Indians---Native American
I understand the various native
American cultures and how they
utilized their geographical
resources.
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Big Ideas...
1. Native Americans were masters at using the natural resources
found in their environment
2. Native Americans consisted of many individual nations that
had their own religious beliefs and who spoke their own
language
3. Culture of Native Americans was effected by European
settlers
Study guide:
1. Using the information in the cards, make a chart comparing the different Indian
groups. (buddy task)
2. Unfortunately some white settlers purposely destroyed the buffalo population. How
did this impact the Plains Indians?
3. Quizlet score of 90%
Work space
Common traits .... that help compare and contrast the Native
Americans
1. The Environment and how the people used the natural
resources provided by the environment
2. Technologies --- what did they make that helped them live
easier lives
3. Art --- personal ways to express one's self and often one's
religion
4. Staple (food sources)---what are your major sources of
nutrition
People of the Southwest...
people of the desert biome
1. Environment---Desert--arid(very dry with low
humidity)---New Mexico, Arizona,
Colorado, Texas
2. Technology...Axes,arrows,Adobe houses(primitive brick),
irrigation system were built to raise crops, ladders were use to
gain access to home, cotton was grown and woven into
clothing---cool in the heat
3. Art...Black and white pottery to store food, seeds etc--suggests permanent settlements
Kachina dolls---had human body with the head of a "god"---this
passed their religious beliefs along Sand Painting elaborate
drawing done in sand....often part of healing ceremony
4. Main staple
corn (maze)
beans and
squash...grown with
irrigation system
Plains Indians...people of the grassland biome
Nomadic
1. Environment---live in the grassland biomes
Two seasons---growing and dry season
no trees... open grasslands
Central and interior plains of US
2. Technology...Horses(brought by the Spanish) and trained to
hunt buffalo
Tepees---original mobile homes made of 3 poles and buffalo
hides
Travois---stretchers
Buffalo parts made into cooking bags(stomach) and
canteens(bladders)
3.Art....
1.Calendar robes---tell annual history of tribe
2. Feathered headdress---earned through acts of bravery
3.Porcupine quill work--- vests baskets etc.
4. Main staple----Buffalo
and prairie plants(turnips,
roots,berries)
Pemmican---jerky mixed with berries--very portable
Eastern Woodland---people of the deciduous forest
Environment--temperate climate that
experiences 4 seasons---Broad
leaf forest
Technology...
1. Wigwam...round house made of saplings covered with birch
bark
Snow shoes...used to help walk on snow
Canoes... Bark wrapped over a boat frame made of saplings
4. Misc... fish hook, spears, snares(small game)
Art..
1. Bear claw necklace and other forest animal art
2. wooden mask and pipes
3. Bark baskets and clothing
Food---Forest diet--Moose
Deer
bear
rabbit
fish
acorns
wild berries
wild rice
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Northwest Coastal Indians---people of the temperate
rainforest...
1. Environment---temperate rain forest--- moderate to
temperate---very large trees(cedar) with a lot precipitation --oceanic...
Why does area have so much precipitation?
Technology...
1. Cedar lodges with multiple families
2. Smoke houses...meat storage
3. Axes with iron blades
4. Large cedar dug out canoes
5. Wedges...to split cedar
6 Various harpoons...for fish,whales,seals
Art...
1. Carved stone...because they had iron
2. Totem poles...
3. Cedar masks
4 Cedar woven baskets,clothing,belts
Staples---food
1. Salmon
2. Marine mammals
3. Bear,deer, moose
4. Small game of forest
5. Forest plants
Time of conflict.....
Different views....
Native American---live in harmony with the land...use
resources and take only what you need while allowing
the resource to remain...Ex: taking bark off birch
trees
English settlers---land was to be controlled and tamed...you cut
down trees --- fence the land and make pastures, gardens
etc...if the Indians were not going to take dominion over the
land...move them off and use it as God intended.
European Impact on the Indians
1. Accidently exposed them to illnesses they could not deal
with...yellow fever
2. Took their land and forced them on reservations
a...usually the land had poor resources---settlers took best
topsoil etc...
b...tried to make Indians adapt to "white" ways...we put them in
"white" clothing and tried to make them farmers
c...broke up families and sent children to boarding school to
educate and make them "white"
d...took away their culture...tried to make them" white"
farmers who dressed like short hair, proper gentlemen who
went to church on Sunday.
e...we took away their personal right of movement...Indians
must stay on reservation unless they had a pass to get off...
Tragedy of the reservations
1. People were promised supplies that never came ...
people starved and lived in absolute poverty
2. Native Americans were stripped of the identity and
culture...anything Indian is bad
Reservations today...
Problems--1. High unemployment and poverty
2.High alcoholism rate
Improvements
1. Native Americans have rights of citizens...they can vote,
live anywhere, and hold any job
2. Some are bringing in money through Casinos and other
tourism industries
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