Topic: Functional Grp # 2: Alcohol
Do Now: Identify the bases out of the following
1. CH3OH
2. NaOH
3. C2H5OH
4. KOH
5. Mg(OH)2
Alcohols
• OH group replaces H in hydrocarbon
• OH group called: hydroxyl group
OH
CH4
CH3OH
• General Formula Alcohols:
ROH
• R represents entire hydrocarbon part of
molecule
• OH is hydroxyl group
Properties of Alcohols
• Contain: H bonded to O atom
– Hydrogen Bonding = stronger IMF
• Alcohols: higher bp than corresponding alkane
• The bigger the molecule the higher the
• ‘Like dissolves Like’
– Alcohols tend to be very soluble in water
• Non-electrolytes
vs
Which compound has the
highest boiling point?
A.
B.
C.
D.
CH4
C 2H 6
C 3H 8
C3H7OH
Correct response = D
Naming AlcohOLs
• Based on alkane name
• Name parent chain
– drop –e ending & add –ol
• If parent chain has 3 or more C’s, # which C
OH group(s) attached to
• OH should be on lowest numbered Carbon
Naming
1-Butanol
2-Butanol
Note: Never more than one OH group per C
More than 1 hydroxyl group
• Prefixes di-, tri-, tetra– used before -ol ending
– tell # of hydroxyl groups
1,3 butanediol
2,3 butanediol
Classifying Alcohols
–Monohydroxy: 1 hydroxyl group
–Dihydroxy:
2 OH groups
–Trihydroxy:
3 OH groups
Monohydroxy Alcohols are referred to
as Primary, Secondary, Or Tertiary
H
H
H
Alcohol
Alcohol
Alcohol
- OH is
- OH is attached - OH is attached
attached to
C with 2 C
C with 3 C
end Carbon
attached
attached
Monohydoxyl Alcohols –
Primary, Secondary or Tertiary?
HOW ABOUT THIS ONE?
PRIMARY, SECONDARY OR TERTIARY?
How would you name it?
Name the following