PORTFOLIO COMMITTEE BRIEFING
LIBERATION HERITAGE ROUTE
•
Click to edit Master subtitle style
Presentation by
Mr. Vusithemba Ndima
CONTENT
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Liberation Heritage Route Concept
11 June 2011 Cabinet Resolution
Progress on the implementation of the resolution
Conceptual Framework
Pilot Projects per Province
Way Forward
2
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ACRONYMS
LHR – Liberation Heritage Route
DAC – Department of Arts and Culture
NHC – National Heritage Council
IMC – Inter Ministerial Committee
SADET – South African Democratic Education Trust
OAU – Organisation of African Unity
SADC – Southern African Development Community
FEDSAW – Federation of South African Women
ANCWL – African National Congress Women’s League
CPSA – Communist Party of South African
PAC – Pan Africanist Congress
SACTU - South African Congress of Trade Unions
SACP – South African Communist Party
MK – Mkhonto We Sizwe
SAHRA – South African Heritage Resource Agency
SANNC – South African Native National Congress
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3
1.
LIBERATION HERITAGE ROUTE CONCEPT
1.1 The LHR is configured as a network of heritage sites, some nodes
with world heritage status, others with national, provincial and local
significance.
1.2 The LHR sites will recognize people, communities, icons,
places/sites and record epoch-making stories and events which had a
significant impact on the South African anticolonial struggle and struggle
for liberation.
1.3 The Route will provide a storyline about the movement and
continuity of anti-colonial wars and liberation activities, the dialogue
across the country and trans-boundary co-ordination of the national
liberation struggle.
1.4
The LHR project was approved by Cabinet on 11 June 2011.
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4
2.
2.1
was
2.2
Co2.3
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CABINET RESOLUTION
The DAC/NHC develops a conceptual framework which the
LHR will be an integral element thereof. The framework
to be based on existing historical and cultural research.
The Minister of Arts and Culture must convene an InterMinisterial Committee consisting of Ministers of Science and
Technology, Basic Education, Public Works, Tourism and
operative Governance and Traditional Affairs.
The IMC must consider a pilot project which must put
emphasis on establishing a strategy to deal with
infrastructure and the development of heritage tourism
facilities as one of the main focus areas for the strategy.
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5
3.
PROGRESS ON THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CABINET
RESOLUTION
3.1The
conceptual
framework based
on existing
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3.
IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS
3.8
The conceptual framework and the Business Plan was also presented to the Ministry and the
Ministry resolved that the research is on going and therefore the DAC enters into formal agreement
with SADET to provide the research component to the LHR, SADET finalises the conceptual
framework, the Task Team be guided by the conceptual framework to finalise the Business Plan and
the final Business Plan should have short term and long term budgetary provisions
3.9
The Ministry further resolved that the Task Team should identify an implementation
framework which could include a Provincial Route Approach Selection of Anchor sites, based on their
significance and potential to attract tourists, to be connected to identified national, provincial and local
sites. Emphasis should placed on the need to capacitate provinces that have not had a fair share of
national heritage facilities
3.10
Such a framework could also include a Big Bang Approach A single project that maps and
interprets all the epochs of the South African liberation struggle identified in the conceptual framework
of the LHR. This facility will be a multi-purpose interpretative centre that provides interactive
exhibition spaces that enable to relive
the liberation struggle. The Big Bang Approach will be
explored in North West Province and the OR TAMBO ESCAPE ROUTE was recommended
3.11
The framework could further include a Thematic Approach where site identification can be
guided by a common liberation thread that unites Provinces. The theme that has been agreed upon is
the declaration of graves to honour the liberation leaders of the liberation struggle. This approach will
entail the identification and record of graves of the liberation struggle and the construction of
memorials associated with the graves. The aim is to identify one grave per province that will form part
of the project
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4.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
4.1 The conceptual
framework was
developed
Democratic
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4.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK (Cont)
4.5 The conceptual
framework locates
the LHR within the
pre-colonial context
which is defined
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4.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK (Cont)
4.10
The framework highlights the Gender and
Liberation Context by looking at the
role of Women’s
liberation formations like FEDSAW, ANCWL, the worker’s
struggle as an important facet of the liberation
struggle such worker’s
resistance in the
mines, the role of
organisations like CPSA, PAC,
SACTU, SACP and MK
4.11
In the Rural and Peasant Context the framework
looks at Rural resistance
which sparked in the
1940s and culminated in major uprisings in Zeerust,
Sekhukhuniland and Pondoland.
