Blue cards
By Tyler jetton
1607
Year in which representatives of the Virginia
Company of London established the first
permanent English settlement in North America
at
Jamestown, Virginia
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
First written constitution in the colonies;
document that people had the right to elect
governors, judges, and a legislature. Was
written by the people; the fact that it was
written down gave the document credibility.
Mayflower Compact
Written in 1620 by male Pilgrims on the
Mayflower. Created government where none
had existed based on majority rule. A social
contract where all agreed to abide by these
rules in the colonies
Mercantilism
Economic theory in which a nation’s wealth is
based on the amount of revenue is generated
from its colonies.The more gold and silver a
nation has determine its
wealth
Slave Trade
System of agricultural production based on large
scale landownership; depended upon slave
labor; Assisted in the development of an
agrarian society in the South
Triangular Trade Route
• Trade route from:
Europe→Africa
Africa→West Indies
West Indies→Europe
Plantation System
• System of agricultural production based on
large scale landownership; depended upon
slave labor; Assisted in the development of an
agrarian society
• in the South
House of Burgesses
• First elected body of representatives in the
American colonies; met in Williamsburg,
Virginia.
• Based on Parliament.
New England Colonies
Along the Atlantic Coast Subsistence farming
Poor soil
Cold climate
• ForestsEconomic factors: raw materials, logging,
fishing shipbuilding
• Political factors: town meetings, representative
government
• Social factors: small coastal towns (Boston only
large city)
• Religious factors: Puritans, Pilgrims
Middle Colonies
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Rich soil
Broad, deep rivers
More natural ports
River valleys
Mild winters
Raw materials
Economic factors: large farms, logging, fishing, shipbuilding
Political factors: more tolerance; diversity
Social factors small coastal towns (Philadelphia, Baltimore,
New York were large cities)
• Religious factors: Quakers, Catholics
Southern Colonies
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Appalachian Mountains
Navigable rivers
Richer soil
Warm climate
Raw materials
Economic factors: plantations, cash crops, tobacco, rice,
cotton
• Political factors: more slaves, more class-based society
• Social factors and small coastal towns (Savannah,
Charleston were large cities)
• Religious factors: Church of England, Catholics (Maryland),
more diverse
Effects of Physical and Human
Geographic Factors on Major Historical
and Contemporary Events
• Physical geographic factors – proximity to Atlantic
coastline determined where settlements/colonies were
created
• The NewEngland Middle colonies had access to
waterways that resulted in high population and larger
urban areas.
• Southern colonies had an abundant amount of fertile
soil that resulted in an agricultural society
• Human geographic factors – removal of the Native
Americans, disease and conflict (ex. Georgia as a buffer
between the other British colonies and Spanish Florida
Great Awakening
• Religious movement in the 1730s and 1740s.
• Preached personal salvation as opposed to the
Puritan beliefs of pre-destination.
• JONATHAN EDWARDS – one of the best known
preachers of the time – his sermon, “Sinners in
the Hands of an Angry God” urged believers to
develop a personal relationship with God.
• This movement revitalized American religion by
adding emotion. The Abolitionist Movement
began in response to the Great Awakening
• • Inventor, Scientist, Founding Father
• • 1706 – 1790
• • Published Poor Richard’s Almanack; sayings in his book
helped shape the American character, such as “early to
bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise.
• • Founded the first public library in the colonies,
supported education; Post Master General for all the
colonies
• • Scientist: Enlightenment: believed that through study
and knowledge a person could improve his position in life
• • Member of the committee that wrote the Declaration
of Independence
• William Penn established a colony in North
America as a refuge for Quakers. The land grant
from the King was called “Pennsylvania” or Penn’s
Woods. Supported toleration of the Native
Americans, freedom of worship, welcomed
immigrants, and did not require citizens to serve
in the militia.
• Believed that each person was equal and allowed
them to elect their own government officials.
Benjamin Franklin
• • Created the Albany Plan of Union – the
first attempt to unite the colonies during the
French and Indian War
• • Considered to be the “first civilized
American”
• • Invented the lightening rod, bifocal glasses,
and the Franklin stove
William Penn
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Exploration and Colonization
Establishment of the 13 colonies
Representative Democracy
Mercantilism
Religious Freedom
Explain the reasons for the
development of representative
government in Colonial America
• Representative governments often develop to
meet the political, economic, and social needs
of the people who hold similar beliefs.
Major Eras and Events in U.S. History –
Colonial America
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Reasons for Colonization:
Religious freedom
Political freedom
Economic opportunity (mercantilism)
Social mobility
What are some reasons for
European Exploration
• Curiosity
• Faster, cheaper trade routes to Asia
A better way of life
Political reasons for establishing the 13
English Colonies
• Political Reasons for establishing the 13
English Colonies:
• Political
• Competition with Spain and France who
already had many colonies in North America
• Increase trade and markets for English exports
(mercantilism)
• Source of raw materials
Religious reasons for establishing
the 13 English Colonies
• Religious reasons for establishing the 13
English Colonies:
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• Seeking religious freedom
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• Freedom from persecution for religious beliefs
Social reasons for establishing
the 13 English Colonies:
• Social reasons for establishing the 13 English
Colonies:
• Opportunity for adventure and a better way of
life
• England was overcrowded and settlers desired
their own land
Reasons for Growth of Representative
Government and Institutions During
the Colonial Period
• Distance from England created a need for
colonists to make their own laws and keep
peace and order
• Colonists were accustomed to English
traditions and structures (Parliament)
• Most colonies were self-governing, electing
members of their community to a general
assembly, which made their laws
How did Religion and Virtue
Contribute to the Growth of
Representative Government in the
American Colonies
• Religious freedom was a cause for the
establishment of the American colonies.
• Religious groups: Quakers, Pilgrims, Puritans,
and others) creating communities that were
self-governed.
• Penn colony (Pennsylvania) was an
experiment in the possibility of equality and
citizens involved in the government.
Effects of Political, Economic, and
Social Factors on Slaves During the
Colonial Period
• Slaves During the Colonial Period:
• Political – no political voice; no rights
• Economic – labor of the Plantation System;
considered property; children considered
property and sold with no regard to parents
• Social – viewed as property; viewed as outside
the American identity
Effects of Political, Economic, and
Social Factors on Free Blacks During
the Colonial Period
• Free Blacks During the Colonial Period:
• Political – no political voice; limited /
restricted rights
• Economic – low wage earners
• Social – lowest social class; limited access to
education; socially isolated
Physical and Human Geographic
Factors on Colonization
• Proximity to the Atlantic coastline determined
where settlements/colonies were created
• Human geographic factors – removal of the
Native Americans, disease and conflict; for
example, Georgia was a buffer between the
other British colonies and Spanish Florida