GCSE LEVEL PE
Lesson 15
A healthy active lifestyle and your muscular system
Short term responses and long term adaptations as a result of
exercise
Muscular System 2
CONNECTOR
 Review
the muscles and movements created
by the muscles with your partner.
 Give
 Do
sporting examples of the movements.
not refer to last weeks work unless
necessary.
KEY WORDS
Aerobic energy
 Anaerobic energy
 Lactic acid
 Isotonic contractions
 Isometric contractions
 Muscular hypertrophy

BIG PICTURE
 You
will learn about the adaptations and
responses that regular exercise has on the
muscular system.
 You
will be able to explain how these
responses and adaptations will effect
performers in a variety of sports.
LESSON OUTCOMES
All students will be able to correctly identify the
three immediate responses of the muscular system
as a result of exercise.
 Most students will be able to explain these
responses and make reference to a variety of sports
and the fuel used and by products produced.
 All students will be able to identify the long term
adaptations that occur in the muscular system as a
result of regular exercise.
 Most students will be able to explain in detail why
these adaptations take place and how they can
benefit a range of sport performers in a variety of
sports.

TASK

Read through page 143.
What are the 3 immediate responses to exercise of
the muscular system?
 Write a paragraph to explain why each of these
occurs.



Write down the definitions for isometric and
isotonic contractions.
Complete the table on the worksheet giving two
sporting examples.
IMMEDIATE AND SHORT TERM
RESPONSES OF EXERCISE ON THE
MUSCULAR SYSTEM


How the body produces the energy needed to
exercise.
FUEL
WASTE PRODUCT
Anaerobic Energy – without oxygen (0 – 120secs)
Glucose = ENERGY + lactic acid

Aerobic Energy – with oxygen
Glucose (or fat) + O2 = CO2 + ENERGY
IMMEDIATE AND SHORT TERM
RESPONSES OF EXERCISE ON THE
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
1.
Increased fuel / energy demands
2.
Lactic acid
3.
Muscle Fatigue

With your partner identify and explain why
these immediate responses take place.
LONG TERM ADAPTATIONS OF
EXERCISE ON THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM

What are the long term adaptations on the
muscular system?
1.
Muscle Hypertrophy

Read page 144.

Describe in your own words muscle
hypertrophy.
FROM A-LEVEL PE – INFORMATION
ONLY
HOW A MUSCLE CONTRACTS

Image
Sliding Filament Theory 1
 Sliding Filament Theory 2

TASK

Describe in your own words muscle hypertrophy.

Key Points





Exercise using the principle of training overload
causes muscle fibres to work harder than usual
causing them trauma
This causes tiny tears in the muscle fibres
Tears are rebuilt using bridges that repairs the tear
and makes it stronger
The repair process takes upto 48 hours
Rest is important to allow the muscles time to fully
recover.
LONG TERM ADAPTATIONS OF
EXERCISE ON THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
As a result of muscle hypertrophy
Increased muscular strength & endurance
Increased muscular strength improves
muscular power
Improved muscle tone
Improved posture
Stronger tendons
Stronger ligaments
Increase bone strength
REVIEW


With your partner;
Identify the 3 short-term responses to exercise of
the muscular system


Explain why they occur
Identify the long-term adaptation to exercise of
the muscular system

Explain the advantages that this has on the body.