Reconstruction
Standard 3.3
How can Northern
resources help the South?
Will they?
In what ways can the
South rebuild its economy?
What can the Government
do to assist African
Americans?
HOW IS RECONSTRUCTION GOING TO
WORK?
Abraham Lincoln’s plan

Ten Percent Plan:
Government would
pardon all confederate
states if 10% of the
voters in the 1860
election took this oath
of allegiance.
Andrew Johnson’s plan
*Excludes Confederate
leaders & wealthy
landowners
•Congress rejects new
Southern govts. and
congressmen
Radical Republicans think
these plans are too lenient
PRESIDENTIAL RECONSTRUCTION
 Radical
Republicans- led by
Thaddeus Stevens of Penn. and Charles
Sumner of Mass.- wanted to destroy all
political power of former slaveholders
 Expected full rights to be given to
freedmen
 Congress passes the Wade-Davis billthat Congress should be over Reconst. Lincoln vetoes- power struggle betw.
Pres. and Congress
 Lincoln
dies- April 1865
 Johnson’s
plan does nothing to solve
problems of landowning, voting and
protection of the freed slaves
 Johnson
pardoned Confederate leadersmany of the same people were elected
 Congress
convenes and refuses to seat the
new southern representatives
CONGRESSIONAL RECONSTRUCTION
Congressional Reconstruction
 Reconstruction
Act of 1867 divides
Confederacy into districts-troops
stationed in each
 Fourteenth
Amendment grants full
citizenship to African Americans
 Freedmen’s Bureau provides social
services, medical care, education to
Southern blacks and poor whites
MILITARY DISTRICTS
Military Districts
 Southern
states passed Black
Codes - laws that limited southern
blacks politically, socially and
economically- no blacks on juriescan’t carry guns, no travel without
permits, etc.
JOHNSON IS
IMPEACHED!
 Johnson
is impeached- he fired Sec. of
War Stanton and broke the Tenure of
Office Act
Real reason for impeachment:
 b/c he did not enforce reconstruction laws
in the South
 Ulysses
S. Grant (Union general) is
elected president in 1868 and
received 90% of African-American
votes
 Fifteenth Amendment: African
Americans are granted suffrage
CHANGES FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS
Hiram Revels: is first black senator (Miss.)
 Sharecropping: a family would farm a portion
of someone’s land in exchange for housing and a
share of the crop.
 Tenant Farming: families would rent the land
and farm it.
 Ku Klux Klan: Southern group which formed
during reconstruction and became a violent
terrorist organization.


Wanted to restore white supremacy
Sharecropping
in Arkansas
Included both
freed slaves
and poor whites
Farmed the
land in
exchange for
part of the crop
and housing
Ku Klux
Klan
meeting
Known for cross
burning and violence
towards African
Americans
Developed during
Reconstruction in the
South
SOUTHERN BITTERNESS
 Carpetbaggers:
Northerners who
migrated South for business.
Southerners saw these
carpetbaggers as taking advantage
of them.
 Scalawags: Southerners who
supported reconstruction
DEMOCRATS REDEEM THE SOUTH
 *1876 Rutherford B. Hayes
Republican) is elected president (over
Samuel J. Tilden)- election was
questioned
 The Compromise of 1877 – struck
deal election Hayes and ending
Reconstruction
 Southern state governments redeem their
power in the South and reconstruction
ends (Redemption Governments)
Jim Crow laws kept the races
separate by segregating facilities
– Plessy v. Ferguson said
separation of the races is legal as
long as the facilities are equal
Literacy tests, poll taxes and
the Grandfather clause keep
African Americans from voting
END OF RECONSTRUCTION