A View of the Cell
Life is Cellular
Discovering the Cell

Robert Hooke
– used a microscope
to study cork
– coined the
term “cell”

Anton van Leeuwenhoek
– first person to discovered life in
water using a microscope
I. Introduction to the Cell
A. Cell Theory
–
All organisms are made up
of one or more cells.
–
Cells are the basic unit of
structure & function in organisms.
–
All cells come from preexisting cells.
B. Cells differ in size, shape, & organization.
–
Cell Size
 Small cells function more efficiently
than large cells. Smaller is BETTER!
 Large cells cannot function efficiently
in the transport of materials & waste
into and out of the cell.
B. Cells differ in size, shape, & organization.
–
Cell Shape
 The shape of cell depends on its function.
C. Internal Organization
–
Most cells contain a variety of membrane
bound ORGANELLES - cell parts that
perform specific functions for the cell
–
A Large Organelle near the center of the
cell is the NUCLEUS. It contains the cell’s
genetic information and controls the
activities of the cell.
–
Whether a cell has or does not have a
NUCLEUS is important for classifying
cells.
II. Prokaryotes Vs. Eukaryotes

EUKARYOTES
– ORGANISMS WHOSE CELL OR CELLS
CONTAIN A NUCLEUS AND OTHER
MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES.
– MORE COMPLEX
– CAN BE HIGHLY SPECIALIZED
– UNICELLULAR OR MULTICELLULAR
– PLANTS, ANIMALS, FUNGI, PROTISTS
Prokaryotes Vs. Eukaryotes

PROKARYOTES
– ORGANISMS WHOSE CELLS DO NOT
HAVE A NUCLEUS AND OTHER
MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES.
– SMALLER AND SIMPLER
– UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS SUCH AS
BACTERIA AND BLUE-GREEN ALGAE

The difference between Prokaryotes and
Eukaryotes is such an important distinction
that they are placed in separate Kingdoms.
Cell Structure (concept map)
Cells
can
be
prokaryotic
which are
known as
eukaryotic
which
lack
which
are
found in
which
contain
plants
protists
bacteria
animals
organelles
fungi
WRAP-UP QUESTIONS





What is the smallest most basic unit of life?
Where is DNA in eukaryotes?
…prokaryotes?
Why would you need a microscope to see a
prokaryotic organism?
What are the 3 parts of the cell theory?
Where do viruses fit in the cell theory?
Viruses
Virology - study of viruses
Viral Characteristics
 Non
 Not
living
made up of cells
 Cannot grow or replicate on their own
 Must be reproduced in living cells