End of the Year Review #9 Q1 By the 1840s, voter participation in the presidential election reached • • • • • a) b) c) d) e) nearly 50 percent. 25 percent. 40 percent. 15 percent. nearly 80 percent Q1 By the 1840s, voter participation in the presidential election reached • • • • • a) b) c) d) e) nearly 50 percent. 25 percent. 40 percent. 15 percent. nearly 80 percent Q2 Match each individual below with the correct description. A. Andrew Jackson B. Henry Clay C. John Quincy Adams D. William Crawford • • • • • a) b) c) d) e) A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4 A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2 A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1 A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1 A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3 1. finished third in the electoral vote but was eliminated by illness 2. was elected president by the House of Representatives despite his weak popular appeal 3. threw his support to the winning candidate, inspiring charges of a "corrupt bargain" 4. finished first in the popular vote but lost in the House of Representatives Q2 Match each individual below with the correct description. A. Andrew Jackson B. Henry Clay C. John Quincy Adams D. William Crawford • • • • • a) b) c) d) e) A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4 A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2 A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1 A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1 A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3 1. finished third in the electoral vote but was eliminated by illness 2. was elected president by the House of Representatives despite his weak popular appeal 3. threw his support to the winning candidate, inspiring charges of a "corrupt bargain" 4. finished first in the popular vote but lost in the House of Representatives Q3 The House of Representatives decided the 1824 presidential election when • a) no candidate received a majority of the vote in the Electoral College. • b) William Crawford suffered a stroke and was forced to drop out of the race. • c) the House was forced to do so by “King Caucus.” • d) Henry Clay, as Speaker of the House, made the request. • e) widespread voter fraud was discovered. Q3 The House of Representatives decided the 1824 presidential election when • a) no candidate received a majority of the vote in the Electoral College. • b) William Crawford suffered a stroke and was forced to drop out of the race. • c) the House was forced to do so by “King Caucus.” • d) Henry Clay, as Speaker of the House, made the request. • e) widespread voter fraud was discovered. Q4 John Quincy Adams, elected president in 1825, was charged by his political opponents with having struck a “corrupt bargain” when he appointed _______________ to become__________ . • a) John C. Calhoun, vice president • b) William Crawford, chief justice of the United States • c) Henry Clay, secretary of state • d) Daniel Webster, secretary of state • e) John Eaton, secretary of the navy Q4 John Quincy Adams, elected president in 1825, was charged by his political opponents with having struck a “corrupt bargain” when he appointed _______________ to become__________ . • a) John C. Calhoun, vice president • b) William Crawford, chief justice of the United States • c) Henry Clay, secretary of state • d) Daniel Webster, secretary of state • e) John Eaton, secretary of the navy Q5 As president, John Quincy Adams • a) was more successful than as secretary of state. • b) adjusted to the New Democracy. • c) was one of the least successful presidents in American history. • d) put many of his supporters on the federal payroll. • e) was successful in getting his programs enacted into law. Q5 As president, John Quincy Adams • a) was more successful than as secretary of state. • b) adjusted to the New Democracy. • c) was one of the least successful presidents in American history. • d) put many of his supporters on the federal payroll. • e) was successful in getting his programs enacted into law. Q6 The purpose behind the spoils system was • a) to press those with experience into governmental service. • b) to make politics a sideline and not a full-time business. • c) to reward political supporters with public office. • d) to reverse the trend of rotation in office. • e) the widespread encouragement of a bureaucratic office-holding class. Q6 The purpose behind the spoils system was • a) to press those with experience into governmental service. • b) to make politics a sideline and not a full-time business. • c) to reward political supporters with public office. • d) to reverse the trend of rotation in office. • e) the widespread encouragement of a bureaucratic office-holding class. Q7 The spoils system under Andrew Jackson resulted in • a) a clean sweep of federal job holders. • b) the replacement of insecurity by security in employment. • c) the