Earliest
Americans came
from land bridge
over the Bering
Straits
Estimates say by
1492 were 54
million people in
the Americas!!
I CAN EXPLAIN THE MOVEMENT OF NATIVE PEOPLES TO THE AMERICAS
I CAN IDENTIFY THE THREE MAJOR NATIVE CIVILIZATIONS IN THE AMERICA’S
Corn
planting
allowed
civilization
of the North
American
continent
MAJOR CIVILIZATIONS
•
--American Southwest
-Ohio River
Valley
-present day NY
I CAN IDENTIFY THE THREE MAJOR NATIVE CIVILIZATIONS IN THE
Developed
the Iroquois
Confederacy
Located in
present day New
York area
Led by leader Hiawatha
I CAN DESCRIBE THE IROQUOIS CONFEDERACY
Early discoverers of the
Americas included the
Norsemen from Scandinavia
Most famous Viking
explorer was Leif Ericson
Settled in area presently known
as Newfoundland, but they
called it Vinland
I CAN EXPLAIN THE IMPACT OF THE NORSEMEN ON AMERICAN HISTORY
Christian Crusades created a
taste for Asian goods
The Renaissance--means a
rebirth of learning. Peak
was 1400s
Marco Polo (Prince of Liars) went
to China and stayed for 20 years
and told of coals, silk, and
fireworks
I CAN LIST 3 THINGS THAT ENCOURAGED EXPLORATION
Traveled to the tip of
Africa
PORTUGAL first
country to encourage
trading and
exploration and
spurred on by Prince
Henry the Navigator
Traveled around the
southern tip of Africa
I CAN EXPLAIN PORTUGUESE EXPLORATION AND ITS EFFECTS
Authorized the
Pope to divide
the New World
with the Line of
Demarcation
Spain
Eastern half
went to
Portugal
Western half
went to
Spain
Portugal
I CAN IDENTIFY THE IMPORTANCE OF THE TREATY OF TORDESILLAS
Sponsored
Christopher
Columbus in 1492
Leaders of Spain that united Spain with
good leadership and money
I CAN IDENTIFY THE IMPACT OF FERDINAND AND ISABELLA OF SPAIN
Sponsored by Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain
Landed in San Salvador and
mistakenly called the natives
Indians and because of this
the Bahamas becomes
known as the West Indies
Traveled with 3 ships: Nina, Pinta, and
Santa Maria
I CAN ASSESS THE IMPACT OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS ON THE NEW WORLD
What does this drawing show? Look
at the background, what symbols are
present? How are the Indians
perceived in this picture? What
changes in relations between
Europeans and Indians do you think
will take place?
???????????????????????????
What does the picture and caption tell
you? Do you think the Spanish were
helping Native Americans? What are
some ironies/paradoxes you notice
based on this picture? How much of a
motive was religion in the brutality of
the conquest of the Americas?
Columbian Exchange or the transfer of goods involved 3
continents, Americas, Europe and Africa
* Squash
* Turkey
* Cocoa
* Peanut
* Avocado
* Pumpkin
* Pineapple
* Tomato
* Olive
* Onion
* Grape
* Citrus Fruits
* Cattle
* Flu
* Diphtheria
* Peppers
* Tobacco
* Cassava
* Vanilla
* Sweet Potatoes
* Quinine
* POTATO
* MAIZE
* Syphilis
* Coffee Beans * Banana
* Turnip
* Honeybee
* Peach
* Sugar Cane
* Pear
* Wheat
* Sheep
* Pig
* Typhus
* Measles
* Whooping Cough
* Rice
* Barley
* Oats
* HORSE
* Smallpox
* Malaria
I CAN IDENTIFY THE BACKGROUND AND GOODS OF THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE
1. Balboa
2. Ferdinand
Magellan
3. Ponce de
Leon
4. Coronado
5. Hernando de
Soto
6. Pizzaro
7. Hernando
Cortes
I CAN LIST AND IDENTIFY THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SPANISH CONQUISTADORES
Spanish
conqueror
who first saw
the Pacific
Ocean
Named it the
South Sea
I CAN LIST AND IDENTIFY THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SPANISH CONQUISTADORES
Killed by natives in the Philippines
I CAN LIST AND IDENTIFY THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SPANISH CONQUISTADORES
While looking for
gold and silver and
the “fountain of
youth” he
discovered Florida
I CAN LIST AND IDENTIFY THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SPANISH CONQUISTADORES
Heard of the “7 Cities
of Gold”
Discovered the Grand
Canyon
I CAN LIST AND IDENTIFY THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SPANISH CONQUISTADORES
1st to find the Mississippi River and
nicknamed it the “Father of Waters”
I CAN LIST AND IDENTIFY THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SPANISH CONQUISTADORES
Conquered the Inca’s in
Peru
I CAN LIST AND IDENTIFY THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SPANISH CONQUISTADORES
“Governor Pizarro now sent Friar Vicente de
Valverde to go speak to Atahuallpa, and to
require Atahuallpa in the name of God and of
the King of Spain that Atahuallpa subject
himself to the law of our Lord Jesus Christ and
to the service of His Majesty the King of Spain.
Advancing with a cross in one hand and the
Bible in the other hand, and going among the
Indian troops up to the place where Atahuallpa
was, the Friar thus addressed him: ‘I am a
Priest of God, and I teach Christians the things
of God, and in like manner I come to teach
you. What I teach is that which God says to us
in this Book. Therefore, on the part of God
and of the Christians, I beseech you to be their
friend, for such is God’s will, and it will be for
your good.’
“Atahuallpa asked for the Book, that he might
look at it, and the Friar gave it to him closed.
Atahuallpa did not know how to open the
Book, and the Friar was extending his arm to
do so, when Atahuallpa, in great anger, gave
him a blow on the arm, not wishing that it
should be opened. Then he opened it himself,
and, without any astonishment at the letters
and paper he threw it away from him five or
six paces, his face a deep crimson.
“The Friar returned to Pizarro, shouting, ‘Come
out! Come out, Christians! Come at these
enemy dogs who reject the things of God.
That tyrant has thrown my book of Holy Law to
the ground! Did you not see what happened?!
Why remain polite and servile toward this
over-proud dog when the plains are full of
Indians? March out against him, for I absolve
you
“The Friar returned to Pizarro, shouting, ‘Come
out! Come out, Christians! Come at these
enemy dogs who reject the things of God.
That tyrant has thrown my book of Holy Law to
the ground! Did you not see what happened?!
Why remain polite and servile toward this
over-proud dog when the plains are full of
Indians? March out against him, for I absolve
you!”
Conquered
the Aztecs of
Mexico
I CAN LIST AND IDENTIFY THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SPANISH CONQUISTADORES
Aztec leader
when the
Spanish
arrived
Tenochtitlan-Aztec capital, today
it is called Mexico
City
System of forced labor the
Spanish forced brutally upon
the Native Americans
I CAN DESCRIBE THE ENCOMIENDA SYSTEM
First permanent
Spanish settlement in
the United States
I CAN IDENTIFY THE FIRST MAJOR SPANISH SETTLEMENT IN NORTH AMERICA
Misconception that all
the Spanish did was rob,
rape, and kill the
Natives
In reality, they clothed, educated,
married, converted Natives
I CAN DESCRIBE THE IDEA OF THE “BLACK LEGEND”
Conquistador
who abused
and conquered
the Pueblo
Indians in New
Mexico
I CAN LIST AND IDENTIFY THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SPANISH CONQUISTADORES
Conquistador who discovered the coast of
California
I CAN LIST AND IDENTIFY THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SPANISH CONQUISTADORES