Today’s agenda
1.Peer Tutoring
a. Post assessment – Pressure, Air Pressure,
Altitude, Density, Atmosphere, Weather)
.
B. Pre assessment – Troposphere, Stratosphere,
Mesosphere, Thermosphere, Ionosphere, Exosphere)
2. Notes taking from PowerPoint (Layers of the
Atmosphere)
http://www.timeanddate.com/eclipse/lunar/2014-october-8
Q1. Why do we see the red color of the moon
during Lunar Eclipse?
A. All the light from the sun is blocked by the
earth. The earth has an atmosphere. The light
when escapes from Earth’s atmosphere bends
and orange/red light bends the most.
The Atmosphere
Q2. What are the properties of air?
Ans. 1. Air has mass.
2. Air occupies space, or has volume.
3. Air has density.
4. Air exerts pressure.
Composition of the
Atmosphere
• Nitrogen makes up
80% of our
atmosphere
• Oxygen makes up
21%
• Argon makes up
almost 1%
• All other gases have
only trace amounts
Atmospheric Pressure
– The atmosphere exerts pressure on
the Earth that decreases with
increasing altitude
• This is due to the fact that with
increasing altitude, there is a
decrease in the column of gases
above the Earth’s surface
• At greater
altitudes, the
same volume
contains fewer
molecules of
the gases that
make up the
air. This means
that the
density of air
decreases with
increasing
altitude.
Trace elements/compounds
• Carbon dioxide: plants use to produce
food. Plants take in CO2 and give off
oxygen as a waste product.
• Animals take in oxygen to make energy
and give off CO2 as a waste product.
• Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) give
off CO2 when they are burned. Rising
CO2 levels can cause global warming.
Water Vapor
• Water Vapor is water in the form of a
gas.
• It is invisible, not the same thing as
steam. Steam is water vapor
condensing back into a liquid.
• The amount of water vapor in the air
varies, from 0% in an arid environment,
to 5% in tropical rain forests.
Ozone
• Ozone is a molecule of oxygen with 3
oxygen atoms instead of 2.
• Often formed when lightning interacts
with oxygen in the air.
• Forms a layer in the atmosphere that
absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the
sun. Without this layer life might not
be possible on the surface of the planet.
What is the atmosphere?
• The layer of gases that surrounds our planet.
• Weather is the condition of the atmosphere
at a certain place and time.
• Our atmosphere makes life possible on our
planet.
• Provides us with oxygen.
• Keeps surface warm so water can exist as a
liquid.
• Protects the surface from dangerous
radiation from the sun.
Layers of Atmosphere
video
• http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/
jams/science/weather-and-climate/earthsatmosphere.htm
Why is the atmosphere
divided into four layers?
Temperature variations in the four layers
are due to the way solar energy is
absorbed as it moves downward through
the atmosphere.
The boundaries between each layer are
known as the pauses. The tropopause,
stratopause, and mesopause mark the
increase or decrease in temperature.
Troposphere
• Troposphere – “ Tropo” means changing
or turning
• As altitude increases, temperature
decreases.
• -60 degrees Celsius at the boundary of
Troposphere.
Stratosphere
• “Strato” means layer or spread out
• Has ozone ( three atom oxygen ) layer –
protects the earth from harmful UV
radiation coming from the sun
• As altitude increases the temperature
increases
Mesosphere
• “Meso” means middle
• Meteor showers happens in this layer
• As altitude increases the temperature
decreases to – 90 degrees Celsius
Thermosphere
• “Thermo” means heat
• Outermost layer which blends with outer
space
• Very hot temperatures (1800 degrees
Celsius )
Two layers of Thermosphere
• Lower layer – Ionosphere
• Auroras happens here
• Upper layer – Exosphere
• Satellites are stationed here.
• The
structure of
the
atmosphere
based on
temperature
differences.
Note that the
"pauses" are
actually not
lines, but are
broad regions
that merge.
Rap
• http://www.watchknowlearn.org/Video.asp
x?VideoID=26842