Diversity Programs
Lula Beatty, PhD
Health Disparities Initiative
American Psychological Association
Objectives
• To briefly describe the need for diversity programs
• To discuss how diversity programs can enhance your
career
• To describe strategies for finding and applying for
diversity programs and opportunities
• To encourage you to persist
Race And Ethnicity Representation
of Research Grants
All
African
Amer.1 Hispanic2
Fiscal
Year
White1
2000
2001
2002
2003
86.2%
85.7%
85.2%
84.4%
1.3%
1.3%
1.5%
1.6%
2.9%
2.9%
3.1%
3.3%
11.4%
12.1%
12.4%
13.2%
2004
2005
83.5%
82.8%
1.7%
1.7%
3.3%
3.5%
14.1%
14.8%
2006
82.1%
1.8%
3.5%
15.4%
1Race
Other3
Data may contain individuals reporting Hispanic Ethnicity, as well as individuals reporting more than one race
3Includes
Asian, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, and American Indian or Alaskan
Hispanic” includes Hispanic Race, plus individuals reporting Hispanic Ethnicity (for these individuals the data
includes individuals who are represented in one or more of the racial groups).
2“All
NIH Research Participation by
Race/Ethnicity, 2011
• “An analysis, performed by a team of researchers
primarily supported by the National Institutes of Health
(NIH) and published in this issue of Science, reveals
that from 2000 to 2006, black grant applicants were
significantly less likely to receive NIH research funding
than were white applicants. The gap in success rates
amounted to 10 percentage points, even after
controlling for education, country of origin, training,
employer characteristics, previous research awards,
and publication record. Their analysis also showed a
gap of 4.2 percentage points for Asians; however, the
differences between Asian and white award
probabilities were explained by exclusion of
noncitizens from the analysis”.
Source: Lawrence Tabak and Francis Collins, Science, August 18, 2011, volume 333.
Other Diversity Measures
• Gender
• Disadvantaged (sometimes measured by
poverty level, first generation college)
• Disability status
Where some of us are
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111,000 Blacks held PhDs in 2007
787 – number of Black PhD grads in 1987
1688 – number of Black PhD grads in 2005
38.7% of new Black PhD grads in 1977 were women
64.9% of new Black PhD grads in 2005 were women
68% of Black PhDs plan to obtain jobs in higher education,
compared to 57% of white PhDs
Percentage of African American faculty with tenure declined from
40.8 % in 1993 to 38.1 % in 2003
At least 70% of all Black PhDs aren’t employed in full-time jobs (no
pensions or medical benefits)
In 2002, 8% of full time faculty were Black and Hispanic
Female professors are more likely to be instructors/lecturers and
teaching at public community colleges
(From: Anderson, Black Educator, 2007; Marable, 2008; Gutierrez y Muhs, Niemann, Gonzalez & Harris, 2013)
Significance of the Disparity
• The U.S. scientific workforce does not reflect the diversity
of the U.S. population
• Threatens the country’s standing as the premiere scientific
research leader
• May contribute to slower progress in effectively addressing
health disparities/population health
Sources:
Consortium of Social Science Associations (COSSA) (2013). Enhancing diversity in science working together to develop common data,
measures, and standards. Washington, DC: COSSA. Accessible at www.cossa.org
Working Group on Diversity in the Biomedical Research Workforce (WGDBRW) ( June 13, 2012). Draft report of the Advisory Committee to
the Director Working Group on Diversity in the Biomedical Research Workforce, 2012. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Accessible
at http://acd.od.nih.gov/Diversity%20in%20the%20Biomedical%20Research%20Workforce%20Report.pdf
Remedies
• Encourage and support mentoring efforts
• Develop diversity policy and programs -- specific programs to
address the disparity or difference
– Title IX. a portion of the Education Amendments of 1972, Public Law
No. 92-318, 86 Stat. 235 (June 23, 1972), No person in the United
States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be
denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any
education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance
– The National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities
established by the passage of the Minority Health and Health
Disparities Research and Education Act of 2000. Public Law 106-525,
was signed by the President of the United States on November 22,
2000.