destruction of the personalized political machine. • d) the appointment of many corrupt and incompetent officials to federal jobs. • e) the same actions of those taken by John Quincy Adams. Q7 The spoils system under Andrew Jackson resulted in • a) a clean sweep of federal job holders. • b) the replacement of insecurity by security in employment. • c) the destruction of the personalized political machine. • d) the appointment of many corrupt and incompetent officials to federal jobs. • e) the same actions of those taken by John Quincy Adams. Q8 The section of the United States most hurt by the Tariff of 1828 was • a) New England. • b) the West. • c) the Southwest. • d) the South. • e) the middle states. Q8 The section of the United States most hurt by the Tariff of 1828 was • a) New England. • b) the West. • c) the Southwest. • d) the South. • e) the middle states. Q9 Southerners feared the Tariff of 1828 because • a) it would hurt their manufacturing sector. • b) this same power could be used to suppress slavery. • c) it might hurt Andrew Jackson's political career. • d) they were convinced that it would destroy the American woolen industry. • e) it could damage the chances of the American System's success. Q9 Southerners feared the Tariff of 1828 because • a) it would hurt their manufacturing sector. • b) this same power could be used to suppress slavery. • c) it might hurt Andrew Jackson's political career. • d) they were convinced that it would destroy the American woolen industry. • e) it could damage the chances of the American System's success. Q10 John C. Calhoun's South Carolina Exposition was an argument for • a) secession. • b) protective tariffs. • c) majority rule. • d) states' rights. • e) trade with England. Q10 John C. Calhoun's South Carolina Exposition was an argument for • a) secession. • b) protective tariffs. • c) majority rule. • d) states' rights. • e) trade with England. Q11 The nullification crisis of 1832–1833 erupted over • a) banking policy. • b) internal improvements. • c) tariff policy. • d) public land sales. • e) Indian policy. Q11 The nullification crisis of 1832–1833 erupted over • a) banking policy. • b) internal improvements. • c) tariff policy. • d) public land sales. • e) Indian policy. Q12 The South Carolina state legislature, after the election of 1832 • a) voted to abolish all federal legislation, with regard to tariffs, as unconstitutional. • b) declared the existing tariff constitutional and part of South Carolina law. • c) was taken over by a majority of Federalists. • d) voted to secede from the union. • e) declared the existing tariff null and void in South Carolina. Q12 The South Carolina state legislature, after the election of 1832 • a) voted to abolish all federal legislation, with regard to tariffs, as unconstitutional. • b) declared the existing tariff constitutional and part of South Carolina law. • c) was taken over by a majority of Federalists. • d) voted to secede from the union. • e) declared the existing tariff null and void in South Carolina. Q13 The Force Bill of 1833 provided that the • a) Congress could use the military for Indian removal. • b) Congress would employ the navy to stop smuggling. • c) President could use the army to collect excise taxes. • d) military could force citizens to track down runaway slaves. • e) President could use the army and navy to collect federal tariff duties. Q13 The Force Bill of 1833 provided that the • a) Congress could use the military for Indian removal. • b) Congress would employ the navy to stop smuggling. • c) President could use the army to collect excise taxes. • d) military could force citizens to track down runaway slaves. • e) President could use the army and navy to collect federal tariff duties. Q14 The nullification crisis started by South Carolina over the Tariff of 1828 ended when • a) Andrew Jackson used the court system to force compliance. • b) the federal army crushed all resistance. • c) Congress used the provisions of the Force Bill. • d) Congress passed the compromise Tariff of 1833. • e) South Carolina took over the collection of tariffs. Q14 The nullification crisis started by South Carolina over the Tariff of 1828 ended when • a) Andrew Jackson used the court system to force compliance. • b) the federal army crushed all resistance. • c) Congress used the provisions of the Force Bill. • d) Congress passed the compromise Tariff of 1833. • e) South Carolina took over the collection of tariffs. Q15 Andrew Jackson's administration supported the removal of Native Americans from the eastern states because • a) the Indians assimilated too easily into white society. • b) the Supreme Court ruled in favor of this policy. • c) whites wanted the Indians' lands. • d) Georgia and Florida tried to protect the Indians and their lands. • e) they continued their attacks on white settlements. Q15 Andrew Jackson's administration supported