What is Biology?
Biology is the Study of Life
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Biologist study the
interactions of life.
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Entomologist
Anthropologist
Ornithologist
Botanist
Zoologist
How does science define life?
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There are 8 different Characteristics that an
organism must have to be considered.
What might these be?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=juxLuo-sH6M
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Share with the person next to you and
come up with 8 characteristics of all living
things.
Cells/Organization
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Living things are highly
organized: they are all
composed of tiny living
units called cells.
Cells are the smallest units
that are considered alive.
Some organisms consist of
only a single cell, others
have trillions.
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Multicellular
Unicellular
Image from: http://www.time.com/time/daily/special/genetics/ethics.html
Obtain and use energy
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Living things take in
energy to grow, develop
and reproduce.
The chemical reactions
that build up or break
down materials is called
metabolism.
Image from
http://photographytips.com/page.cfm/3575
Reproduction
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Individual organisms
die, but the species
continues because of
reproduction.
Reproduction without
genetic contribution
from two parents is
called asexual.
Sexual reproduction
produces offspring with
genetic material from
both parents.
Imae from
http://www.karlloren.com/biopsy/p66.htm
Image from
http://www.cccturtle.org/contents.htm
Growth and Development
Living things grow over
their lifetimes.
 Single- celled
organisms increase their
volume and
multicellular organisms
add to the number of
cells in their body.
 Development example:
seed to apple tree
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Image from
http://www.sosun.com/company.html
Response to the Environment
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When presented with
the proper stimulus, a
living organism will
respond.
Example: chemical
produced by a plant
to keep caterpillars
away.
Image from
http://greennature.com/gallery/caterpillarpictures/cinnebar-caterpillar.html
Living things evolve
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Groups of organisms
will evolve or change
over time.
Evidence of these
changes can be found in
living things and fossils.
Darwin and Natural
Selection provide the
evidence
satorismiles.com/.../
Maintain stable internal environment
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Organism must keep their internal
environment stable even when the external
environment changes.
Maintaining an organisms internal
environment is referred to as homeostasis.
Ex: humans internal temperature
Universal genetic code
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All information needed to live and grow is
stored in a genetic code known as DNA.
Information is passed from parent to
offspring.
http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/gloss3/DN
A2.gif
Any Questions?
Let’s review….What are the
characteristics of life?
Write down the characteristics we
talked about today
Do scientists consider this living?
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http://s.hswstatic.com/gif/light-virus-1.jpg
Consider all 8
characteristics of life
Do you think a virus
is living or not and
defend your answer?
Unity and diversity of life
How is the unity of life, the fact
that all living things share the
same characteristics explained?
Let’s go outside!
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Part 1- Collect and/or
observe 5 specimens
from outside.
They can be anything
as long as we are not
damaging the
ecosystem
Write down
observations during
your time outside.
You have 10 minutes
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You will come back
inside and pair up
with another person.
Compare your
observations. Group
your specimens
together and indicate
why you grouped
them that way.
Make a list of
similarities and
differences.
Unity: due to common
ancestry
Diversity: having
different forms through
adaptations in response
to different
environments
http://www.riverdell.org/cms/lib05/NJ01001380/Centricity/Domain/85/evolutionary_t
ree_of_life.gif
Diversity
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Diversity of
organisms has
occurred through
adaptations to
different
environments.
Which characteristic
of life does this
connect to?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nY
BT1pC7uuA
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/1Lq_mfiF1BE/UGM7XK2RtzI/AAAAAAAAA_0/IutmR0TLYfw/s1600/BIOL
OGY.png
Taxonomy
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Organization of
organisms that have
similar structures and
function.
Why should we
classify organaisms?
http://www2.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/kingdoms.gif
Six Kingdoms and
3 Domains
http://go.hrw.com/venus_images/science/mbbios02005a.jpg
Classification
Carl Linneaus – developed
modern taxonomy
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Organized organisms
based on common
structures which reflects
evolutionary
relationships
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Developed two part
naming system called
Binomial Nomeclature
http://media-cacheak0.pinimg.com/236x/da/83/07/da830730e48278b1393606ce552f8ccc.jpg