• Summer 2007 Workshop
• in Biology and Multimedia
• for High School Teachers
INTRODUCTION TO STEM CELLS
2007 - SUMMER TEACHER WORKSHOP
BETH MICK
BELFAST AREA HIGH SCHOOL
BELFAST MAINE
Life Sciences-HHMI Outreach. Copyright 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard College.
STEM CELL “UNIT”
• LESSON PLAN
–
–
–
–
INTRO LECTURE
PLANARIA LAB
WEB SEARCH
3 DAYS - INCLUDE A
WEEKEND TO GIVE
TIME FOR
PLANARIA TO
REGENERATE
– REMEMBER TO
ORDER PLANARIA
AHEAD OF TIME
• OBJECTIVES
– WHAT ARE STEM
CELLS?
– HOW ARE THEY
OBTAINED?
– HOW CAN THEY BE
USED?
– VISUALIZE
REGENERATION
THROUGH
PLANARIA LAB
STEM CELL RESEARCH WHAT IS IT ALL ABOUT?
http://stemcells.nih.gov/info/basics/
"Image courtesy of NIH resource for stem cell research"
WHAT HAPPENS AFTER
MEIOSIS?
• WHAT DID MEIOSIS PRODUCE?
GAMETES
2N
2N
1N
1N
1N
1N
1N
1N
4 HAPLOID SPERM
1N
1N
1N
1N
1N
4 HAPLOID EGGS
1N
WHAT HAPPENS AFTER
MEIOSIS?
• WHAT DID MEIOSIS PRODUCE?
• WHAT HAPPENS TO GAMETES?
FERTILIZATION
Image courtesy of L. De Vos- U.L.B.- Biodic
http://www.ulb.ac.be/sciences/biodic/biodic/images/bio_animale/embryologie/fecondation/baefec_01_01.jpg
WHAT HAPPENS AFTER
MEIOSIS?
• WHAT DID MEIOSIS PRODUCE?
• WHAT HAPPENS TO GAMETES?
• WHAT’S THE PRODUCT OF
FERTILIZATION?
ZYGOTE
The fertilized egg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Sperm-egg.jpg#file
WHAT HAPPENS AFTER
MEIOSIS?
• WHAT DID MEIOSIS PRODUCE?
• WHAT HAPPENS TO GAMETES?
• WHAT IS THE PRODUCT OF
FERTILIZATION?
• HOW DOES A ONE CELL ZYGOTE
BECOME A HUMAN?
EMBRYOGENESIS
http://stemcells.nih.gov/info/scireport/appendixA.asp
Image courtesy of NIH resource for stem cell research
http://embryo.soad.umich.edu/carnStages/carnStages.html
Image courtesy of Brad Smith, University of Michigan
SO…..WHAT ARE STEM CELLS?
• CELLS THAT CAN
MAKE MORE OF
THEMSELVES
• CELLS THAT CAN
BECOME ALMOST
ANY CELL MULTIPOTENT
Stem
cells
http://stemcells.nih.gov/info/basics/
"Image courtesy of NIH resource for stem cell research"
WHERE DO STEM CELLS COME
FROM?
• EMBRYONIC
– BLASTOCYST
• “ADULT”
–
–
–
–
CORD CELLS
PLACENTA
CHILDREN
ADULTS
EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS
Blastocyst
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Blastocyst_English.svg
http://stemcells.nih.gov/info/basics/
"Image courtesy of NIH resource for stem cell research"
EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS ARE
OBTAINED FROM
INVITRO- FERTILIZATION EMBRYOS THAT
WERE NOT USED
http://www.news.wisc.edu/packages/stemcells/illustration.html
“ADULT” STEM CELLS ARE OBTAINED
IN A VARIETY OF WAYS
Illustration by Matt Bohan, 2007
STEM CELLS HAVE ALSO BEEN
FOUND IN “MATURE” ORGANS
Illustration by Matt Bohan, 2007
PROS AND CONS OF EACH TYPE
• EMBRYONIC
– CELL LINES LAST
AND LAST AND
LAST
– MULTIPOTENT
– EASY TO FIND
– ETHICAL ISSUES WHEN DOES LIFE
BEGIN?
• ADULT
– CELL LINES DO
NOT LAST
– NOT MULTIPOTENT
– HARD TO LOCATE
– NO ETHICAL
ISSUES
ANIMATIONS
• HOW EMBRYONIC STEM CELL LINES
ARE MADE
• WHAT IS A STEM CELL
REFERENCES
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
http://stemcells.nih.gov/info/scireport/2001report.htm
http://www.ulb.ac.be/sciences/biodic/biodic/images/bio_animale/embryologie/fecondati
on/baefec_01_01.jpg
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=mboc4.figgrp.3748
http://www.news.wisc.edu/packages/stemcells/illustration.html
http://www.drugs.com/enc/images/images/en/17010.jpg
http://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/Notes/placenta.htm
http://www.dnalc.org/stemcells.html
http://gslc.genetics.utah.edu/units/stemcells/