AGGRESSION RESEARCH GROUP The University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research and Research Center for Group Dynamics: 65 Years of Social Science in the Public Interest L. Rowell Huesmann Director, Research Center for Group Dynamics, Institute for Social Research Amos Tversky Collegiate Professor of Psychology and Communication Studies The Institute for Social Research ISR Structure Comprised of five research centers originating over time and each with a particular social science focus, which are supported by a central administrative center Survey Research Center (1946) Research Center for Group Dynamics (1948) Population Studies Center (founded 1961, merged with ISR 1990) Center for Political Studies (1970) Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (founded 1962, unique center 1998) Center for Institute Services ISR Personnel Ph.D. Scientists & Professors 276 Faculty with Joint Appointments 160 Permanent Staff Contingent Staff 555 1,028 Total ISR Personnel 1,859 Interdisciplinarity ISR is a Bridge across U-M’s Campus Over 20 disciplines represented on our research faculty and working on our research teams Approximately 58% of our research faculty have appointments in academic departments around campus ISR is critical to the University to attract the best and brightest quantitative social scientists ISR Researchers Come from More than 20 Disciplines Ph.D. Career Tracks in ISR Research Professor Track – Research Assistant, Associate, and Full Professor Research Scientist Track – Research Investigator – Assistant, Associate, and Full Research Scientist Joint Appointments – Above plus ‘Faculty Associate’ Differential Salaries What does ‘tenure’ mean on the research tracks? Funding Sources Federal Foundation Industry & Others U-M Internal Grants 6% 7% 6% 81% ISR Funding Cumulative Awards by Fiscal Year with Stimulus Funds July August September October November December January Month February March April May June The Origins of the Institute for Social Research at the University of Michigan The Survey Research Center SRC SRC Comes to Michigan Angus Campbell & Rensis Likert 1926 Likert graduates from U of M in sociology 1939 – 45 As director of surveys for USDA Likert attracts top social scientists to work on surveys for the war effort. He is joined by Angus Campbell, Charlie Cannell, Dorwin Cartwright, George Katona, and Leslie Kish. 1946 War ends and entire group moves to U of M where Don Marquis, Robert Angell, and Ted Newcomb are located. The group becomes the Survey Research Center with Likert as the director. They are quickly joined by Bob Kahn, Dan Katz, & others Iconic Moment 1 Soon To Be ISR Researchers Help Defeat Axis and Save the USA Iconic Moment 2 “The Funding Deal” The U of M Regents established the SRC with the provision that no internal funds would be used to support it. To compensate for this they agreed that the center could keep whatever indirect costs came with its grants and contracts However, the center would have to pay rent for its space, its utility costs, and all other expenses on its own. Finally, the center would not be located administratively within any higher order unit but would report directly to the Provost as did the colleges at Michigan Iconic Moment 3 SRC Defeats Gallup Pollsters Iconic Moment 4 ISR Helps Defeat Polio The Research Center for Group Dynamics RCGD BACK TO THE FUTURE A successful individual typically sets his next goal somewhat but not too much above his last achievement. In this way he steadily raises his level of aspiration. - Kurt Lewin RCGD FOUNDERS LEON FESTINGER DOC CARTWRIGHT RON LIPPETT ALVIN ZANDER JACK FRENCH Founding of ISR ISR’s FIRST HOME JACK FRENCH, LEON FESTINGER, DOC CARTWRIGHT, & RENSIS LIKERT Feb. 1, 1949 SRC & RCGD merge to form ISR ANGUS CAMPBELL, RENSIS LIKERT, & ‘DOC’ CARTWRIGHT Administration of ISR Provost Exec VP Academic Affairs ISR Director Center Director s Research Faculty VP for Research ISR Policy Comm Center Exec Comm Advisory Role Elector Role Flow of Funding for Typical Academic Department Provost Hard Money Provost Decides Amounts Dean Dean Decides Amounts Department Chair Decides Amounts ??? Researcher Grant Indirect Costs Grants Grant Direct Costs Flow of Funding for ISR Provost Hard Money Only Special Initiatives ISR Central Admin Centers Decide Amounts $27/sq ft rent + 7% of ICR Center Centers Decide Amounts Grant Indirect Costs Grant Researcher Grant Direct Costs ISR Accumulated Assets 2011 120 Millions 100 Total Cash on hand Investment Fund Capital Assets Receivables 80 60 40 20 0 TYPE ISR Centers’ Accumulated Assets 2011 70 60 Millions 50 CPS ICPSR PSC RCGD SRC 40 30 20 10 0 Center The Survey Research Center SRC SRC’s Programs of Research SRC’s “Gold Standard” Repeating Surveys • Thomson Reuters/University of Michigan Surveys of Consumers • Monitoring the Future • American National Election Studies • Panel Study of Income Dynamics • Health and Retirement Study • Army STARRS Surveys of Consumers Monthly surveys since 1946 gauge how consumers feel the economic environment will change. Data from the Surveys of Consumers have proved to be accurate indicators of the future course of the national economy. The data are widely used by a broad range of business firms, financial institutions, and federal agencies. October 2012 Findings Consumer confidence posted record gain in October, and consumers were more confident about economic prospects in October than any other time during the last five years, according to the latest survey, which have been monitoring consumer attitudes and expectations for more than 60 years. Monitoring the Future Surveying 50,000 U.S. teens every year since 1975. 