 By the end of this chapter you must be able to answer
this question and defend your answer with several
examples.
What do you think of when you see this flag?
How does it make you feel?
What does it represent?
What does the word Radical mean?
So what’s the difference???
Republican vs. Radical Republican
 Jot down some thoughts in the space provided- at least 4 lines!
 What did Republicans believe in?
 How would a Radical Republican go about the same thing?
Black Codes
Anger Congress
 Black Codes- laws put into
place to severely limit the
rights of freedmen.
 Freedmen could not vote,
own guns, or serve on juries.
Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
 Majority of white
men must swear
loyalty to the Union
before being
admitted.
 Must ratify the 13th
Amendment- abolish
slavery
 Former Confederate
officials may vote and
hold office.
Johnson and Reconstruction
 Republicans felt that Johnson’s
Reconstruction plans
encouraged black codes.
 In the South angry whites were
causing riots and damaging
freedmen’s homes and
churches.
 KKK
Stop and Think
 Jot down at least 3 lines to answer the following questions…
 What are black codes?
 Who did they impact?
 How did Andrew Johnson appear to be handling
reconstruction?
The Rise of Radicals
 Radical Republicans- republicans who wanted to ensure that
freedmen received equal rights.
 Two Main Goals of Radical Republicans
 1. break the power of wealthy planters who long ruled the South
 2. ensure that freedmen received the right to vote.
Radicals
 Passed The Civil Rights Act in
April of 1866 which gave
citizenship to blacks. (Johnson
Vetoed but Congress overrode)
 14th Amendment- It guaranteed
citizens equal protection of the
laws
 defined citizens as “all persons born or
naturalized in the United States.”
 Forbade states to deprive anyone life,
liberty, or property without due
process of law
 Radicals felt if Freedmen could
vote, they could defend their
freedoms
Radical Reconstruction Plan
 Reconstruction Act- threw out state governments that refused to ratify the
14th Amendment.
 The South was divided up into 5 military districts.
 Southerners bitterly opposed the Reconstruction Act.
Warm Up
 What does it mean when a president gets “impeached”?
In your textbook…
 Read pages 523-524 “Impeachment and a new president”
 Define impeachment.
 What is considered behavior worthy of being impeached?
 What did Johnson do in order to have charges brought against him?
 Did Johnson commit acts worthy of impeachment?
 How could this have drastically changed our presidencies for the future?
Impeachment
 In February of 1868 the House of Representatives voted to impeach
President Johnson.
 Impeach- to bring formal charges against
 2/3 of the Senate must find Johnson guilty for him to lose office
 The Senate was ONE vote shy of having Johnson impeached.
Impeachment
A New President
 Johnson served the last few months of his term.
 In 1868 Republicans elected Ulysses S. Grant for
president.
 Grant wins the presidency in a landslide!
 About 500,000 blacks voted and nearly all of them voted
for Grant.
15th Amendment
 In 1870 Congress passed the 15th Amendment which forbade any state to
deny any citizen the right to vote because of race, color, or previous
condition of servitude.
 Finally African American men over the age of 21 could vote!