NON-FICTION REVIEW
English 1
Warm-Up 1/2/2013

Edit the following sentence:
tony was to have gave we boys
the movie reviews to right for
the school newspaper however
some other students writed it
We will cover …
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
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
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Authors Purpose
Independent and Dependent Clauses
Fragments/ Run-ons
Parts of Speech
Fact vs. Opinion
Main Idea and Supporting Details
Author’s Purpose
English I

How does this look on the EOC?
1. What is the author’s main purpose in writing this
selection?
A. to warn against the dangers of smoking cigarettes
B. to describe the life of a country doctor
C. to compare the jobs of rural and city doctors
D. to argue for the importance of a good bedside
manner
Author’s Purpose
 Every writer has a purpose in mind when he/she
writes.
 The purpose that the writer chooses will determine
what kind of style, word choice, and structure he or
she will use.
 You can determine the author's purpose by
watching the clues in word choice, style, tone, point
of view, and structure
 Authors write for three main reasons: to inform, to
entertain, or to persuade.
To Inform
 To teach
 To give information to the reader
 Just the facts, please! The writer leaves out his or
her personal opinions.
 The writer knows what he or she is talking about.
 The writing is objective and presents both sides of
an issue
 Examples are: News articles, Textbooks,
Biographies, Documentaries, Book Reports,
Instruction Manuals, Charts, Graphs, Tables, and
Maps
To Entertain
 To hold the attention of the reader through
enjoyment
 Includes fiction, like mystery novels, as well as plays,
poems, short stories, and comic books.
 Will often include factual information, and they will
often include the author's opinion or characters'
opinions. But overall, the purpose is the reader's
enjoyment
 Examples are: Novels, Short Stories, Poetry, and
Drama
To Persuade
 To convince the reader of a certain point of view
 Tries to convince the reader to agree with an
opinion, but the author will probably use facts to
build a strong argument.
 Part of being a good reader is noticing what the
writer doesn't say.
 If the author presents lots of facts, but they only
inform you about one side of an issue, the purpose
is probably to persuade.
 Examples are Advertisements, Editorials, Essays,
and Campaign Speeches
How do we identify the purpose?
Think:
1.
Who is the intended audience?
2.
What facts are identified facts?
3.
Are the facts intended to provide knowledge or to
entertain the reader?
4.
Are the facts being used to convince the reader of
something?
5.
Identify opinions and personal testimonies for
those opinions.
What is the purpose of the text below?
 Ex.1: Most experienced drivers would agree that while it is
more exhilarating to ride a motorcycle than to drive an
automobile, it is foolish to think that this leads to careless
driving and, therefore more accidents, deaths, and injuries
occur to motorcycle riders than car drivers.
1.
Who is the intended audience?
2.
What facts are identified facts?
3.
Are the facts intended to provide knowledge or to entertain the reader?
4.
Are the facts being used to convince the reader of something?
5.
Identify opinions and personal testimonies for those opinions.
The writer’s purpose in example number
one was to persuade.
What is the purpose of the text below?
 Ex.2: Every fourth of July, Ralph invites his whole family to
stay on the lake and make up a jeg. They called new dances
“jegs.” They danced, pranced and usually did a little shake.
They stuck out one leg and gave it a wiggle, aunt Lilly was
so big hers started to jiggle. They moved the one leg and
Jim said it was a cranky jeg. The 5 year old little brother
stood up and said no it’s the stanky leg.
1.
Who is the intended audience?
2.
What facts are identified facts?
3.
Are the facts intended to provide knowledge or to entertain the reader?
4.
Are the facts being used to convince the reader of something?
5.
Identify opinions and personal testimonies for those opinions.
The writer’s purpose in example number two is to
entertain.
What is the purpose of the text below?
 Ex. 3: There are nine historically Black Greek letter
organizations that make up the National Pan-Hellenic
Council. Collectively, these organizations are referred
to as "The Divine Nine." Each of these fraternities and
sororities is rich in history - ties to one or more of
these organizations may be found in many collegeeducated Black families in the United States.
1.
Who is the intended audience?
2.
What facts are identified facts?
3.
Are the facts intended to provide knowledge or to entertain the
reader?
4.
Are the facts being used to convince the reader of something?
5.
Identify opinions and personal testimonies for those opinions.
The purpose of example number three is
to inform.
Identify the author’s purpose of this text