12th graders have been surveyed since 1975, 8th and 10th graders were added in 1991. Funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse as part of the National Institutes of Health, and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. NIDA Funding was recently awarded for the next five years, totaling $35 million. American National Election Studies An ANES study represents one or more interviews conducted with a sample of U.S. eligible voters during one or more interview periods, usually coinciding with U.S. elections of the House of Representatives. Begun in 1948, with support from the Social Science Research Council, as a pilot study of the national electorate. Funded by the National Science Foundation, The University of Michigan and Stanford University. Panel Study of Income Dynamics Longest running household panel study in the world begun in 1968 Examines dynamics of socioeconomic lives of Americans Currently collects data on over 22,000 Americans Replicated in numerous countries Primarily funded by NSF and NIH Transformative scientific impact With additional funding from the Russell Sage Foundation Largest project funded by Economics Program at NSF More than 3,000 peerreviewed articles have used the data Used by scholars across the country and world Large-scale longitudinal project that studies the labor force participation and health transitions that individuals undergo toward the end of their work lives and in the years that follow. Nationally representative of population 50 and older. Over 150,000 interviews with over 30,000 participants. In 2006, expanded to add biological measures, richer psychological measures, and DNA. In 2012, the genetic information from 12,500 consenting participants was added to the online genetics database of the NIH. Begun in 1990 with Congressional authorization to NIA to provide data on aging and retirement. Now the largest single U-M federally-funded project, which is supported by the National Institute on Aging and the Social Security Administration. Additional funding by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. Army Study to Assess Risks and Resilience in Service Members (STARRS) Army STARRS is the largest study of mental health risk and resilience ever conducted among military personnel. Five year study that will run through 2014. Beginning in 2004, the suicide rate among Soldiers began to rise, reaching record levels in 2007. The Army engaged the National Institute of Mental Health to help address the issue. Several Component Studies The Historical Data Study The All Army Study The New Soldier Study The Soldier Health Outcomes Study RCGD Although RCGD’s original mission – to study the dynamics of groups – has undergone a number of transformations over the past fifty years of its existence, the Center remains focused on the advancement of understanding human behavior in a societal context. The Center is really now a Center for the Study of Social Dynamics. Programs of research endeavor to explain particular aspects of the complex interdependence between the psychological life of an individual and the social system in which that person exists. THE GROUP DYNAMICS SEMINAR One of the major vehicles for interaction in the Center is the Group Dynamics Seminar. This is probably the oldest social science seminar on campus, if not the world. It has been running uninterruptedly since it was founded by Kurt Lewin in the 1920’s in Berlin. It meets every term, usually with a theme such as “Close Interpersonal Relations,” or “Economics and Social Behavior,” or “Stereotyping and Prejudice.” Group Dynamics Seminars are open to the entire University community and provide an opportunity for researchers, scholars, staff, and students to meet and learn about new and ongoing research activities. UNIVERSITY OF MICHGIGAN INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL RESEARCH RESEARCH CENTER FOR GROUP DYNAMICS Center Directors Dorwin Cartwright Alvin Zander Philip Brickman Robert B. Zajonc Richard E. Nisbett James S. Jackson L. Rowell Huesmann 1948-1958 1959-1978 1979-1982 1982-1989 1990-1995 1996-2004 2005-2012 BACK WHEN WE WERE YOUNG… Current RCGD Research Programs • Gender &Achievement Research Program • Aggression Research Program • Analysis of Pathways from Childhood to Adulthood Program • Communications Neuroscience Program • Culture, Mind & the Brain Program • Culture and the Self Program • Evolution and Human Adaptation • Gender and Achievement Research • Media Psychology Program • Program for Research on Black Americans • Program on Teaching, Learning, & Technology RCGD Website http://www.rcgd.isr.umich.edu RCGD INTERNATIONAL INITIATIVES INSTITUTE FOR SOCIAL STUDIES EXCHANGE PROGRAM Initiated by Robert Zajonc and now directed by Eugene Burnstein, RCGD supports an exchange program with the Institute for Social Studies at Warsaw University in Poland. The program is funded by the U.S. State Department and allows faculty and graduate students in Ann Arbor and Warsaw to collaborate on research as well as teach and study at each other’s institution. SUMMARY ISR and RCGD’s Continuing Goals Social Science in the Public Interest – Providing valid empirical data – Advancing social-science theory – Championing applications in the public interest Interdisciplinarity Establishing the Gold Standard for precision in measuring social phenomena Training the Next Generation of empirical social scientist around the world Partnering with institutions around the globe to develop capacity in the social sciences Pioneering data archiving and sharing Building for the Future ISR Building Wing 4 – Perspective from the West - Division Street Side