Westward
Expansion and
Slavery
Copy words in YELLOW
New Leaders
• 1789- Washington elected pres.
–During this time govt. is being
perfected
–Territory disputes
• 1796- John Adams elected 2nd pres.
–Many debates over state’s rights
• 1800- Thomas Jefferson became the
3rd President after tie vote!
North America
• US owned land east of Mississippi River
• Spain owned Louisiana Territory and
closed the port of New Orleans
• They secretly gave the land to French
leader Napoleon who planned to
colonize Am.
A Deal Is Made
• Western farmers were upset because
they could not trade goods
• Jefferson offered to buy New Orleans
from France.
• Since France is planning to go to war
with Britain, Napoleon needs money
• Napoleon offers Jefferson the whole
territory!
Louisiana Purchase
• Napoleon sold the Louisiana Territory
for $15 million= Louisiana Purchase
• The US doubled in size (Mississippi
River- Rocky Mountains).
• Britain owned land in Canada and
Spain owned most land west of
Louisiana and Florida
A Nation of Tension
• 1804- Jefferson orders exploration of
the West.
• 1808- Slave trading from Africa
ended, but slave births more than
doubled
• During war with France, the British
navy was seizing American ships
A Nation of Tension Cont.
• British were also aiding Indians in
fighting for territory
• US declares war on Britain in 1812= War
of 1812
• 1814- Treaty of Ghent ends the war.
There was no clear winner and no land
was exchanged.
The Growing Nation
• Britain and the US still disagreed about who owned
waterways in the North and agree to meet.
– Convention of 1818 set the border between the
US and Britain at the 49th parallel.
• Many Americans wanted to settle in Florida.
– 1819- John Quincy Adams (Secretary of State)
signs treaty with Spanish Diplomat, Luis de
Onis, called the Adams-Onis Treaty.
– Florida becomes a part of the US, and Spain
gains present Texas.
New States and
the Slavery Debate
• New land meant settlers were moving and
forming new territories
• Many sections of the country had different
interests and believed their interests were
most important= sectionalism
• Sectionalism became a big issue when
Missouri applied for statehood in 1819
Missouri Compromise
• There were currently 11 slave states and 11 free
states in Senate.
• Southerners feared northerners would ban
slavery
• Northern members of the House of
Representatives proposed admitting Missouri
as a slave state with restrictions.
• Henry Clay proposed the Missouri
Compromise.
Provisions of the
Missouri Compromise
• Missouri would enter the Union as a slave
state.
• Maine would enter the Union as a free
state.
• Slavery would be prohibited in any new
territories or states formed north of the
36’30’ latitude - Missouri’s southern
border= invisible Missouri Compromise
Line
Map Activity 2 (Pg. 382)
On the map in front of you:
1. Label the free states and free
territories in 1820 and color them
orange.
2. Label the slave states and slave
territories in 1820 and color them
blue.
3. Draw in the Missouri Compromise
Line and the 49th Parallel in dark
black and label them.
Map Activity Cont.
1. Label the 2 territories claimed by Britain
and the Us and color them red.
2. Color the remaining Louisiana Territory
brown and label it “closed to slavery.
3. Color the Arkansas Territory green and
label it “open to slavery”
4. Label the Spanish Territory and color it
yellow.