•
•
Cells grow by obtaining nutrients and
discharging waste.
Cells usually reach a certain size and
then divide. An adult’s cells are no
larger than a child’s, just that there are
more of them.
•
•
•
•
Smaller a cell is, the better for transporting
gases and nutrients into the cell.
Smaller Cell = More Surface Area
Larger size is more demanding of
nutrients
Larger size put more demands on DNA
Cell grows,
prepares for
division, divides
to form two new
daughter cells
Interphase
Divided into 3 phases (longest)
1. G1 Phase: period
of activity where cells
increase in size &
synthesize new
proteins & organelles
Interphase cont.
2. S Phase:
Chromosomes are
replicated & synthesis of
DNA molecules.
3. G2 Phase: DNA
replication complete, the
shortest phase begins.
Organelles/molecules for
cell division produced.
Now M phase can begin.
M Phase:
Mitosis takes place
or
DIVISION OF
CELL NUCLEUS!
Later cytokinesis
takes place
M Phases-Mitosis:
-Interphase
-Prophase
-Metaphase
-Anaphase
-Telophase
Cytokinesis:
Division of cytoplasm
at end of mitosis
Remember:
IPMAT
Chromosome: made of DNA which
carry cell’s coded genetic info
Centrioles: help organize spindle fibers
Sister Chromatids: chromosome has
2 identical chromatids
Centromere: holds sister chromatids
together, separates chromosomes in anaphase
Spindle fibers: fanlike microtubule,
helps separate chromosomes
Long, ¾ of
time
Remember:
IPMAT
Prophase
• During prophase, the
chromosomes become
visible. The centrioles
take positions in
opposite sides of the
cell and form the
spindle.
Back
Prophase - Mitosis
Metaphase
• During metaphase,
the chromosomes line
up across the center
of the cell.
• Microtubules connect
the centromere of
each chromosome to
the two poles of the
spindle.
Back
Anaphase
• During Anaphase, the centromeres
that joined the sister chromatids split
becoming individual chromosomes.
Back
Telophase
• The chromosomes
move to opposite
sides of the cell and
a nuclear envelope
forms around each
group of
chromosomes.
Cytokinesis
• The process in which the cytoplasm
separates, forming completely the two
new daughter cells.
• It usually occurs about the same time as
Telophase.
• This occurs different in plants and in
animals.
Interphase
Anaphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Telophase
Match word with definition
The second stage, division of the
cytoplasm. ( B )
a) Mitosis
The first stage, division of the cell
nucleus ( A )
b) Cytokinesis
c) Chromatids
One of the two identical “sister” parts
of a duplicated chromosome. ( C )
Match word with definition
Usually located in the middle of the
chromatids (C )
Period of the cell cycle between cell divisions
( F)
The series of events that cells go through as
they grow and divide ( D)
First and longest phase of mitosis ( A)
Two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of
animal cells near the nuclear envelope ( E )
Fanlike microtubule structure that helps
separate the chromosomes during mitosis ( B )
A. Prophase
B. Spindle
C. Centromeres
D. Cell cycle
E. Centrioles
F. Interphase
Mini-Test
How do you call the process in which a
cell divides into two new daughter cells?
a) Cell Fractioning
b) Cell Division
What is the second stage in the cell cycle,
where the cytoplasm divides?
a) Mitosis
b) Cytokinesis
Biologists divide the events of mitosis
into four phases, which are they?
a) G1Phase,
Sphase, G2Phase,
cytokinesis
b)Prophase,
metaphase, anaphase,
telophase
When are the chromosomes replicated,
or “copied”?
a) Before cell division
b) After cell division