Cell
Organelles
S7L2: Cell Structure
and Function
CELL ORGANELLES
• Organelles: Structures
within a cell with special
functions.
Cell Wall (School Walls)
• Cell Wall- Strong, rigid
wall that protects the cell
and gives it shape.
– Plants cells have cell
walls; Animal cells do not.
Cell Membrane (Building
Doors)
• The outer covering of a cell.
• Used for protection and
support.
• Lets good stuff in; keeps
bad stuff out.
Cytoplasm (Air)
• A gel-like substance
found inside the cell.
• Used to support the
organelles.
Nucleus (Main Office)
• Regulates and controls
all the activities within a
cell.
• Contains chromosomes
which contain DNAhereditary material
Nuclear Membrane
• Covers and protects the
nucleus.
• Controls what enters or
leaves the nucleus.
Chloroplast (Cafeteria)
• Green organelle that makes
sugar for plants.
• Chloroplast is used in
photosynthesis.
• Contain chlorophyll- Green
pigment that captures the
sun’s light.
• Plants contain chloroplast;
animal cells do not.
Mitochondria
(Generator)
• Bean or Rod-shaped
organelle that produces
ATP (provides energy)
by performing cellular
respiration.
• The POWERHOUSE of
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
(Hallways)
• A network of passages used to
move proteins and other materials
throughout the cell.
• Comes in two types: Rough (has
ribosomes) and Smooth (does not
have ribosomes)
Ribosomes (Workers)
• Tiny organelles that are
used to make proteins.
• Some float throughout
the cytoplasm, others are
stuck to the rough
endoplasmic reticulum.
Golgi
Body/Complex/Apparatus
(Packaging Center/Mail
Room)
• This large organelle modifies and
packages proteins.
• It is the “Packaging” center for the
cell.
Vacuoles (Lockers)
• Organelles that are used
for storage.
• Vacuoles store food,
water and waste.
Lysosomes
(Custodians)
• Small round organelles
that contain digestive
chemicals.
• Used to break down
food, waste and dying
organelles.
Nucleus Chloroplast
Mitochondria
Roug
h ER
Smooth
ER
Ribosomes
Organelles
Golgi
Body
Vacuoles
Lysosomes
From Cell to
Organism
• Groups of cells combine
to form tissues.
• Groups of tissue
combine to form organs.
From Cell to
Organism (Cont)
• Groups of organs
combine to form organ
systems.
• Groups of organ systems
combine to form an
organism.
Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ
System
s