– NIH, Research Supplements to Promote Diversity in Biomedical
Research
– NHLBI PRIDE program
About You:
# 1 Career Mistake (Greg McKeown): Spreading yourself too thin
Develop your “sweet spot”, where your passion, talent and opportunity intersect
Market
(Funding
opportunity)
Talent
Passion
What do you need to succeed in
research and academia?
• Personal readiness (e.g., vision, commitment,
persistence)
• Competency (knowledge, skills, e.g., writing,
research design)
• Professional and social skills
• Ability to welcome, embrace and
constructively use criticism
• Integrity
People
• People to
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listen
guide and navigate
open doors
teach
critique
confirm your competency
identify resources
provide opportunities
share/give credit
encourage/console/carry
you when you need it
– show you the money
Money and Things
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Money
– Pursue scholarly activities/ Pay tuition
– Ensure physical well-being (e.g., food and shelter)
– Have/Support your family
– Participate in career and professional development activities, e.g., attend this meeting
– Stay sane, reduce stress
– Buy things (e.g., pilot study, data sets, meeting travel)
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Things
– Equipment
– Books
◦ Trips
◦ Workshops
◦ Research data/expenses
◦ Training and career development experiences
◦ Computer software
◦ Services (editing, library)
(Thanks, Suze Orman)
Academic Career Requirements/Expectations
• Generate funds
– Overhead/Indirect
– Cover percentage of salary
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Publish
Communicate effectively
Committee/Team work
Teach
Service
Continuous learning (staying current)
“On-call” 24-7 (professional identity)
Challenges
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The gender wage gap has not budged for a decade and the problem is worse for
African American women and Latinas (AAUW Executive Director, Linda Hallman)
Same old racism (Manning Marable);racial battle fatigue (William Smith)
Incompetence, not errors (Jessica Henderson Daniels)
Typical problems experienced by African American women faculty and
administrators (Moses, 1989 cited in Presumed Incompetent, 2013)
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Constant challenges or being viewed as “other” and therefore believed to be inferior
Lack of professional support systems
Excessive scrutiny by peers, superiors, and students
An unstated requirement to work harder to gain recognition and respect
Assumptions that positions were acquired through affirmative action and that therefore the
faculty members lacked the necessary qualifications
– Tokenism, that is, being viewed as a symbol of race rather than as an individual
– Denial of access to power structures normally associated with their position(s)
What should a good diversity program
offer?
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Career related support (e.g., academic, courses)*
Psychosocial support *
Role modeling*
Research experiences (including publications, grant
development, presentations)
• Networking/Exposure to others in the field
• Professional behavior
• Personal insights
(*Ensher, Heun & Blanchard, 2003)
Diversity Programs
• Institutional programs
– Programs awarded to universities or organizations
that in turn recruit students
– Capacity development programs that include
development plans for the institution, faculty
and/or students
• Individual programs, individual applies for
own individual award, e.g., fellowship
Diversity Programs Homes
• Federal Programs
– National Institutes of Health
– National Science Foundation
• Professional Associations
– American Psychological Association
– AAAS (American Association of Sciences)
• Foundations
– Robert Woods Johnson
• Others
NIH 101
• Primary mission is to uncover new knowledge
that will lead to better health for everyone
– Science in pursuit of fundamental knowledge about
the nature and behavior of living systems and the
application of that knowledge to extend healthy life
and reduce the burdens of illness and disability
• Research is primary activity (not service,
demonstrations, evaluations)
• Research training and health information
dissemination are other key activities
NIH 101
• 27 institutes and centers (ICs) with distinct
disease or research mission, separate budget,
and administrative autonomy
• Common NIH mechanisms available to but not
required of ICs
• Unique programs offered by ICs
• Grantees are institutions, not individuals
• Common review criteria and system
