Fascism Rises in Europe
CHAPTER 15 SECTION 3
Think-Write-Pair-Share
 What do you know about Adolf Hitler and Nazism?
 Turn to your partner and discuss
 You will be sharing your partner’s response
Rise of Fascism
 Democracies survive in Britain, France, and U.S.
 Other countries lose faith in democratic
governments -> frustrated by the Great Depression
and peace treaties of WWI
Think-Write-Pair-Share
 What countries do you think would lose faith in
democracy? Why?
What does fascism have to offer?
 Revive the economy
 Punish those responsible for hard times
 Restore order and national pride
Fascism
 A new, militant political movement
 Emphasizes loyalty to the state and obedience to its
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leader
No clearly defined program
Extreme form of nationalism
Nations must struggle
Peaceful countries will be conquered
Wear uniforms of a certain color
Special salutes
Mass rallies
Similarities with Communism
 Both systems ruled by dictators
 only one political party
 Denied individual rights
 The state (country) was supreme
 No democratic practices
Differences with Communism
 Fascists did not want a
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classless society
Each class had its place
and function
Fascists = aristocrats,
industrialists, war
veterans, lower middle
class
Fascists = nationalists
Communists =
internationalists
Think-Write-Share
 Does fascism or communism seem to be more
concerned with the happiness/safety of the people?
Assignment
 2-3 sentences per question
 1-2 paragraphs
 1. Describe fascism in your own words.
 2. How is fascism different than communism?
 3. Would you like to live in a fascist country? Why or
why not?
Problems after WWI (Italy)
 Few territorial gains
 Rising inflation
 Unemployment
 Italians wanted a leader to take action
Benito Mussolini
 Founded the Fascist Party
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in 1919
Popularity increase when
the economy suffers
Promises to revive the
economy and rebuild the
army
Attacks on Socialists and
Communists
People are scared of a
worker’s revolt
Middle class, aristocracy,
industrial leaders support
Mussolini
Think-Write-Pair-Share
 Why does Mussolini’s popularity increase? Who
supports him?
Benito Mussolini
 1922 – 30,000 Fascists march on Rome and demand
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King Victor Emmanuel III put Mussolini in charge
Mussolini becomes Il Duce (the leader)
Gets rid of democracy and all political parties
Secret police
Censorship of radio and publications
No strikes
Not as much control as Stalin and Hitler
Think-Write-Pair-Share
 How did Mussolini maintain control?
Hitler (Germany)
 Receives Iron Cross in WWI
 Moves to Munich and joins the National Socialists
German Workers’ Party (Nazi)
 German type of fascism = Nazism
 Germany should overcome the Treaty of Versailles
and fight Communism
 Private militia = storm troopers
Hitler
 der Fuhrer (the leader)
 Hitler attempts to seize power in Munich (1923)
 5 year prison sentence for treason
 Write Mein Kampf (My Struggle)
 “Aryans” = master race
 Jews, Slavs, Gypsies were inferior
 Versailles Treaty was not fair
 Lebensraum = living space (Germany was overcrowded)
Hitler
 Mostly ignored until the Great Depression
 American loans stop and German economy collapses
 Germans are frightened and confused
 Hitler promises security and strong leadership
Assignment
 In groups of 3 complete Guided Reading Ch. 15
Section 3
 Page 477
Hitler Becomes Chancellor (1933)
 Conservative leaders advise President Paul von
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Hindenburg to name Hitler chancellor
A fire destroys the Reichstag building (parliament)
and the Communist Party is blamed
Nazi Party wins parliament elections
Hitler bans all other political parties
SS and Gestapo kills or arrests his enemies
Banned strikes
Constructed factories, built highways, made weapons
Hitler Becomes Chancellor
 Propaganda on radios, painting, literature
 Books going against Nazi beliefs are burned
 Hitler Youth
 Anti-Semitism = Hatred of Jews
 Blamed for all of Germany’s problems after WWI
 Jews are deprived of their legal rights
 Nov. 9, 1938 – Nazi mobs attacked Jews (Kristallnacht)
Assignment - Kristallnacht
 In groups of 3
 Read the document independently
 Discuss and answer questions as a group
 Discuss as a class
Justification Paragraph
 Which events and factors contributed to Hitler’s belief in an
extreme form of German nationalism?
 1. State your claim - Provide at least two factors - “One factor that
contributed to Hitler’s belief in an extreme form of German nationalism
was ……..”
 2. Cite evidence for each claim - “The reason ……………. contributed was
because ……………..”
 3. Support evidence with academic language – “As a result of ……..”
“If …….. then ……..” “This was a cause or effect of ……..”
 4. Use content vocabulary (at least 3) – Treaty of Versailles, anti-Semitism,
Aryan, reparation payments, Mein Kampf, pogroms, nationalism,
Germanic, opera,