The American Revolution
I.
English ___________________ in ______________________________
a. What did England Colonize?
1. -_________________ colonies along the Northern ____________
2. -3 colonies that they ________________ from the ____________
3. -These colonies are the___________ of the _____________ today
II.
__________________ of the _____________________________
a. _____________________________: Equating a colonial empire with world
power the government encouraged settlement.
b. _______________________: An __________________________________ that
a country should try to get and keep as much gold and silver as possible by
exporting more than they import Under this theory, colonies would assure
__________ materials and ___________________ for English manufactures,
__________________ for merchants, and _______________________ for the
government
III.
Motives of the ___________________________________________
a. _____________________________________: Catholics, dissenting protestants
(ex: Quakers, Puritans, Pilgrims) suffered discrimination in England.
b. _____________________________________: To escape government tyranny
and political unrest many English moved to the colonies.
c. _____________________________________: Wealthy landowners began
fencing in land for use as sheep pastures and new farming techniques. This
___________________________ movement displaced tenant farmers.
d. To start anew with the possibility of _______________________ their own
______________ & ___________________, many poor men began to look to the
___________________________________.
IV.
________________________ Leading to ____________________________
a. The ____________________________ (The French and Indian War: 1754-1763)
i. War between __________________________ and Britain that started
when Virginia Militia clashed with French forces for control of the Ohio
Valley
ii. Treaty of ___________________ ended the war and eliminated France as
a ___________________________________. Ceded all of
________________ and land east of the ___________________________
except New Orleans
b. _________________________ of the French and Indian War
i. The ________________________________:
1. Gained _________________________ and felt they should be fullfledged ___________________________ of a great empire.
2. Gained ______________________________________ experience
3. Saw a need for ____________________ to solve a common
problem
4. Had the danger of _____________________ by the French and
some Native American tribes ________________________
ii. ________________________________:
1. Determined to change policy of
“________________________________” for the colonies
2. Felt that the colonies ___________________________ much from
the war and that they should help _________________ some of
the _______________________ of the war.
3. _____________________________________
a. England’s policy of not interfering in the American
Colonies’ politics and economy as long as such neglect
served British economic interests
V.
Britain’s _________________________________ for Colonial America
a. _________________________ Existing laws
i. The ______________________________: Laws requiring that colonists
1. Transport their goods ______________________________ ships
2. Export certain goods (i.e.:__________________________.) ONLY
to England
3. __________________________________ their imports from
___________________or when colonial ships secured non-British
goods, they stop at a British port and pay
______________________ or tariffs.
4. Writs of _________________________________: allowed British
officials to _____________________ and ____________________
colonial homes and _____________________________ ships they
believed to be holding smuggled goods.
b. New ________________________
i. _________________________________ 1764: reduced the existing
duties on sugar imports and molasses but was strictly enforced
ii. __________________________________ 1765: 1st direct taxation of
colonists. Required the purchase of stamps to be put on
__________________________________________________material
iii. ______________________________ Acts: new import taxes on lead,
paper, glass, paint, and tea.
iv. ______________________________: created to save the British East
India Company Allowed BEI to sell surplus tea in the colonies but retained
the tax on Tea.
c. New ________________________
i. Proclamation of ______________________: Prohibited colonists from
settling west of the _________________________________ mountains
ii. _________________________ Act of 1765: required colonists to provide
________________________ and living quarters for _________________
soldiers
iii. Colonists accused of violating the new laws went on trial in
___________________________ courts where they were denied a
____________________________ trial.
VI.
Colonial __________________________________________
a. ___________________________ the laws-continued ______________________
to avoid import duties, settled beyond Appalachian Mountains
b. Committees of _____________________________________-started
by________________________l Adams, provided an inter colonial network of
information
c. _________________________ and _______________________________
d. Non importation Agreements: __________________________ not to
_________________________ British goods until Stamp Act repealed
VII.