National Institutes of Health
Resources
• Supports about $31 billion per year in medical
research
• More than 80% of the NIH's funding is awarded
through almost 50,000 competitive grants to more
than 300,000 researchers at more than 2,500
universities, medical schools, and other research
institutions in every state and around the world
• About 10% of the NIH's budget supports intramural
projects
• Supports about 18,000 pre- and post-docs
• Has staff of about 18,000
Research Supplements to Promote Diversity
in Health-Related Research
• NIH-wide program (Research Supplements to
Promote Diversity in Health-Related Research
PA-08-190 )
• Supplements certain active grants that have
sufficient time
• ICs vary on participation and implementation
• Provides mentoring/training for an identified
individual from underrepresented or
disadvantaged population
– Racial/Ethnic Minority
– Disabled
– Disadvantaged Background
Diversity Supplements
• Supports persons at five levels:
– High school
– Undergraduates
– Graduate students
– Post doctoral
– Investigators
• Type/Amount of support varies with levels
• Review by NIDA committee with program
representatives (exception: undergrads
reviewed within office)
NIH Research Training Programs
Kirschstein National Research
Service Awards (NRSA)
Fellowships (Fs)
Predoctoral Individual NRSA
(F30, F31)
Postdoctoral Individual NRSA
(F32)
Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service
Awards for Individual Predoctoral
Fellowships to Promote Diversity in
Health-Related Research (Parent F31 Diversity)
Institutional Training Grants (Ts)
Pre/Postdoctoral Training Support
(T32)
Career Development Awards (Ks)
Mentored Ks:
Mentored Research Scientist
Development Award (K01)
Mentored Clinical Scientist Development
Award (K08)
Mentored Clinical Scientist Development
Program Award (K12)
NIDA Scholars Program (K22)
Mentored Patient Oriented Research
Career Development Award (K23)
Mentored Quantitative Research Career
Development Award (K25)
Independent Career Scientists:
Independent Scientist Award (K02)
Mid-Career Investigator in Patient
Oriented Research Award (K24)
Senior Scientist Award (K05)
NIH and NIDA Missions
(Example of IC distinct programs)
 NIH
Science in pursuit of fundamental knowledge about the nature and
behavior of living systems and the application of that knowledge to
extend healthy life and reduce the burdens of illness and disability
 NIDA
To lead the nation in bringing the power of science to
bear on drug abuse and addiction, through support and
conduct of research across a broad range of disciplines
ensuring rapid and effective dissemination and use of
research results to improve prevention, treatment and
policy
NIDA Major Programs
◦ Diversity Supplement Program
◦ Summer Research with NIDA
◦ Research Development Seminar Series
◦ Diversity-promoting Institutions Drug Abuse
Research Program (DIDARP)
◦ Expert Racial/Ethnic Minority Work Groups
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Asian American/Pacific Islander Researchers and Scholars
National Hispanic Science Network
African American Researchers and Scholars
American Indian/Alaska Native Researchers and Scholars
Summer Research with NIDA
• NIDA facilitates matching of students and
investigators
• Provides 8-10 week research placement with a
NIDA investigator
• Announcement released in late fall
• Application due date is winter
• Selections made in spring
• Students start in June
Selected Student Programs
Opportunities Available
• Summer Internship Program in Biomedical Research (SIP). Program
Description: Summer programs at the National Institutes of Health (NIH)
provide an opportunity to spend a summer working at the NIH side-byside with some of the leading scientists in the world, in an environment
devoted exclusively to biomedical research. The NIH consists of the 240bed Mark O. Hatfield Clinical Research Center and more than 1200
laboratories/research projects located on the main campus in Bethesda,
MD and the surrounding area as well as in Baltimore and Frederick, MD;
Research Triangle Park, NC; Phoenix, AZ; Hamilton, MT; Framingham, MA;
and Detroit, MI. NOTE: the number of positions in Phoenix, Hamilton,
Framingham, and Detroit is limited.
• Internships cover a minimum of eight weeks, with students generally
arriving at the NIH in May or June. The NIH Institutes and the Office of
Intramural Training & Education sponsor a wide range of summer activities
including lectures featuring distinguished NIH investigators,
career/professional development workshops, and Summer Poster Day.