the removal of Native Americans from the eastern states because • a) the Indians assimilated too easily into white society. • b) the Supreme Court ruled in favor of this policy. • c) whites wanted the Indians' lands. • d) Georgia and Florida tried to protect the Indians and their lands. • e) they continued their attacks on white settlements. Q16 In their treatment of Native Americans, white Americans did all of the following except • a) recognize the tribes as separate nations. • b) argue that Indians could not be assimilated into the larger society. • c) try to civilize them. • d) trick them into ceding land to whites. • e) promise to acquire land only through formal treaties. Q16 In their treatment of Native Americans, white Americans did all of the following except • a) recognize the tribes as separate nations. • b) argue that Indians could not be assimilated into the larger society. • c) try to civilize them. • d) trick them into ceding land to whites. • e) promise to acquire land only through formal treaties. Q17 The policy of the Jackson administration toward the eastern Indian tribes was • a) a war of genocide. • b) gradual assimilation. • c) forced removal. • d) federal protection from state governments. • e) to encourage them to preserve their traditional culture. Q17 The policy of the Jackson administration toward the eastern Indian tribes was • a) a war of genocide. • b) gradual assimilation. • c) forced removal. • d) federal protection from state governments. • e) to encourage them to preserve their traditional culture. Q18 While in existence, the second Bank of the United States • a) was the depository of the funds of the national government. • b) irresponsibly inflated the national currency by issuing federal bank notes. • c) limited economic growth by extending public credit. • d) forced an ever-increasing number of bank failures. • e) did little to help the economy. Q18 While in existence, the second Bank of the United States • a) was the depository of the funds of the national government. • b) irresponsibly inflated the national currency by issuing federal bank notes. • c) limited economic growth by extending public credit. • d) forced an ever-increasing number of bank failures. • e) did little to help the economy. Q19 Andrew Jackson's veto of the recharter bill for the Bank of the United States was • a) the first presidential veto. • b) a major expansion of presidential power. • c) unconstitutional. • d) overturned by a two-thirds vote in Congress. • e) supported by the Anti-Masonic party. Q19 Andrew Jackson's veto of the recharter bill for the Bank of the United States was • a) the first presidential veto. • b) a major expansion of presidential power. • c) unconstitutional. • d) overturned by a two-thirds vote in Congress. • e) supported by the Anti-Masonic party. Q20 Andrew Jackson based his veto of the recharter bill for the Bank of the United States on • a) constitutional grounds exclusively. • b) advice from Henry Clay and other close advisors. • c) the Supreme Court's McCulloch v. Maryland decision. • d) the fact that he found the bill harmful to the nation as well as unconstitutional. • e) the belief that it was supported by the "necessary and proper" clause in the Constitution. Q20 Andrew Jackson based his veto of the recharter bill for the Bank of the United States on • a) constitutional grounds exclusively. • b) advice from Henry Clay and other close advisors. • c) the Supreme Court's McCulloch v. Maryland decision. • d) the fact that he found the bill harmful to the nation as well as unconstitutional. • e) the belief that it was supported by the "necessary and proper" clause in the Constitution. Q21 One of the main reasons Andrew Jackson decided to weaken the Bank of the United States after the 1832 election was • a) his fear that Nicholas Biddle might try to manipulate the bank to force its recharter. • b) his desire to halt the rising inflation rate that the bank had created before 1832. • c) his desire to fight the Specie Circular, which hurt the West. • d) that he lost money he had invested in it. • e) his desire to convince the Marshall court of its unconstitutionality. Q21 One of the main reasons Andrew Jackson decided to weaken the Bank of the United States after the 1832 election was • a) his fear that Nicholas Biddle might try to manipulate the bank to force its recharter. • b) his desire to halt the rising inflation rate that the bank had created before 1832. • c) his desire to fight the Specie Circular, which hurt the West. • d) that he lost money he had invested in it. • e) his desire to convince the Marshall court of its unconstitutionality. Q22 Supporters of the Whig party included all of the following except • • • • • a) b) c) d) e) opponents of public education. backers of southern states' rights. large northern industrialists. many evangelical Protestants. backers of the American System Q22 Supporters of