System
Role of hormones:
Hypothalamus
Pituitary gland
Thyroid-
Adrenal gland
Pancreas
Testis/Ovaries
Parathyroid-
The Nervous System
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Parts:
(see chart on pg 64)
Functions:
The Brain
Studying the Brain
Method
1.
2.
3.
4.
“Oldest Parts” of the Brain Structure
Procedure used
+/- of method
The Limbic System
Amygdala-
Hypothalamus-
Pituitary Gland-
Hippocampus-
“Newer Parts” of the Brain Structure
Cerebral Cortex- nerve cells and glial (glue) cells, many wrinkles, large surface area
Two hemispheres, each hemisphere divided into 4 “lobes”
Functions of the cortex
Motor
Sensory
Association
Language
Divided Brain
The Brain’s “Plasticity” refers to the brain’s
ability to modify itself, reorganize, and adapt
The corpus callosum is a large ban of neural fibers
that connects the two hemispheres of the brain.
In some surgeries, the fibers are severed which
cuts off communication between the two
hemispheres of the brains. This is used as a
form of treatment for epileptic seizures.