Test Review
Unit 4
Question #1
What process does the diagram below represent?
A. DNA replication
B. Protein synthesis
C. Cell division
D. Nuclear division
Question #2
Looking at the diagram below, which molecule carries the
anticodon?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5
Question #3
Looking at the diagram below, which molecule is coded directly
from DNA?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5
Question #4
Which molecule is made when the process in the diagram
below is completed?
A. Nucleic acids
B. Lipids
C. Proteins
D. Carbohydrates
Question #5
What is the name of the bond pictured in the diagram below?
A. Hydrogen bond
B. Ionic bond
C. Peptide bond
D. James bond
Question #6
Mutations in different species are not always harmful to the
organism. Which of the following is a good example of a
mutation that can help a species survive over time?
A. A dog that has learned to stay away from an electrified
fence
B. A fly infected with parasites
C. A cactus with no spines
D. A cockroach resistant to pesticides
Question #7
The DNA of an ant and the DNA of an elephant are made up
of:
A. Subunits that are arranged in chains of the same length
B. Subunits arranged in the same order
C. Subunits with the same nitrogen bases but in different
sequence in each species
D. Subunits arranged with different nitrogen bases
Question #8
Looking at the diagram below, letter A is
synthesized/transcribed based on a template found in:
A. Amino acids
B. RNA
C. Helicase
D. DNA
Question #9
Looking at the diagram below, which processes take place in the
cytoplasm?
A. 1, 2 and 3
B. 3, 4 and 5
C. 4 and 5
D. 3 only
Question #10
Looking at the diagram below, which processes take place in the
nucleus?
A. 4 and 5
B. 2 and 3
C. 1 and 2
D. 3 and 4
Question #11
Looking at the diagram below, process 2 is known as:
A. Transcription
B. Translation
C. Replication
D. Mutation
Question #12
Looking at the diagram below, process 1 is known as:
A. Replication
B. Translation
C. Transcription
D. Mutation
Question #13
Looking at the diagram below, process 3 is known as:
A. Replication
B. Mutation
C. Translation
D. Transcription
Question #14
The types of enzymes (proteins) made in a cell are based on:
A. Location of the DNA molecule
B. Shape of the DNA molecule
C. Size of the nucleotides in DNA molecules
D. Order of the nucleotides in DNA molecules
Question #15
Chromosomal mutations that happen in the sex cells (gametes)
of humans can affect how the children look because:
A. The mutation makes the development of the baby faster
B. Many traits (characteristics) are affected
C. Only one trait (characteristic) is affected
D. They are on the sex chromosomes
Question #16
The chart below shows a comparison of species A with species
B, C, D and E. What conclusion could you arrive at based on
the information given?
A. The environment influences how fast evolution takes place
B. Less mutations took place in species B and C than in
species A
C. Species A is more related to species B than species E
D. Species A and E are more similar in protein structure
Question #17
Which of the following diagrams illustrates a nucleotide?
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
Question #18
Some mutations in humans result in a person being born
without important enzymes the body needs. Which of the
statements below would NOT be an explanation of this event?
A. A DNA base coding for the enzyme was removed
B. A DNA base coding for the enzyme was substituted
C. The wrong mRNA code caused the wrong protein to form
D. The person lost a chromosome because of non-disjunction
Question #19
The enzyme that controls transcription is called:
A. RNA polymerase
B. DNA polymerase
C. Transcriptase
D. Replicatase
Question #20
Which of these changes to the RNA triplet (codon) CUC will
affect the protein produced?
A. UUA
B. CUG
C. AUU
D. CUA
Question #21
What type of mutation would occur if the RNA codon GUU
were changed to GUG?
A. Deletion
B. Silent
C. Insertion
D. Translation
Question #22
During protein synthesis, what is the role of the DNA
molecule?
A. To be a messenger
B. To create substitutions
C. To be the source of the genetic code
D. To be the source of amino acids
Question #23
What would be the complementary strand to the following
DNA strand AAATGGCCTT?
A. UUUACCGGAA
B. TTTACCGGAA
C. TUTACGGGUU
D. TTTUGGCCUU
Question #24
What is the importance of hydrogen bonds in the DNA
molecule?
A. Hydrogen bonds hold the twists in the DNA molecule
B. Hydrogen bonds hold the sugar and phosphate together
C. Hydrogen bonds are very strong and keep the molecule
safe and secure
D. Hydrogen bonds are weak bonds that allow DNA to unzip
for replication
Question #25
Because of base pairing in DNA, the percentage of pyrimidines
in DNA is about equal to the percentage of purines.
A. True
B. False
Question #26
What is the purpose of the process in the diagram below?
A. To make a ribosome
B. To make mRNA
C. To change the DNA sequence
D. To make an identical copy of the DNA molecule for cell
reproduction
Question #27
Molecules of DNA are made of long chains of:
A. Bases
B. Amino acids
C. Monosaccharides
D. Nucleotides
Question #28
Chemical changes in the structure illustrated below happen
because of:
A. Changes in the environment
B. Exposure to water
C. High salinity levels
D. Exposure to mutagenic agents
Question #29
The process in which new copies of DNA are made is called:
A. Transcription
B. Replication
C. Translation
D. Protein synthesis
Question #30
The enzyme that unwinds/unzips DNA is called:
A. Helicase
B. DNA polymerase
C. RNA polymerase
D. Intron
Question #31
Which of the following explanations determines the traits
(characteristics) of an organism on the DNA molecule?
A. Amount of purines and pyrimidines
B. Strength of the hydrogen bonds
C. Number of Deoxyribose sugars
D. Sequence of the nitrogen bases
Question #32
When DNA is going to replicate, at which point must the DNA
molecule separate?
A. Between the nitrogen base pairs
B. Between the sugar and phosphates
C. Between any two chemical bonds
D. Between every 10th base pairs
Question #33
If a mutation is present in the gametes (sex cells) of an
organism, where will this mutation most likely be transferred?
A. To other organisms nearby
B. To the mating partner of the organism
C. To the siblings (brothers/sisters) of the organism
D. To the offspring (“children”) of the organism
Question #34
A mutation was discovered in a population of bobcats in the
Sonoran desert in Arizona. Using your knowledge of mutations
and their impact on organisms, predict which of the following
could be a result of this mutation:
A. High rate of deaths of bobcats
B. Bobcat population will have no changes
C. Higher fertility rates in the affected bobcats
D. All of the above are possible effects of a mutation
Question #35
The weakest bonds in a molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid is
between the:
A. Phosphate groups
B. Deoxyribose sugars
C. Nitrogenous bases
D. Sugars and phosphates