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GAUTENG
SITE DESCRIPTION
FREEDOM PARK
The Freedom Park was officially launched on 1 June
2000 as a response to the need identified by the
Truth and Reconciliation Commission for symbolic
reparation of past conflicts in the history of South
Africa. The foundation of The Freedom Park is thus
based on the South African nation’s reconciliation
process as well as the advancement of the various
rights entrenched in the constitution from a heritage
perspective. The Pan African Archives forms the
underlying knowledge base of all the components of
The Freedom Park. In this space, The Freedom Park
Trust’s research data is stored, conserved and
processed for public consumption and use.
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
WORK TO BE DONE
Not yet declared as the construction
is not yet completed but one of the
SAHRA priority projects in the list of
protection.
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GAUTENG
SITE DESCRIPTION
The Sharpeville Memorial
The Sharpeville Memorial honours those who lost their
lives in the Sharpeville Massacre on 21 March 1960. To
honour those who died for the liberation of South Africa,
the Sharpeville Memorial was opened on the 21 March
2002, a day known now as the Human Rights Day. It is
located in Seeiso Street in Sharpeville, opposite the police
station where the shootings took place. The Sharpeville
exhibition promises to communicate the tragic incident to
visitors.
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WORK TO BE DONE
Improvements to preserve the Exhibition
Centre.
Constitutional Walk,
a Memorial Garden and
an Exhibition Centre Mosaic.
1212
GAUTENG
SITE DESCRIPTION
DR AB XUMA MUSEUM
Alfred Bitini Xuma was the President-General of the
Gauteng African National Congress from 1939-1949, and a
long time resident in Sophiatown. His house was one of
several buildings that escaped the bulldozers when the
suburb was flattened in the 1950s and 1960s. It was
declared a national monument in 1998. The municipality
had agreed that the Trevor Huddleston Memorial Centre
will operate a museum at the house, to be called the
Sophiatown Museum. The city library’s services will place
Xuma’s historic book collection in the house as a
permanent exhibit, along with any other relevant material
from the city’s museum collection.
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WORK TO BE DONE
Museum
Renovations and internal developments to
House.
Purchase of adjacent property.
Conservation and Management Plan.
Exhibition and setting up of Library Services
1313
MPUMALANGA
SITE DESCRIPTION
SAMORA MACHEL MEMORIAL
Samora Machel was a Mozambican military commander, a
revolutionary socialist leader an eventual President of
Mozambique. Machel led the country to independence in
1975 until his death in 1986, when his presidential aircraft
crashed in the mountainous terrain where the borders of
Mozambique, Swaziland and South Africa converge. A
memorial at the Mbuzini crash site was inaugurated on
January 19, 1999 by President Nelson Mandela and by
President Joaquim Chissano of Mozambique.
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WORK TO BE DONE
The Memorial is managed by the Provincial
Government. Government will have to review
the Provincial status of the memorial to a
National Memorial under the Cultural
Institutions Act.
Reprioritisation of budgetary provision with
National Treasury to be explored
1414
MPUMALANGA
SITE DESCRIPTION
Pixley ka Isaka Seme
WORK TO BE DONE
Pixley Isaka Ka Seme (1881-June 1951) was a
founder member and President of the African Interpretive Centre
National Congress. He was one of the leading Conservation and Management Plan.
early African Intellectuals who relentlessly
and eloquently advanced the interest of
Africans.
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MPUMALANGA
SITE DESCRIPTION
KANYAMAZANE HILL
WORK TO BE DONE
The hill was used by youth activists in
Declare the Site
Kanyamazane to hold their political meetings.
Landscaping of the Hill.
It was on this hill that members of LOMOYO
Interpretive Centre
were ambushed and massacred in 1986.
Conservation and Management Plan.
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EASTERN CAPE
SITE DESCRIPTION
WORK TO BE DONE
BISHO MASSACRE
Former Ciskei security forces opened fire to
thousands of marchers who were heading
towards the capital of the bantustan, Bisho.
This march was led by national leaders of the
liberation movement. Shots were fired
indiscriminately killed forty three people and
wounding scores of others. A site in Bisho is
dedicated to victims of this massacre.
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Upgrading of the Monument.
Declaration of site
Landscaping of park
Museum
Conservation Management Plan
1717
EASTERN CAPE
SITE DESCRIPTION
WORK TO BE DONE
OLIVER TAMBO SITE
Oliver Reginald Tambo was a leader of the African
Site Declaration, Interpretative Centre
National Congress who led the organization for a
Larger and life Statue, Landscaping and
very long time. He was respected throughout the
fencing, Memory Pavillion, Timeline
world as a statesman who fought relentlessly for
pathway, Garden of Unsung Heroes
the liberation of South Africa.
Garden of Remembrance, Amphitheatre
The National Assembly and the Eastern Cape
Wall of Remembrance, Rehabilitation of
Provincial Government officially opened the O R
the graves at Nkantolo, Khananda and the
Tambo Garden of Remembrance in honour of the
Homestead, Rehabilitation of the
Tambo Family for their contribution in liberating our
Homestead
people.