Try the following one on your own, answering all of the questions we have
been practicing.
To the people of poor nations, we pledge to work alongside
you to make your farms flourish and let clean waters flow; to
nourish starved bodies and feed hungry minds. And to those
nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty, we say we can no
longer afford indifference to suffering outside our borders; nor
can we consume the world's resources without regard to effect.
For the world has changed, and we must change with it. Will
you work to help this nation is the question I ask of you.
Keep this in mind as we move on to our
reading for today
 NONFICTION WOOT WOOT!!!!
 Homework Due tomorrow!
The Lost boys
 Peter Pan
The Lost boys of Sudan
 Video Clip
MAPS!
MAPS!
Vocabulary
 civil war: conflict between groups in the same country or nation.
 Emigrant: person who moves from their existing country or
region to a new country or region.
 human migration: the movement of people from one place to
another.
 Immigrant: person who moves to a new country.
 Refugee: person who flees their home, usually due to natural
disaster or political upheaval.
 Resettlement: transportation of people to a new residential area,
usually following a natural or man-made disaster.
Today’s Reading
 You will read two nonfiction articles today about
the lost boys
 Once you have read each article you need to
identify the author’s purpose for each article
Finish early?
 Get started on your Author’s Purpose homework
Closing:
 What is your reaction to the Lost boys? How do you think you
would handle their situation?
 Tease for Tomorrow
 Many of the Lost Boys were resettled in America. Think about
the culture shock they faced? What are some things that we
take for granted that you think will be new to the lost boys?
Warm- Up: 1/3/2013
Edit the following Sentence:
in march them students will read the
short story a visit of charity which
was wrote in the twentieth century
INDEPENDENT/DEPENDENT
CLAUSES
English I
Independent and Dependent Clauses

An independent
clause can stand
alone.

However, a dependent
clause cannot stand
alone.
Independent and Dependent Clauses


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An independent
clause is a group of
words that contains a
subject and a verb
and expresses a
complete thought.
It can be a sentence
all on its own.
Ex: The dark barks.



A dependent clause is
a group of words that
contains a subject
and/or a verb but
does NOT express a
complete thought.
It cannot be a
complete sentence.
Ex: When the dog
barks.
Show me your independence!
Dependent (DC)

After spring break.
Independent (IC)



Since I stayed up late
to watch Kentucky vs.
Kansas.
After spring break, I
counted down the days
til the EOC.
I was tired since I
stayed up late
watching Kentucky vs.
Kansas.
Dependent Clauses (DC)
One way to identify a DC is to look for
subordinating conjunctions:
after
 although
 as
 because
 before
 even if
 even
though

if
 in order
that
 once
 provided
that
 rather
than

since
 so that
 than
 that
 though
 unless
until
 when

whenever
 where
 whereas
 wherever
 whether
 while
 why

What type of clause is it?
INDEPENDENT
DEPENDENT
“All the women who independent
Kim is always dependent on a
man! Reggie Bush, Kris
Humphries… and now, Kayne
West?
Throw your hands up at me.”
What type of clause is it?
INDEPENDENT
DEPENDENT
For the following sentences, identify if they are independent like the
Destiny’s Child song, or dependent like Kim Kardashian’s dating life..
HOT SEAT!
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3 at a time in order
Audience members must be silent unless called on
No helping those in the hot seat! (Do NOT shout out
answers)
No talking during transitions!
Everyone must participate!
What type of clause is it?
Duke had a disappointing basketball team.
What type of clause is it?
Even if we have to stay up late.
What type of clause is it?
You should download Nicki Minaj’s song
“Starships.”
What type of clause is it?
Because I thought it was going to be
warmer today.
Fragments, Run-on’s and Complete
Sentences

Fragments =
Dependent clause on its own, not a
complete thought

Run-ons =
2 or more independent clauses not
connected by a conjunction (FANBOYS),
comma, or semi-colon.
Correct Sentences
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Independent + conjunction + Independent
Dependent + Independent
Independent
Keep in mind you can have as many phrases as you
want as long as they make sense and help the
sentence make a complete thought:
 Ex:
Before you go to the dance, you need to clean your
room, wash the car, mow the lawn, and do the laundry.
Fragment, Run-on, or Complete?
If you are hungry, the only place that you
need to go is Sammy’s Restaurant and there
you should order the double bacon burger
and fries.
Fragment, Run-on, or correct?
It is on Seventh Avenue before you reach
the mall.
Fragment, Run-on, or complete?
I prefer a booth near one of the big
screen TVs I can see better that way.
Fragment, Run-on, or Complete?
Because Marcus and Christopher are
always talking about it.
Fragment, Run-on, or Complete?
The long luxurious summers with
beautiful flowers, green trees and
chirping birds.
What is culture?
Quick Read:


re-hitting nonfiction!
The Lost Boys
 PAGE
595- 597
 Starting at “NIGHTIME IN AMERICA?”
Cultural Identity

