Flowers
 Inflorescence types
Spike Raceme
Panicle
Umbel Head

Inflorescence types
Umbel

Structure- Compound Flower/
Sunflower

Flowers
 Composite Heads
Ray Flowers Disk Flowers Ray and Disk Flowers

Warm-up 03/15
Label the following 5 flower parts.
1. _________
2. _______
3. _______
5. _______
4. _______

Flower Morphology

Flower Anatomy

Structure: Flowersmissing parts


Floral Parts Structure Reproduction
Sepals, Petals, Complete Perfect
Stamens, Pistil
 Sepals, Stamens, Incomplete Perfect
Pistil
 Sepals, Stamens Incomplete Imperfect

Parts of the Flower
 Sepals
 Outer covering of the flower bud.


Protects the stamens and pistils when flower is in bud stage.
Collectively known as the calyx.

Parts of the Flower
 Petals




Brightly colored
Protects stamen & pistils.
Attracts pollinating insects.
Collectively called the corolla.

Parts of the Flower (Stamen)
 Male reproductive part


Anther
 Produces pollen
Filament
 Supports the anther

Parts of the Flower (Pistil)
 Female reproductive part


Ovary


Enlarged portion at base of pistil
Produces ovules which develop into seeds
Stigma
 Holds the pollen grains

Parts of the Flower (Pistil)
 Style


Connects the stigma with the ovary
Supports the stigma so that it can be pollinated

Parts of the Flower

Schematic of a Complete, Perfect Flower

Placentation
Marginal Axile
Parietal
Free central Apical
Basal

All Structures:

Ovary longitudinal section

Exposed Ovules

Fruit Types
 Dry, indehiscent fruit
 Dry, dehiscent fruit
 Fleshy fruit
 Other

 True
 Fleshy
 Dry
 Indehiscent
 dehiscent
 False

Dry, indehiscent fruits
 Achene (lettuce)
 Samara (maple)
 Caryposis (wheat)
 Nut (almond)

Dry, Dehiscent Fruit
 Legume (soybean)
 Capsule (tobacco)
 Silique (Arabidopsis)
 Schizocarp (maple)

Fleshy Fruits
 Drupe (peach, nectarine)
 Berry (tomato)
 Pepo (cucumber)
 Hesperidium (citrus)
 Hip (rose)
 Pome (apple, pear)

Other Fruit Types



Aggregate
 mature ovaries from separate pistils of one flower (ex. raspberry)
Multiple
 mature ovaries from separate pistils of several flowers
(ex. pineapple)
Accessory (False)
 fruit is something other than ovary tissue (ex. strawberry is a swollen receptacle, seeds are achenes)

Fleshy fruit types

SEED
Seed Structures
• Seed
• Seed coat
• Cotyledon
• Embryo
• Endosperm
• Hypocotyl
• Radicle
• Epicotyl (plumule)
Germination


Hypogeous
Epigeous

Monocots: single cotyledon; endosperm and cotyledon are separate.
Dicots: two cotyledons; endosperm is contained in the cotyledon.

Parts of a seed
 Dicot
 Monocot
Seed coat
Hypocotyl
Epicotyl
Cotyledons
Endosperm
Cotyledon
Seed coat
Epicotyl
Hypocotyl
Radicle

Seed Germination
Monocot Dicot
Epigeous
Hypogeous
Radicle

Warm-up 03/16
 Monocot or Dicot?
Monocot
1
2 Monocot
3 Dicot

Comparison of monocots & dicots


Monocotyledon


 grasses lilies, tulips trees: palm dicotyledon


 roses, asters grapes, beans trees: oak, maple,