Indian Removal,
Tariffs, National
Bank, States Rights
Starter:
What can you see in this painting that indicates this
was a difficult journey?
 Main Idea: Jackson struggled to keep the South from
breaking away from the Union over the issue of Tariffs.
- Disputes about States’ Rights and the power of
the federal government are still important in national
politics today.
Indian
Removal Act
1830
The Big Idea
President Jackson supported a policy of Indian removal.
Main Ideas
• The Indian Removal Act authorized the relocation of Native
Americans to the West.
• Cherokee resistance to removal led to disagreement
between Jackson and the Supreme Court.
• Other Native Americans resisted removal with force.
Native Americans
• Choctaw
– First to be sent to Indian Territory.
– 7.5 million acres of their land taken by Mississippi.
– One-fourth died on the way.
• Creek
– Resisted but were captured and forced to march to Indian Territory.
• Chickasaw
– Negotiated treaty for better supplies, but many died.
The Cherokee Fight Back
The Cherokee Nation tried to win just
treatment through the legal system
-Chief Justice Marshall refused to rule
on the first case the Cherokee brought
against Georgia.
---read pg. 228-----
Worcester v. Georgia
The Big Idea
Andrew Jackson’s presidency was marked
by political conflicts.
Main Ideas
• Regional differences grew during Jackson’s
presidency.
• The rights of the states were debated amid
arguments about a national tariff.
• Jackson’s attack on the Bank sparked
controversy.
• Jackson’s policies led to the Panic of 1837.
Regional Differences grew during
Jackson’s presidency….
North
• Economy based
on
manufacturing
• Support for
tariffs
South
West
• Economy based
on agriculture
• Emerging
economy
• Opposition to
tariffs increased
the cost of
imported goods
• Support for
internal
improvements
and the sale of
public lands
“Quick Facts”
*** In Jackson’s opinion the National Bank of the US was
powerful!
The Nullification Theory:
Jackson’s Vice president: John C. Calhoun (South Carolina)
Called the tariff of 1828 a Tariff of Abomination…..”disgusting
and loathsome” tariff.
-The South- as an agricultural region, dependent on cotton
-Some South Carolinians began to wonder if Calhoun really
cared about the needs of his state.
-Calhoun devised a nullification theory: questioned the legality
of applying some federal laws in sovereign states.
What is a
tariff?
A tariff is a tax placed on
imported goods.
Tariff of
Abominations
• In 1827, northern manufacturers had demanded a tariff on imported
wool goods.
– Would provide protection against foreign competition.
• Southerners opposed a tariff
– Why? It would hurt their economy! What was their economy? Cotton, agriculture
• Congress passed a high tariff on imports before Jackson became
president.
-The South called it the Tariff of Abominations.
Hayne and Webster Debate
States Rights
The tariff question lead to a great debate:
-In January 1830, visitors to the senate to
Senator Robert Hayne (SC) debate Senator
Daniel Webster (Mass.)…...read pg. 232 first
paragraph---SC. Rebels
Jackson Attacks
National Bank
Jackson wages a war (personal war) on the Bank of
the United States
-He vetoed the bill (crisis of 1832) to recharter the
Bank
-Jackson opposes the Bank: the 2nd bank’s 20 year
charter was not due to expire until 1836; Henry Clay
and Daniel Webster wanted to introduce the
renewal earlier to make it a campaign issue.
---read pg. 233: Jackson opposes the bank---
Create a Mind Map of Jackson’s Presidency: