和航貿易企業有限公司
冷凍乾燥機
---教育訓練--報告人：陳宜萱
課程內容
第一節 冷凍乾燥機
設計理論
第二節 冷凍乾燥機
實際操作
冷凍乾燥機設計理論
Definition
Purpose
Process
Definition
Lyophilization is another word for freeze drying derived
from the Greek words “solvent-loving.” Lyophilized
material is easily rehydrated.
Freeze Drying is the process of removing moisture from a
frozen product using vacuum.
Definition
Sublimation is the freeze drying process in which
solvents, such as water, pass directly from the solid
to the vapor state.
The rate of sublimation is dependent on
temperature and pressure.
Purpose
Freeze Drying preserves the
integrity of the product’s
biological and chemical
structure and activity.
Process
Prefreezing
Primary Drying
Secondary Drying
Pre-freezing
Slant Freezing
Gives more surface area
to decrease freeze dry time.
Preferred method.
Stub Freezing
Limited surface area.
Not the preferred method
to pre-freeze.
Pre-freezing
Shell Freezing
Increases the surface area to volume ratio by
spreading out the frozen product inside the
vessel.
Primary Drying
Process Requires:
Prefrozen sample.
Temperature difference between sample and
collector establishes a vapor pressure
differential.(collector should be 15-20° colder than
the sample.
Heat applied to the sample.
High vacuum.
Primary Drying
Cross Section View of Valve and Flask
Frozen
Sample
Water
Vapor
Heat
Heat
Primary Drying
A Vacuum Pump encourages the free flow of water
molecules from the product by evacuating the
environment around the product. It removes noncondensable gases.
•
Minimum Requirement - .133 mBr
Endpoint Determination
The endpoint of primary drying can be determined by:
Visual inspection. (cake or powder)
Measurement of condensable gasses via vacuum gauge.
Product temperature or weight.
Secondary Drying
The process of reducing the
7- 8% residual moisture
content still present in the
visually dry sample.
Secondary Drying
Isothermal desorption is the
removal of bound water from a
sample. Requires a temperature
higher than ambient and 1/3-1/2
the time necessary for primary
drying.
Bulk Tray Dryer
An economical alternative to the
Stoppering Tray Dryer when
stoppering under a vacuum is not
required.
Lyophilize bulk samples such as
soil, liquids or plant materials.
Bulk Tray Dryer
3 large shelves for bulk trays or
batches of serum bottles, vials or
ampules.
200-watt heater on each shelf
heats from –20° C* to 60° C.
LCD display of set point and
temperature (C°) for each shelf.
*Shelves are not cooled by the Bulk Tray Dryer.
The only cooling is from the frozen sample.
Bulk Tray Dryer
Vacuum release valve allows
user to open the door.
Option to purchase with or
without six-port support shelf
Option to purchase two additional
heated shelves
Bulk Tray Dryer Accessories
Support Shelf with valves installed provides
flexibility to connect flasks and other freeze dry
glassware. It also elevates Tray Dryer above
work surface of Freeze Dry System to allow
unobstructed access to the collector.
Left: Heated Shelf With
Sensor
Right: Stainless Steel Bulk
Tray
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