NIH: New Opportunities
$50 million over 10 years
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BUILD. Building Infrastructure Leading to Diversity. It will give about 150 new
undergraduate students per year (for total of 600 students) up to 2-year tuition
scholarships, research experiences in summer and after college, and possibly
graduate loan repayment.
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“Primary sites" will be institutions with less than $7.5 million a year in NIH research
funding and a significant number of students on Pell grants; institutions will form
partnerships with research institutions at which the students can get lab experience.
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National Mentoring Network, for young minority researchers.
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The agency will work to ensure fairness in peer review, for instance by exploring
whether reviewers have unconscious racial biases and by pilot testing reviews of
anonymized applications.
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@ $50 million a year over 10 years, most of which will go to BUILD; funded from
NIH's cross-institute Common Fund.
National Science Foundation
• An independent federal agency created by Congress in
1950
• Mission is "to promote the progress of science; to
advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare; to
secure the national defense…"
• Annual budget of about $7.0 billion (FY 2012)
• Funding source for approximately 20 percent of all
federally supported basic research conducted by
America's colleges and universities.
• NSF is the major source of funding In many fields such
as mathematics, computer science and the social
sciences
National Science Foundation
CREST Program
• The Centers of Research Excellence in Science and
Technology (CREST) program provides support to enhance
the research capabilities of minority-serving institutions
through the establishment of centers that effectively
integrate education and research. CREST promotes the
development of new knowledge, enhancements of the
research productivity of individual faculty, and an expanded
presence of students historically underrepresented in
science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)
disciplines. HBCU-RISE awards specifically target HBCUs to
support the expansion of institutional research capacity as
well as an increase in the production of doctoral students,
especially those from groups underrepresented in STEM, at
those institutions.
Federal Executive Departments
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Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Department of Commerce (DOC)
Department of Defense (DOD)
Department of Education (ED)
Department of Energy (DOE)
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)
Department of Justice (DOJ)
Department of Labor (DOL)
Department of State (DOS)
Department of the Interior (DOI)
Department of the Treasury
Department of Transportation (DOT)
Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)
Independent Government Agencies
and Corporations (Dozens!)
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CIA
Commission on Civil Rights
Environmental Protection Agency
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
NASA
National Endowment for the Arts
National Science Foundation
Peace Corp
Small Business Administration
Social Security Administration
United States Agency for International Development
U.S. Postal Service
American Psychological Foundation
• APA’s mission is to advance the creation,
communication and application of
psychological knowledge to benefit society
and improve people’s lives.
American Psychological Association Resources
(to advance the creation, communication and application of psychological
knowledge to benefit society and improve people’s lives)
• Advocacy training
• Minority Fellowship Program
• Various short-term training programs, e.g.,
summer research development
• Convention program includes continuing
education workshops, grants development and
assistance (e.g., Women’s Program Office)
• Publications
• Multicultural summit (every two years)
• Division programs
APA
• APA Congressional Fellowship Program
• The purpose of this fellowship is to provide
psychologists with an invaluable public policy
learning experience, to contribute to the more
effective use of psychological knowledge in
government and to broaden awareness about the
value of psychology-government interaction
among psychologists and within the federal
government.
• Deadline: January 11, 2013
American Psychological Foundation:
Grants for Students
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APF/COGDOP Graduate Student Scholarships: $1,000 to $5,000 general scholarships
for graduate students in psychology.
Benton-Meier Scholarships: $2,500 scholarships for neuropsychology graduate
students.
Henry P. David Research Grant: $1,500 for work in the behavioral aspects of human
reproductive behavior or an area related to population concerns.
Henry P. David Travel Grant: $1,500 for work in the behavioral aspects of human
reproductive behavior or an area related to population concerns.
Violet and Cyril Franks Scholarship: $5,000 for work in stigma related to mental illness.
Randy Gerson Memorial Grant: $6,000 for work in the systemic understanding of
couple and/or family dynamics and/or multigenerational processes.
Paul E. Henkin Travel Grant: $1,000 to defer the costs of registration, lodging, and
travel for student members of APA Division 16 to attend the APA Annual Convention.
