ROAD TO REVOLUTION
SHORT-TERM CAUSES
CONCEPT
 Poor
leadership
 Poor colonial policy
 Lack of
knowledge/understanding
PONTIAC’S REBELLION
 Chief
Pontiac
–Launches a surprise attack
Reaction to westward
settlement
 Led
to Proclamation line of
1763
Proclamation Line of
1763


Limited
settlement to east
of the
Appalachian
Mountains
Why did it anger
colonists?
SUGAR ACT OF 1764




Passed to raise revenue
Tightens enforcement
Added to Enumerated Articles
Effects
– Hurt sugar and lumber trade
– Taxation w/o Representation
– Colonists launch boycott
Stamp Act 1765
 Raises
revenue
 Tax on newspapers,
pamphlets, legal documents,
cards
 Affected most
powerful/influential colonists
Stamp Act 1765
 Effects
–Sons of Liberty
–Stamp Act Congress- ALL 13 colonies
–Non-importation agreements
–“Declaration of Rights and
Grievances”
 1766
– Stamp Act repealed
Tar and Feathering
DECLARATORY ACT
 Reaffirmed
England’s
authority over the colonies
 Tempered colonial sense of
victory over Stamp Act
Townshend Acts 1767)
Suspended/dissolved some
colonial assemblies (NY, PA, VA)
 writs of assistance
 New taxes on imports
 Ended “power of the purse”

Townshend Acts 1767
 Colonial
Reaction
–The Virginia Resolves
 No
taxation without representation
–Additional non-importation
agreements
 Repealed
taxes – except tea tax
BOSTON MASSACRE
MARCH 5, 1770


Troops
stationed in
colonies =
competition
Effect
– It became a
rallying cry
The Boston Massacre (March 5,1770)
TEA ACT - 1773



Monopoly East
India Company
Angered tea
merchants
Effect
– Boston Tea Party –
Dec 16, 1773
Boston Tea Party (1773)
INTOLERABLE ACTS
(1774) (Coercive Acts)
 Punish
Boston for Tea Party
 Closed the port of Boston
 Ended self-government
in MA
INTOLERABLE ACTS
(1774)
 Harsh
Quartering Act
passed
 Martial law in Boston
 Effects
–Led to colonial unity NOT
submission
First Continental Congress
(1774)
55 delegates from 12 colonies
Agenda  How to
respond to the
Coercive Acts
1 vote per colony
represented.
FIRST CONTINENTAL
CONGRESS
 Actions
–Suffolk Resolves
Raise
troops
Denounce British policy
Suspend trade
–Declaration of Rights and
Grievances
–Agreed to meet again
LEXINGTON AND
CONCORD
 Arrest
rebel leaders destroy
munitions at Concord
 Confrontation at Lexington
 Effects
–Moderates took a position
The British Are Coming . . .
Paul Revere & William Dawes make their
midnight ride to warn the Minutemen of
approaching British soldiers.
The Shot Heard ’Round the World!
Lexington & Concord – April 18,1775
Second Continental
Congress
May 1775
 13 colonies represented
 Established the Continental Army
 Declaration of the Causes and
Necessity of Taking Up Arms
 Olive Branch Petition

The Second Continental Congress
(1775)
Olive Branch Petition
Second Continental
Congress
 Effect
–Dismissed by George III
–Declared colonists rebels
–Banned trade with the
colonies
–Began to hire Hessians
The End