Unit 2 Review:
Civil Liberties and
Civil Rights
Meredith Orr
Kaitlyn Tharp
Period 6
Civil Liberties
 Personal
liberties and freedoms that people
are born with and the government cannot
restrict.
 Civil liberties are protected by the United
State’s Constitution and the Bill of Rights
Civil Rights
 Civil
Rights are Civil Liberties that are
ensured through legislation.
 Civil Rights are provided by the United State’s
Constitution and the Bill of Rights
Bill of Rights
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First 10 amendments to the US Constitution
Intended to limit the federal government, not state governments
1. Freedom of speech, religion, press, protest
2. Right to bear arms
3. No quartering of soldiers in ones home
4. No unreasonable search and seizure
5. Provides due process under the law
6. Right to a jury trial for criminal cases
7. Right to a jury in federal civil cases
8. Forbids excessive bail
9. Not all rights of the people are listed in the Bill of Rights
10. Rights not given to the federal government or prohibited for the states are
given to the states
Other Important Amendments
 14th
Amendment
- Says that people born in the US are citizens, all citizens have
equal rights, all citizens are given “life, liberty, and the pursuit of
happiness” under “due process” of the law, and all people have
equal protection under the law
- Due Process Clause: One of the most highly contested and
litigated pieces of test, the Due Process Clause caused the
incorporation of the Bill of Rights to the states. Up until the
ratification of the 14th, the states could decide to not enforce the
liberties given in the Bill of Rights. Was the center idea of many
Supreme Court cases including, Roe V. Wade, Bush V. Gore, and
the Slaughterhouse Cases.
Other Important Amendments (Cont.)
 15th
-
Amendment
Provided the right to vote to male US citizens,
regardless of race.
 19th
Amendment
- Provided the right for women to vote in US
elections.
Civil Rights in Practice
 The
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Struggle for Racial Equality
Civil Liberties played an important role in the
movement towards racial equality in the US.
Cases such as Dred Scott V. Sandford, Brown
V. Board of Education, or the Civil Rights act
of 1964 would not have been as influential or
even been able to reach the Supreme Court
without the civil liberties provided through
the amendments to the US Constitution.
Civil Rights in Practice (Cont.)
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The American Suffrage
The voting rights provided in the amendments of
the United States Constitution were so influential
in bridging the gap in racial and gender equality
because they gave equal political power, a power
traditionally reserved for white males.
The 15th Amendment, the 19th Amendment and the
Voting Rights Act of 1965 provided the legislation
to ensure the civil liberties were being protected
for everyone.
Now Quiz yourself Over
American Court
Cases
Which court case was this?
Barron was an owner of a whart in Baltimore
harbor, as the city expanded, sand
accumulated in the harbor and deprived
Barron of the deep waters essential to his
business. So Barron Demanded
Compensation from the State!
Barron VS Baltimore
 Result:
Supreme court does not have
jurisdiction, because the 5th amendment
only covers national government, not
state’s eminent domain.
Which court case was this?
 Reynolds
challenged the anti-bigamy law
by taking another wife in Utah and was
convicted.
Reynolds VS United States
 Ante-bigamy
statue does not violate the
1st amendment (freedom of religion)
because statue may punish with out
regard to their religion.
Which court case was this?
 Trains
were segregated between whites
and blacks, and a 1/8 black man, Plessy
sat in the white train car and was
arrested.
Plessy VS Ferguson
 “Separate
but equal” clause.
Which court case was this?
 Schenk
sent out notices encouraging men
to peacefully protest the draft. Scheck
was convicted for violating Espionage
Act.
Schenk VS United States
 Schenk's
actions are not protect under
the 1st Amendment (Freedom of speech).
His actions represented danger and fight
against America.
Which court case was this?
 Gitlow
publishes a manifesto advocating
socialism.
Gitlow VS New York
Supreme court ruled arresting him is a
violation of free speech but if it leads to
dangerous actions, then legislative branch
can decide.
Which court case was this?
 Black
kids were denied admittance to an
all white public school
Brown VS Board of Education
 “Separate
but equal” in public education
maintained inequality.
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This overturned Plessy VS Ferguson
Public Schools must get rid of Segregation
Which court case was this?
 Porn
was obtained illegally from Mapp’s
home, police then tried to use it in a
criminal possessing.
Mapp VS Ohio
 Supreme
Court ruled that any evidence
illegally obtained may not be used in a
state court.
 Exclusionary rule- Incorporation of 4th
Amendment.
Which court case was this?
 Non-denominational
prayer was
authorized to be said the start of the day
at public schools.
Engel VS Vitale
 Violated
1st Amendment
 Prayer was taken out of public Schools
Which court case was this?
 Gideon
was charged with breaking and
entering in Florida. Gideon could not
afford an attorney, and the state said
they could only appoint attorneys for
capital offenses.
Gideon VS Wain Wright
 Supreme
Court ruled Gideon had the
right to an attorney through bills of rights.
 Lawyers were necessities to 6th
amendment
 Due process 14th and 15th amendment
Which court case was this?
 Mrs.
Griswold gave birth control to marries
couples that wanted it.
Griswold VS Connecticut
 Marital
couples have the right to privacy
implies by the Bill of Rights.
 1st, 3rd, 4th, 8th, and 14th amendment.
Which court case was this?
 Miranda
raped a woman, confessed to it
after not being informed the right to self
incriminate.
Miranda VS Arizona
 Court
can not use any statements
obtained with out giving Miranda Rights
 5th and 6th Amendments
Which court case was this?
 Kids
wore arm bands to school to protest
against the Vietnam war and suspended
for refusing to remove the arm bands.
Tinker VS Des Moines
 Symbolic
speech was protected under 1st
amendment.
Which court case was this?
2
state states gave funds to private
schools.
Lemon VS Kurtzman
 Violated
religion.
1st Amendment, freedom of
Which court case was this?
 Roe
wanted the right for abortions in the
state of Texas
Roe VS Wade
 Right
to abortion is under right to privacy
in Bill of Rights.
Which court case was this?
 Johnson
burned USA flag infront of city
hall to protest and was arrested.
Texas VS Johnson
 Protected
under the 1st Amendment.
Which court case was this?
Which court case was this?
 Person
applied to university of Michigan
Law School, and was not accepted
because they wanted diversity and she
was white.
Grutter VS Bollinger
 Race
can not be a factor in determining
admission
Which court case was this?

In cases of libel or slander, public figures
must prove that the author had
"knowledge of falsity and reckless
disregard for the truth."
New York VS Sullivan
 Established
the "actual malice" standard
 Protected under the 1st Amendment and
freedom of Press.
Which Court Case was this?
 Banned
use of illegal drugs in religious
ceremony.
Oregon VS Smith
 Ruled
government can act when religious
practices violate criminal laws.
Which Court Case was this?
 ruling
that "obscenity is not within the area
of constitutionally protected speech or
press."
Roth VS United States
 Obscenity
speech
is not covered at freedom of
Which Court Case was this?
 Exclusionary
rule was established because
of this case.
 Evidence obtained in violation of 4th
amendment can not be used in trial of
federal level.
Weeks VS United States
NOW YOU
ARE READY
FOR YOUR
TEST!!