Elizabeth Munsterberg Koppitz Fellowships: $25,000 fellowships for graduate students
in child psychology.
F.J. McGuigan Dissertation Award: $2,000 to support dissertation research on the
materialistic understanding of the human mind, both empirically and theoretically.
American Psychological Foundation:
Grants for Students
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Scott and Paul Pearsall Scholarship: $10,000 to support work that seeks to increase the public’s
understanding of the psychological pain and stigma experienced by adults who live with physical
disabilities, such as cerebral palsy.
Roy Scrivner Memorial Grant: $12,000 annual grant for empirical and applied research focused
on lesbian, gay and bisexual family psychology and lesbian, gay and bisexual family therapy.
Esther Katz Rosen Fellowships: $20,000 for work related to the psychological understanding of
gifted children and youth.
Ungerleider/Zimbardo Travel Scholarships: $300 travel awards for seven graduate students to
present their papers at the APA Annual Convention.
Lizette Peterson-Homer Grant: $5,000 for research on the prevention of injuries in children and
adolescents through accidents, violence, abuse or suicide.
Wayne F. Placek Grants: $15,000 to support empirical research from all fields of the behavioral
and social sciences on any topic related to lesbian, gay or bisexual issues.
Visionary Grants: up to $20,000 to seed innovation through supporting research, education and
intervention projects and programs.
Drs. Rosalee G. and Raymond A. Weiss Research and Program Innovation Grants: $2,500 to seed
innovation through supporting research, education, and intervention projects and programs.
American Psychological Foundation:
Grants for Early Career Psychologists
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John and Polly Sparks Early Career Grant For Psychologists Investigating Serious Emotional
Disturbance (SED): $10,000 for research in the area of early intervention and treatment
for serious emotional disturbance in children.
APF/AAPA Okura Mental Health Leadership Foundation Fellowship: $20,000 to support
psychology’s efforts to benefit the Asian American and Pacific Islander community
through research.
Theodore Blau Early Career Award: $4,000 to honor a clinical psychologist for professional
accomplishments in clinical psychology.
Kenneth B. and Mamie P. Clark Grant: This fund supports research projects intended to
lead to an increased understanding of personal factors, social arrangements, social
institutions and physical factors affecting the well being of disesteemed or
disadvantaged persons.
Culbertson Travel Grant: $1,500 to support women from developing countries who are in
the early stages of their careers by providing travel funds to attend conferences in
psychology.
Henry P. David Research Grant: $1,500 for work in the behavioral aspects of human
reproductive behavior or an area related to population concerns.
Henry P. David Travel Grant: $1,500 for work in the behavioral aspects of human
reproductive behavior or an area related to population concerns.
American Psychological Foundation:
Grants for Early Career Psychologists
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Division 37 Diane J. Willis Early Career Award: $2,000 to support talented young psychologists
making contributions towards informing, advocating for and improving the mental health and wellbeing of children and families particularly through policy.
Division 29 Early Career Award: $2,500 to recognize promising contributions to psychotherapy.
Robert L. Fantz Award: $2,000 to support careers of promising young investigators conducting
scientific research on perceptual-cognitive development and development of selective attention.
F. J. McGuigan Early Career Investigator Prize: $25,000 to support research that aims to advance,
both empirically and theoretically, a materialistic understanding of the human mind.
Pearson Early Career Grant: $12,000 to support early career psychologists to work in an area of
critical social need.
Lizette Peterson-Homer Grant: $5,000 for research on the prevention of injuries in children and
adolescents through accidents, violence, abuse or suicide.
Wayne F. Placek Grants: $15,000 to support empirical research from all fields of the behavioral
and social sciences on any topic related to lesbian, gay or bisexual issues.
Esther Katz Rosen Early Career Research Grant: Up to $50,000 to promote an early career
psychologist whose work centers on the psychological understanding of gifted and talented
children and adolescents.
Visionary Grants: up to $20,000 to seed innovation through supporting research, education and
intervention projects and programs.