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EASTERN CAPE
SITE DESCRIPTION
ROBERT SOBUKWE AND BEYERS NAUDE
Robert Sobukwe was the leader of the Pan-Africanist
Congress who suffered from solitary confinement for 6
years. He was a founder of the PAC who was highly
respected even during his days in the ANC YL at Fort Hare.
Beyers Naude was a highly progressive South African who
actively identified with the national cause to rid S. Africa of
the oppressive and exploitative system of apartheid. This
site in Graaf-Reinet will encourage a dialogue between
their respective ideologies as they are both from this
significant but little known space of Graaf-Reinet. They
were both formidable leaders who left indelible footprints
in the national road to freedom.
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WORK TO BE DONE
Heroes Acre, amphitheatre as space for
youth and social development projects.
Link with social responsibility partners,
and sports development partners in
Government and Graaf Reinette
Identification of site, Development of wall
of remembrance; research into names;
maintenance,
1919
WESTERN CAPE
SITE DESCRIPTION
WORK TO BE DONE
NELSON MANDELA PRISON HOUSE
Victor Verster Prison (also called Klein Drakenstein and
later renamed as Drakenstein Correctional Centre) is a low Restoration of the house at the Drakenstein
security prison near Paarl in the valley of the Dwars River in Correctional Centre
the Western Cape of South Africa. The prison is famous for Landscaping of the site
being the last place that Nelson Mandela was held. In 1984 Declaration of the site
Conservation Management Plan
Mandela was transferred from the maximum security
prison on Roben Island, a small island in Table Bay, to
Pollsmoor Prison in Cape Town near Steenberg. From there
Mandela was moved to Victor Verster prison in 1988,
where he lived in a private villa inside the prison
compound. Victor Verster, a farm prison, was often used as
a stepping stone for releasing lower risk political prisoners.
Mandela served another three years at Verster until his
release in 11 February 1990.
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WESTERN CAPE
SITE DESCRIPTION
GUGULETHU
On the 3rd March 1986, a group of seven young
men were ambushed in Cape Town. They were
dubbed the Gugulethu Seven. Security police
opened fire on them, because they were seen as
being terrorists. The ambush was co-ordinated by
the infamous security forces of Vlakplaas, who
were known for torture and unprovoked violent
actions. Their names are Zandisile Zenith Mjobo,
Zola Alfred Swelani, Mandla Simon Mxinwa,
Godfrey Jabulani Miya, Themba Mlifi, Zabonke John
Konile and Christopher Piet.
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WORK TO BE DONE
Development of the Memory Centre
Declaration of the Site
Landscaping of the site.
Interpretive Centre.
Conservation Management Plan
2121
FREE-STATE
SITE DESCRIPTION
WORK TO BE DONE
WESLYAN CHURCH
The church where the SANNC was formed which would
later become the African National Congress.
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Restoration of the church.
Landscaping of the site.
Interpretive Centre.
Conservation Management Plan
2222
FREE-STATE
SITE DESCRIPTION
WORK TO BE DONE
THABO MOFUTSANYANA
Mr Thabo Mafutsanyana was a leader of the Grading and Restoration of the house
ANC and the South African Communist Party.
He was instrumental in the mobilization of
workers in farm areas, in townships and in
rural areas. He was one of the most effective
communists who produced many leaders.
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FREE-STATE
SITE DESCRIPTION
WORK TO BE DONE
REV Z.R. MAHABANE
Rev. ZR Mahabane was twice a President of
the African National Congress. He was a
clergy man who was committed to cause for
the liberation of his people. He led the ANC
with distinction and was highly respected
beyond the ANC.
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Declaration and Restoration of the
house, interpretive centre
2424
NORTHERN CAPE
SITE DESCRIPTION
WORK TO BE DONE
UPINGTON 26
On 11 November 1985 the Upington Youth
Declaration of the site, setting up
Organisation mobilised a crowd of approximately
memorial park
3000 who gathered on a soccer field in Paballelo, a
township in Upington. The event that would follow
that day resulted in the setting alight of a municipal
policeman after he had shot and seriously
wounding a young boy. 26 people were arrested
and charged with the murder of the policeman. 25
of accused were found guilty and 14 were
sentenced to death. Eleven were released while the
murder convictions of three were upheld following
an appeal.
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NORTHERN CAPE
SITE DESCRIPTION
WORK TO BE DONE
THE GALESHEWE MAYIBUYE UPRISING
The Galeshewe Mayibuye Uprising is part of the
national defiance campaign that took place 1952.