Colonial Resistance
a. 1764- Sugar Act: colonists responded with written protests, occasional boycotts,
and cries of “______________________________________________________”
b. 1765- Stamp Act: Violent protests, _____________________________ called
and devised a boycott of all British goods.
c. 1765- Quartering Act: Most colonial legislatures refused to pay for supplies for
the army as required
d. 1767- Townshend Acts: “letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania,” a widely read
series of letters protesting the act, were published in nine colonial newspapers.
Colonists resumed boycotting British goods, cutting trade in half.
e. March 5, 1770 The _____________________________________________:
i. A mob gathered in from of the Boston _____________________ House
and taunted British soldiers standing guard. ___________ were fired and
five colonists, including Crispus ________________________, were killed.
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f. 1773 ________________________________: A large group of Boston rebels
disguised themselves as Native Americans and proceeded to take action against
three British Tea ships. They dumped 18,000 pounds of Tea into Boston harbor.
g. 1774 The ____________________________ Acts:
________________________________ Boston Harbor, until the tea was paid for.
Other acts eliminated self-government in Massachusetts and required colonists
to house soldiers in their homes.
VIII.
OUTBREAK OF REVOLUTION
a. 1st _____________________________________________________________
i. Planned to present a united response to the _____________________ of
British goods. All colonies but _________________________
represented.
b. Lexington and Concord, ____________________________________________
i. British troops moved under cover of night to seize the weapons
stockpiled in Concord and arrest John Hancock and Samuel Adams.
Warned by Paul Revere, ____________________________ were waiting
and fighting broke out.
c. The 2nd Continental Congress _______________________________________
i. Two ______________________ emerged
1. Creation of a ___________________________ army under Gen.
_____________________________________
2. ________________________________________Petition
reaffirming their loyalty and seeking a halt to the fighting until a
solution could be reached. Was rejected in November 1775 by
King George.
d. Meanwhile,______________________________________________, and a
British Naval Blockade went into effect spurring the Colonist to action.
IX.
Declaration of Independence _____________________________________________
a. The Continental Congress committee chose _______________________ to draft
a statement of reason for the ________________________ of the Colonies from
England.
b. The Enlightenment thinker _______________________________ heavily
influenced Jefferson.
X.
The _________________________________ War
a. Important Battles of the Revolutionary War:
i. _______________________________: The American Victory at Saratoga
convinced the ___________________________ to help the Americans
ii. Yorktown: The ____________________________ Reinforced by French
troops and the French Navy moving in from the Caribbean, Washington
moved on the British stronghold of _____________________________
XI.
Articles of _____________________________________________
a. Written in 1776, approved in 1781, the Articles of Confederation were the first
____________________________________ to govern the U.S.
i. Under the ______________________________:
1. Consisted of just a congress with no _______________________
or _________________________________ branches
2. Each ____________________ had _______________________
vote, 9 votes needed to pass anything; any
__________________________________ required all 13 states.
3. Congress did not have the power to ____________________-had
to beg for money from the ____________________
4. All ________________________________________ left to states
5. Had no power to stop states from issuing their own
_____________________________________.
6. States would ignore the federal requests for _________________
7. No power over _______________________ or
___________________________ commerce
8. No _________________ to make the states do what they wanted.
b. Brought Revolution to a Successful _________________________
c. Negotiated the _________________________________________
d. Kept States ________________________ in name if not in __________________
e. Passed the _________________________________________________________
i. Provided western lands be surveyed and divided into ________________
of _________ sections. Income from the land sold no less than a ______
per acre
f. __________________________________________________________________
i. Declared the territory would be divided into no more than ________
territories and forbade __________________________ in the territories
and encouraged _____________________________________
XII.
________________________________ Rebellion
a. Daniel Shay’s led debtors in an armed rebellion seeking to end imprisonment for
debt, halve foreclosures of farm mortgages, and compel the stats to issue cheap
paper money. The Congress was helpless to act and had to rely on the
Massachusetts State Militia.