Drs. Raymond A. and Rosalee G. Weiss Program and Innovation Fund Grants: $2,500 to seed
innovation through supporting research, education, and intervention projects and programs.
Frequently Asked Questions about the MFP Psychology Summer Institute
Do I have to be a Minority Fellowship Program Fellow in order to apply?
No, anyone who meets the eligibility requirements may apply.
At what point in your education/career is it most beneficial to apply to PSI?
PSI is designed to aid participants during key transition points in their careers. If you are at such
a point in your career, and if you are looking for additional guidance and training to help you
navigate your transition to the next level, then PSI will benefit you.
Do I have to be an ethnic minority to apply for PSI?
No, you can apply as long as you are a U.S. citizen, permanent resident or non-citizen national.
You will be considered for the fellowship if your career focuses on providing behavioral health
services to ethnic minority communities.
When are selection decisions made regarding PSI?
Awards are announced in June.
How many applicants apply and are accepted each year?
Around 60-80 applications are usually received; approximately 20 spots are available each year.
What types of changes might our PSI mentors make to our projects?
A mentor would not ask you to change the focus of your study, but the mentor could certainly
provide suggestions to help sharpen it that would require some changes on your part.
How much does it cost to attend PSI?
Travel, food and lodging are covered while one is attending.
When must my dissertation proposal be completed in order to be eligible?
Your dissertation proposal must be approved prior to the submission of the application (due
date May 1). If you are predoctoral, you must submit proof of acceptance with your application.
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
an international non-profit organization dedicated to advancing science around the
world by serving as an educator, leader, spokesperson and professional association
• To strengthen and diversify the science and
technology workforce is a stated goal
• Entry Point! is the signature program of the
AAAS Project on Science, Technology, and
Disability (identifies and recruits students with apparent and
non-apparent disabilities studying in science, engineering,
mathematics, computer science, and some fields of business for
outstanding internship and co-op opportunities)
• MySciNet: Minority Scientists Network
Bringing scientists and engineers together on Science Careers.
New Connections
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
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New Connections: Increasing Diversity of RWJF Programming is a national program
of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) with technical assistance and
direction provided by OMG Center for Collaborative Learning located in
Philadelphia, PA. New Connections is a program of the Building Human Capital
portfolio (www.rwjf.org/humancapital) at RWJF which works to develop and retain
a diverse, well-trained leadership and workforce in health and healthcare to meet
the needs of all Americans. Created in 2005, New Connections is designed to
expand the diversity of perspectives that inform RWJF program strategy and
introduce new researchers and scholars to the Foundation.
New Connections seeks to increase the exposure of RWJF to researchers and
experts that represent historically underrepresented research communities
New Connections works with early- to mid-career scholars who:
– Have not received prior funding from RWJF as a principal investigator or through a program
contract.
– And are members of ethnic or racial minority or low-income communities and/or the first in
their family to receive a college degree.
– Fundamentally, the New Connections program offers access to research funding opportunities
as well as career development and mentoring activities.
What does a participant need to know, give and do for
individual and program success?
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Know the mission and goals of the program/opportunity
See and present yourself as a scholar and scientist
Be flexible and open
Participate fully
Do the hard work:
– Take the courses needed for the knowledge base required
– Seek experiences to further your skills base and concomitantly your network
Have agreed upon specific work plan and outcomes , e.g., grant writing, publication,
lab technique
Provide good, constructive feedback as appropriate
Fulfill your obligations to the program, to the extent possible
Stay in touch with the program (tracking long-term success)
Make friends/Expand your network
Ask questions
Enjoy the experience
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Luck is what happens when preparation meets opportunity
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(Seneca, Roman philosopher)
When you apply…
• Know what the program offers and that it fits your
interests and competencies
• Provide all the requested information
• Write clearly; have someone read and proof
• Be wary of revealing too much personal information
• Be sure of the quality and enthusiasm of your
recommendations
• Submit on time
• Request exceptions and extensions only in the case of a
real emergency
Lula Beatty
lbeatty@apa.org
202-336-6036