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In General
Mostly aquatic life
Usually unicellular
Always Eukaryotic
Reproduction:
– Some asexual, some sexual,
some both
Animal-like
Plant-like
• Feeding:
– Most heterotrophic, some
autotrophic
• Kingdom for life that doesn’t
fit in animals, plant or fungi
• 3 main categories
Fungi-like
Analogy:
Kitchen junk drawer
Animal-Like Protista
• AKA: Protozoans
• Heterotrophic: pathogens,
parasites, predators
• Classified by how they
move:
1) Pseudopods : move w/
pseudopodia (false- feet)
– Engulf by phagocytosis
– Ex: Amoebas
Animal-Like Protista
• AKA: Protozoans
• Heterotrophic: pathogens,
parasites, predators
• Classified by how they
move:
1) Pseudopods : move w/
pseudopodia (false- feet)
– Engulf by phagocytosis
– Ex: Amoebas
Animal-Like Protista
• AKA: Protozoans
• Heterotrophic: pathogens,
parasites, predators
• Classified by how they
move:
1) Pseudopods : move w/
pseudopodia (false- feet)
– Engulf by phagocytosis
– Ex: Amoebas
2) Flagellates: move w/ flagella
– Ex: Trypanosoma causes
sleeping sickness
Giardia
causes
Vector: tsetse
fly
diarrhea
Trypanosoma
Animal-Like Protista
• AKA: Protozoans
• Heterotrophic: pathogens,
parasites, predators
• Classified by how they
move:
1) Pseudopods : move w/
pseudopodia (false- feet)
– Engulf by phagocytosis
– Ex: Amoebas
2) Flagellates: move w/ flagella
– Ex: Trypanosoma causes
sleeping sickness
Animal-Like Protista
• AKA: Protozoans
• Heterotrophic: pathogens,
parasites, predators
• Classified by how they
move:
1) Pseudopods : move w/
pseudopodia (false- feet)
– Engulf by phagocytosis
– Ex: Amoebas
2) Flagellates: move w/ flagella
– Ex: Trypanosoma causes
sleeping sickness
3) Ciliates: move w/ cilia
– Ex: Paramecia
Animal-Like Protista
• AKA: Protozoans
• Heterotrophic: pathogens,
parasites, predators
• Classified by how they
move:
1) Pseudopods : move w/
pseudopodia (false- feet)
– Engulf by phagocytosis
– Ex: Amoebas
2) Flagellates: move w/ flagella
– Ex: Trypanosoma causes
sleeping sickness
3) Ciliates: move w/ cilia
– Ex: Paramecia
Rotifers beat their cilia to create a current to
draw water into their “mouths”
Animal-Like Protista
• AKA: Protozoans
• Heterotrophic: pathogens,
parasites, predators
• Classified by how they
move:
1) Pseudopods : move w/
pseudopodia (false- feet)
– Engulf by phagocytosis
– Ex: Amoebas
2) Flagellates: move w/ flagella
– Ex: Trypanosoma causes
sleeping sickness
3) Ciliates: move w/ cilia
– Ex: Paramecia
Amoeba (pseudopod) eating Paramecia
(ciliates)
The paramecia start to freak out once they
start to be digested!
Animal-Like Protista &
Disease
• Malaria
– Cause: Plasmodium
– Vector: mosquitoes
– Effects in humans:
Fever, vomiting,
coma, death
Plasmodium
injected by
mosquito bite
Plasmodium
develop inside
your liver
Plasmodium
reproduce
inside your
RBCs
Plasmodium
reenters
mosquito
when bitten
Plant-like Protista
• AKA: Algae
• Plant-like: Photosynthetic
– No roots, no leaves, usually
unicellular
• Classified by their type of cell
wall
1) Euglenoids (Euglena): use
flagella to swim
– Plant-like: photosynthetic
– Animal-like: swim
Plant-like Protista
• AKA: Algae
• Plant-like: Photosynthetic
– No roots, no leaves, usually
unicellular
• Classified by their type of cell
wall
1) Euglenoids (Euglena): use
flagella to swim
– Plant-like: photosynthetic
– Animal-like: swim
Plant-like Protista
• AKA: Algae
• Plant-like: Photosynthetic
– No roots, no leaves, usually
unicellular
• Classified by their type of
cell wall
1) Euglenoids
– Plant-like: photosynthetic
– Animal-like: swim
2) Dinoflagellates
– Most plankton
– Basis of aquatic food
chains
3) Diatoms
– Glasslike shells
– Provide ~ ½ Earth’s O2
Plant-like Protista
• AKA: Algae
• Plant-like: Photosynthetic
– No roots, no leaves, usually
unicellular
• Classified by their type of
cell wall
1) Euglenoids
– Plant-like: photosynthetic
– Animal-like: swim
2) Dinoflagellates
– Most plankton
– Basis of aquatic food
chains
3) Diatoms
– Glasslike shells
– Provide ~ ½ Earth’s O2
Diatom Art!
Fungus-like Protista
• Decomposers: recycle
nutrients
• Mobile at stages of life
cycle
– Spores can develop cilia
• Slime Molds: large (~1
meter) single celled mass
of cytoplasm
– Fungus & animal-like
Fungus-like Protista
• Decomposers: recycle
nutrients
• Mobile at stages of life
cycle
– Spores can develop cilia
• Slime Molds: large (~1
meter) single celled mass
of cytoplasm
– Fungus & animal-like
Fungus-like Protista
• Decomposers: recycle
nutrients
• Mobile at stages of life
cycle
– Spores can develop cilia
• Slime Molds: large (~1
meter) single celled mass
of cytoplasm
– Fungus & animal-like
• Water molds: can be
parasitic
– Potato blight: disease
Fungus-like Protista
• Decomposers: recycle
nutrients
• Mobile at stages of life
cycle
– Spores can develop cilia
• Slime Molds: large (~1
meter) single celled mass
of cytoplasm
– Fungus & animal-like
• Water molds: can be
parasitic
– Potato blight: disease
Protista: The Origins of Multicellular Life
• Some protista are…
• 1) Single-celled
– Live by themselves
• 2) Colonial
– Group of independent
acting cells
– No specialized cells
• 3) Multicellular
– Cells specialized to be
specific jobs
• Importance: Ancestors of
multicellular life
This
is a colony
of cells
Unicellular
Euglena
called Volvox
Multicellular Kelp
Kingdom
Protista
Plant-like
Animal-like
1. Pseudopods
• Move with
false feet
2. Flagellates
• Move with
flagella
3. Ciliates
• Move with cilia
1. Diatoms
• Glass-like
shells
2. Dinoflagellates
• Plankton
3. Euglenoids
• Move like
animals,
autotrophs like
plants
Fungus-like
1. Slime molds
• Move like
animals,
absorb food
like fungi
2. Water molds
• Often parasites
• Responsible
for Irish Potato
Famine
Kobe Kuiz
• 1) Name the three categories of protista.
• 2) Which category of protista has members that are able to
move?
• 3) Which category of protista has members that absorb
nutrients?
• 4) Which category of protista has members that are
heterotrophs?
• 5) Which category of protista has members that hunt?
• 6) How does a pseudopod, flagella, and cilia differ?
• 7) Name the 3 major categories of protozoa.
• 8) Name the 3 major categories of algae.
• 9) Name the 2 major categories of fungus-like protista.