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

Imagine never getting to return to your home. How
would you keep your traditions alive and make your
own home away from home.
3 Video Clips
As you go answer the questions in complete
sentences.
If you finish the questions begin working on your
homework (dependent and independent half sheet)
Answer these questions on the back of
your paper:
What is your reaction to the Lost boys?
How do you think you would handle their
situation?
 Many of the Lost Boys were resettled in
America. Think about the culture shock
they faced? What are some things that
we take for granted that you think will
be new to the lost boys?

Warm-up: 1/4

Edit the following sentence:
your to use one third cup of sugar
according to the cookbook
desserts made simple

Remember you will turn your warm ups (all 3 on one
page) after we review the correct answers!
Agenda: Skill Review day



Review Main Idea: police blotter
Review Fact vs. opinion: group work
Video clip (15) (author’s bias)
Inference

An educated guess about something or something
based on …
Inference

An educated guess about something or something
based on …
 What
you know (background knowledge)
 Clues from the text
 Inference
Equation:
 ______________ + _____________=inference
Independent Practice




You will need to use your inferring skills to answer
the following sentence.
Answer in a 3 to 5 sentence paragraph (with
complete sentences of course)
Independent and silent
6 min on the clock
What do the following experiences tell you
about the boys lives in the camp?

Looking over a map of Houston, one boy asks, “Is all of this our village?”

“In America, a man can’t touch another man like that. They’ll think you’re a
homosexual.”

Santino doesn’t save his receipts from his money order and has no proof he has
paid his rent.

Peter can get into high school because, “In South Sudan, most people aren’t born in
hospitals. Our ages are just a guess.”

Santino purchases and drives a car without a license.

Santino doesn’t think twice about paying the rent for

his friends when they lose their jobs.
Fact vs. Opinion


A statement of fact expresses only what actually
happened, or what could be proven by objective
data.
A statement of opinion expresses an attitude
toward something – it makes a judgment, view,
or conclusion, or gives an opinion that cannot
be proven true or false.
Fact vs. Opinion

To see if something is a fact ask yourself:
 Can this be proved?
Does this tell a thought or a feeling
 Would this statement be true all the
time?
Example:
Fact and Opinion on Jersey Shore
 Fact: The show features the lives of 8
roommates who live together during the summers
at the Jersey Shore.
Opinion: The show reinforces negative
stereotypes of Italian Americans and should be
banned from television.

Author’s Bias

When an author presents a informational piece
but skews the facts to one side or presents
opinions as facts.
Author’s bias is dangerous because it hurts their
credibility, or their believability.

Now Put it all together
Before we watch the video clip read the excerpt below:
At the beginning of their journey, the boys have a
positive view of the U.S.: “We have heard that America is a
good place. The journey is like you are going to heaven.”
After several months in the U.S., Santino says, “If I was a
bird, I would fly to Africa one day and go to the
orientation, and tell them that what you are telling people
here is all lies.” At the reunion, one of the other boys says,
“Life here is challenging. Back in Kakuma we thought of
America as so great. But now it’s clear there is no heaven
on earth.” In your view, what accounted for their original
beliefs and what kinds of things accounted for the change?
Video clip
Now as we watch the video clip notice the
difference in tone and mood.

Think about how it differs from the quotes
above and the other video clips we saw
yesterday.

 60
Minutes - The Lost Boys of Sudan
 http://vimeo.com/26288723
ESSAY:
The following essay will be graded as a quiz because you will need all of the skills
we have reviewed this week to be successful. You must answer all of the following
questions in your essay. This is a formal essay (so use complete sentences, and no
contractions or text speak) and should be 5 to 7 complete sentences
Questions:
 What is the main idea of the video clip?
 How does the clip differ in mood and tone form the quotes above and the
other videos we saw?
 Does this difference show an author’s bias? (Hint: is there a pro-American
angle?)
 How does this impact the purpose of the video? Do you think is purely
informational or maybe has a entertainment or persuasive edge?
 Did they use more facts or opinions to tell us about the Lost Boys?