the Whig party included all of the following except • • • • • a) b) c) d) e) opponents of public education. backers of southern states' rights. large northern industrialists. many evangelical Protestants. backers of the American System Q23 The cement that held the Whig party together in its formative days was • • • • • a) b) c) d) e) hatred of Andrew Jackson. support of the American System. opposition to the Anti-Masonic party. the desire for a strong president. opposition to the tariff. Q23 The cement that held the Whig party together in its formative days was • • • • • a) b) c) d) e) hatred of Andrew Jackson. support of the American System. opposition to the Anti-Masonic party. the desire for a strong president. opposition to the tariff. Q24 Texans won their independence as a result of the victory over Mexican armies at the Battle of • a) Santa Anna. • b) Goliad. • c) the Alamo. • d) San Jacinto. • e) the Rio Grande. Q24 Texans won their independence as a result of the victory over Mexican armies at the Battle of • a) Santa Anna. • b) Goliad. • c) the Alamo. • d) San Jacinto. • e) the Rio Grande. Q25 The War of 1812 was one of the worst fought wars in the United States history because • a) the American military strategy was hopelessly flawed. • b) no talented military commanders emerged. • c) of inadequate financing of the war. • d) the navy lacked skill and discipline. • e) of the nation's apathy and national disunity. Q25 The War of 1812 was one of the worst fought wars in the United States history because • a) the American military strategy was hopelessly flawed. • b) no talented military commanders emerged. • c) of inadequate financing of the war. • d) the navy lacked skill and discipline. • e) of the nation's apathy and national disunity. Q26 When the United States entered the War of 1812, it was • a) militarily unprepared. • b) allied with France. • c) united in support of the war. • d) fortunate to have a strong and assertive commander in chief. • e) clear what its political and military objectives were. Q26 When the United States entered the War of 1812, it was • a) militarily unprepared. • b) allied with France. • c) united in support of the war. • d) fortunate to have a strong and assertive commander in chief. • e) clear what its political and military objectives were. Q27 The performance of the United States' Navy in the War of 1812 could be best described as • a) poor and unsuccessful in every category. • b) less successful than that of the army. • c) courageous but strategically ineffective. • d) most effective on the Atlantic Ocean. • e) surprisingly successful. Q27 The performance of the United States' Navy in the War of 1812 could be best described as • a) poor and unsuccessful in every category. • b) less successful than that of the army. • c) courageous but strategically ineffective. • d) most effective on the Atlantic Ocean. • e) surprisingly successful. Q28 The British attack on Baltimore • a) resulted in another British victory. • b) was followed by the British invasion of Washington, D.C. • c) inspired the writing of "The Star-Spangled Banner." • d) was turned back in the Battle of Horseshoe Bend. • e) led to the composition of "The Battle Hymn of the Republic." Q28 The British attack on Baltimore • a) resulted in another British victory. • b) was followed by the British invasion of Washington, D.C. • c) inspired the writing of "The Star-Spangled Banner." • d) was turned back in the Battle of Horseshoe Bend. • e) led to the composition of "The Battle Hymn of the Republic." Q29 The Battle of New Orleans • a) resulted in one more American defeat. • b) helped the United States to win the War of 1812. • c) saw British troops defeated by Andrew Jackson's soldiers. • d) prevented America from taking Canada. • e) resulted in Louisiana becoming part of the United States. Q29 The Battle of New Orleans • a) resulted in one more American defeat. • b) helped the United States to win the War of 1812. • c) saw British troops defeated by Andrew Jackson's soldiers. • d) prevented America from taking Canada. • e) resulted in Louisiana becoming part of the United States. Q30 The delegates of the Hartford Convention adopted resolutions that demanded all of the following except • a) a single-term limit on the presidency. • b) a guarantee of no future wars with Britain. • c) financial compensation to New England for lost trade. • d) abolition of the three-fifths clause. • e) reduction in the amount of representation the South had in Congress. Q30 The delegates of the Hartford Convention adopted resolutions that demanded all of the following except • a) a single-term limit on the presidency. • b) a guarantee of no future wars with Britain. • c) financial compensation to New England for lost trade. • d) abolition of the three-fifths clause. • e) reduction in the amount of representation the South had in Congress. Q31 The resolutions from the Hartford