On the 8th of November 1952, following a mass
protestation incident, 12 people were shot and 78
wounded by the then police force.
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Declaration.
Interpretive Centre.
Conservation and Management Plans.
Exhibition.
2626
NORTHERN CAPE
SITE DESCRIPTION
WORK TO BE DONE
THE LANGEBERG REBELLION
The Langeberg Rebellion is an epic story that
depicts the height of dispossession of land and
livestock during the wars against colonisation. The
event occurred around November 1896.
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Interpretive Centre.
Declaration of the Site.
Maintenance of existing infrastructure
Conservation and Management Plans.
Exhibition.
2727
LIMPOPO
SITE DESCRIPTION
UNIVERSITY OF LIMPOPO
University of Limpopo was a major theatre of
the struggle which produced activists and
leaders of the highest calibre who later
swelled the ranks of the liberation movement
at home and in exile. Freedom fighters from
this university played a profound role in the
liberation of South Africa.
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WORK TO BE DONE
Declaration of the Site
Interpretive Centre.
Conservation and Management Plans.
Exhibition.
.
2828
LIMPOPO
SITE DESCRIPTION
WORK TO BE DONE
BEUSTER MISSION STATION
After the departure of the missionaries, black Declaration and Infrastructure development will
include an interpretive centre
evangelists and pastors took over control
mission stations, the Beuster Mission Station
included. Some, if not most, of these
evangelists were political minded and became
an influence to most of the youth in Venda at
secondary school level. This saw the youth
protest against homeland independence and
involved in the struggle for liberation and
justice.
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LIMPOPO
SITE DESCRIPTION
SHILUVANE MISSION CENTRE
The Mission Centre became a centre of
political activities, supporting civic and
political structures during the liberation
struggle, particularly during the time of Rev.
Mathebula who was himself an activist who
hosted meetings of various anti-apartheid
structures. The centre is known for
harbouring guerrilla fighters.
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WORK TO BE DONE
Declaration and Infrastructure development will
include an interpretive centre
3030
KWAZULU-NATAL
SITE DESCRIPTION
WORK TO BE DONE
PIETERMARITZBURG STATION
This magnificent Victorian station was the
setting for one of Mahatma
one building into a museum.
Ghandi's most profound experiences when he Turn
Interpretive Centre.
was thrown off a train despite carrying a First Conservation and Management Plans.
Exhibition.
Class ticket..
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3131
KWAZULU-NATAL
SITE DESCRIPTION
WORK TO BE DONE
JOHNNY MAKHATHINI
One of the most formidable leaders of the
ANC. He worked closely with Oliver Tambo.
Not a site as yet, but could change his home
into a workshop /museum to bring money
into the community.
House Museum
Declaration of the site.
Interpretive Centre.
Conservation and Management Plans.
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KWAZULU-NATAL
SITE DESCRIPTION
D C O MATIWANE SITE
D C O Matiwane was a highly respected
leaders of the African National Congress and
the South African Communist Party. He was
one of the most effective organisers and
leaders in the KwaZulu-Natal working with
renowned leaders like Harry Gwala.
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WORK TO BE DONE
Archiving, interpretation rooms and statue
Conservation and Management Plans.
3333
NORTH-WEST
SITE DESCRIPTION
WORK TO BE DONE
BLACK CONCENTRATION CAMPS AND
GRAVES
According to distorted historical accounts it is Memorial sites and Declaration of sites.
generally believed that the Black People never
took part in the so-called Anglo-Boer or
inclusively referred to as the South African
War. During this war numerous black people
were forcibly taken to concentration camps
and some died there. These concentration
camps for black people were mainly in areas
such as Fredelikstad, Koekemoer and
Klerksdorp
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NORTH-WEST
SITE DESCRIPTION
OR TAMBO ESCAPE ROUTE
OR Tambo Escape Route Heritage Site is a
route that was used by the late President of
the ANC to escape arrest by the apartheid
regime. In addition to that, the site has
further political history as it was used by
Umkhonto Wesizwe operatives involved in
military operations. The sites has significance
to the liberation struggle.
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WORK TO BE DONE
Declaration of the site.
Interpretive Centre.
Conservation and Management Plans.
Exhibition.
3535
NORTH-WEST
SITE DESCRIPTION
WORK TO BE DONE
HUHUDI
In Huhudi there exists an open circle with a Declaration of the site.
rich political history of the era. The circle was Interpretive Centre.
used by various political formations who were Conservation and Management Plans.
involved in the liberation struggle. According Exhibition.
to the oral history of residents, whenever
there was a meeting, a whistle was blown to
summon residents. The meetings were used
to strategize against the actions of the
apartheid regime.
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5.
WAY FORWARD
5.1 The projects
will be presented to
the IMC for its
consideration.
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