Convention • a) helped to cause the death of the Federalist party. • b) resulted in the resurgence of states' rights. • c) called for southern secession from the union. • d) supported use of state militias against the British. • e) called for the West to join the War of 1812. Q31 The resolutions from the Hartford Convention • a) helped to cause the death of the Federalist party. • b) resulted in the resurgence of states' rights. • c) called for southern secession from the union. • d) supported use of state militias against the British. • e) called for the West to join the War of 1812. Q32 In diplomatic and economic terms, the War of 1812 • a) was a disaster for the United States. • b) could be considered the Second War for Independence. • c) had few significant consequences for Americans. • d) created permanent hostility between the United States and Canada. • e) made Americans more internationally minded. Q32 In diplomatic and economic terms, the War of 1812 • a) was a disaster for the United States. • b) could be considered the Second War for Independence. • c) had few significant consequences for Americans. • d) created permanent hostility between the United States and Canada. • e) made Americans more internationally minded. Q33 The outcome of the War of 1812 was a(n) • a) decisive victory for the United States. • b) stimulus to patriotic nationalism in the United States. • c) embarrassment for American diplomacy. • d) heavy blow to American manufacturing. • e) decisive victory for the British. Q33 The outcome of the War of 1812 was a(n) • a) decisive victory for the United States. • b) stimulus to patriotic nationalism in the United States. • c) embarrassment for American diplomacy. • d) heavy blow to American manufacturing. • e) decisive victory for the British. Q34 Post-War of 1812, nationalism could be seen in all of the following except • a) the way in which American painters depicted the beauty of American landscapes. • b) a revival of American religion. • c) the building of a more handsome national capital. • d) an expanded army and navy. • e) development of a national literature. Q34 Post-War of 1812, nationalism could be seen in all of the following except • a) the way in which American painters depicted the beauty of American landscapes. • b) a revival of American religion. • c) the building of a more handsome national capital. • d) an expanded army and navy. • e) development of a national literature. Q35 Henry Clay's call for federally funded roads and canals received whole-hearted endorsement from • a) President Madison. • b) New England. • c) the West. • d) Jeffersonian Republicans. • e) the South. Q35 Henry Clay's call for federally funded roads and canals received whole-hearted endorsement from • a) President Madison. • b) New England. • c) the West. • d) Jeffersonian Republicans. • e) the South. Q36 Democratic-Republicans opposed Henry Clay's American System because • a) it favored only the South. • b) it would provide stiff competition to the Erie Canal. • c) they believed that it was unconstitutional. • d) they thought it would center more control in Washington. • e) they believed in low tariffs and low taxes. Q36 Democratic-Republicans opposed Henry Clay's American System because • a) it favored only the South. • b) it would provide stiff competition to the Erie Canal. • c) they believed that it was unconstitutional. • d) they thought it would center more control in Washington. • e) they believed in low tariffs and low taxes. Q37 The Era of Good Feelings • a) was characterized by the absence of any serious problems. • b) was noted for cooperation between the Democratic-Republicans and the Federalists. • c) marked a temporary end to sectionalism by uniting all parts of the country. • d) was a misnomer, because the period was a troubled one. • e) saw the start of the Whig political party. Q37 The Era of Good Feelings • a) was characterized by the absence of any serious problems. • b) was noted for cooperation between the Democratic-Republicans and the Federalists. • c) marked a temporary end to sectionalism by uniting all parts of the country. • d) was a misnomer, because the period was a troubled one. • e) saw the start of the Whig political party. Q38 As a result of the Missouri Compromise • a) there were more slave than free states in the Union. • b) slavery was outlawed in all states north of the forty-second parallel. • c) slavery was banned north of 36° 30¢ in the Louisiana Purchase territory. • d) Missouri was required to free its slaves when they reached full adulthood. • e) there were more free states than slave states in the Union. Q38 As a result of the Missouri Compromise • a) there were more slave than free states in the Union. • b) slavery was outlawed in all states north of the forty-second parallel. • c) slavery was banned north of 36° 30¢ in the Louisiana Purchase territory. • d) Missouri was required to free its slaves when they reached full adulthood. • e) there were more free states than slave states in the Union. Q39 In McCulloch v. Maryland, Cohens v. Virginia, and Gibbons v. Ogden, Chief Justice Marshall's rulings limited the extent of • a) states' rights. • b) judicial review. • c) federalism. • d) constitutionalism. • e) federal authority. Q39 In McCulloch v. Maryland, Cohens v. Virginia, and Gibbons v. Ogden, Chief Justice Marshall's rulings limited the extent of • a) states' rights. • b) judicial review. • c) federalism. • d) constitutionalism. • e) federal authority. Q40 The Treaty of 1818 with England • a) used the watershed of the Missouri River to define the United States' border with Canada as far west as the Rocky Mountains. • b) formally recognized America's earlier conquest of West Florida. • c) called for a ten-year joint occupation of the Oregon country by both American citizens and British subjects. • d) granted Canada exclusive use of Newfoundland fisheries. • e) saw the United States forced to give up its tariffs on British goods. Q40 The Treaty of 1818 with England • a) used the watershed of the Missouri River to define the United States' border with Canada as far west as the Rocky Mountains. • b) formally recognized America's earlier conquest of West Florida. • c) called for a ten-year joint occupation of the Oregon country by both American citizens and British subjects. • d) granted Canada exclusive use of Newfoundland fisheries. • e) saw the United States forced to give up its tariffs on British goods. Q41 Andrew Jackson's military exploits were instrumental in the United States gaining • a) a favorable border with Canada from the Great Lakes to the Rocky Mountains. • b) possession of Florida from the Spanish. • c) joint fishing rights in Labrador, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland. • d) naval limitations on the Great Lakes. • e) gaining control of eastern Texas. Q41 Andrew Jackson's military exploits were instrumental in the United States gaining • a) a favorable border with Canada from the Great Lakes to the Rocky Mountains. • b) possession of Florida from the Spanish. • c) joint fishing rights in Labrador, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland. • d) naval limitations on the Great Lakes. • e) gaining control of eastern Texas. Q42 Spain sold Florida to the United States because it • a) wanted to help America to become a rival to Britain. • b) could not defend the area and would lose it in any case. • c) received America's promise to give up claims to Oregon. • d) was pulling out of the Western Hemisphere. • e) decided to concentrate its efforts in Mexico. Q42 Spain sold Florida to the United States because it • a) wanted to help America to become a rival to Britain. • b) could not defend the area and would lose it in any case. • c) received America's promise to give up claims to Oregon. • d) was pulling out of the Western Hemisphere. • e) decided to concentrate its efforts in Mexico. Q43 At the time it was issued, the Monroe Doctrine was • a) incapable of being enforced by the United States. • b) greeted with enthusiasm and gratitude in South America. • c) universally acclaimed in Britain as a great act of statesmanship. • d) welcomed with relief by European powers who feared British power in the Western Hemisphere. • e) opposed by both the Whigs and the DemocraticRepublicans. Q43 At the time it was issued, the Monroe Doctrine was • a) incapable of being enforced by the United States. • b) greeted with enthusiasm and gratitude in South America. • c) universally acclaimed in Britain as a great act of statesmanship. • d) welcomed with relief by European powers who feared British power in the Western Hemisphere. • e) opposed by both the Whigs and the DemocraticRepublicans. Q44 Latin America's reaction to the Monroe Doctrine can best be described as • a) enthusiastic. • b) fearful of the United States. • c) unconcerned or unimpressed. • d) relying on Britain to void it. • e) None of these Q44 Latin America's reaction to the Monroe Doctrine can best be described as • a) enthusiastic. • b) fearful of the United States. • c) unconcerned or unimpressed. • d) relying on Britain to void it. • e) None of these Q45 The Monroe Doctrine was • a) a striking new departure in American foreign policy. • b) quickly codified into international law. • c) a binding pledge on each subsequent presidential administration. • d) an expression of the illusion of deepening American isolationism from world affairs. • e) a commitment by the United States to internationalism. Q45 The Monroe Doctrine was • a) a striking new departure in American foreign policy. • b) quickly codified into international law. • c) a binding pledge on each subsequent presidential administration. • d) an expression of the illusion of deepening American isolationism from world affairs. • e) a commitment by the United States to internationalism.