REVIEW FOR WWI, RUSSIAN REVOLUTION &
BETWEEN THE WARS UNIT TEST
WORLD WAR I REVIEW
THE MAIN CAUSES OF WWI
1. Nationalism- superiority of own nation or wanting your own nation
A. French Hate the Germans
B. Slavs wanting independence
2. Imperialism- taking over or controlling another country or region
A. Race for Colonies
B. German & Italian Jealousy over colonies
3. Militarism- glorification of the military
A. Might = Right
B. Arms Races
4. Alliance Structure- interlocking defense treaties- just needs one
spark
for WWI to start
PRE-WAR ALLIANCES
Triple Alliance
Triple Entente
• Germany
• France
• Austria-Hungary
• Russia
• Italy
• Great Britain
THE START OF THE WAR
• Archduke Franz Ferdinand
A. In Sarajevo, Bosnia
B. Assassinated
1. The Assassin: Gavrilo Princip
2. The Black Hand
• War is Declared: July 28, 1914
WWI: TOTAL WAR
• WWI Impacts everyone
• Impacts on the Home front:
1. Draft
2. Rationing
3. All must Work
4. Propaganda & Censorship
5. Lack of Food and Necessities
THE SIDES IN WWI- NEED TO KNOW- LISTING
Allies
Central Powers
• France
• Germany
• Russia
• Austria-Hungary
• Great Britain
• Ottoman Empire
• Serbia
• Bulgaria
• Italy
• United States
• Japan
FIGHTING THE WAR
• Use of Trench Warfare
A. Common on the Western
Front
1. 475 miles of
trenches
• No Mans Land
1. Area between the Trenches
2. Barren & Bombed out
• New Technology in WWI
1. Machine Guns
2. Poison Gas
3. Flamethrowers
4. Tanks
5. Airplanes
6. Submarines
TURNING POINTS & END OF WWI
• The Turning Points of WWI
1. US enters the War on the side of the Allies April of 1917
2. Russia exits the War in November of 1917
A. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk- Russia gives up a lot of
land to Germany in order to exit War & continue
revolution
• Armistice- 11:00 am, November 11, 1918
THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES
• Goal of Allies, especially France and Great Britain, Punish
Germany
• The Big Four at the conference: Clemenceau, George, Wilson
& Orlando
• Treaty is very Harsh to Germany
• Causes rise of Nazism & WWII
1. German anger at severity of Treaty will weaken
government
2. Germans will push to regain Power & Prestige
lost in the Treaty
its
THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION
CAUSES OF REVOLUTION
• Dissatisfaction with Czarist Rule
1. Czar was very autocratic and people had few rights
• Peasant Unrest
1. Peasants treated like serfs, lack of food and protections
• Urban Workers
1. Severe impacts of industrialism- no unions
• Diversity of Nationalism
1. Many groups in Russia want their own countries, or at least some rights
• WWI
1. Destabilizes Russia
THE BOLSHEVIKS
• Duma- very weak and ineffectual
• Bolsheviks- Hardline communists who called for a violent overthrow of
the government
1. Led by Vladimir Lenin & Leon Trotsky
• Steps to a “Communist Paradise”
1. Replace Capitalism- private ownership of all resources, no
government interference
2. Next go to Socialism- strong government redistributes all
resources- creates a classless society
3. Communism- no government, just a leader to guide country.
Classless society
THE REVOLUTION
• Starts in 1917- takes 3 years
• Against Czar Nicholas II
1. Forced to Abdicate in 1917
2. Entire Family is murdered in 1919
• Communists win after a very bloody struggle
BETWEEN THE WARS
• Gandhi in India
1. Pushes for Indian Independence using Non-Violent
means
• Rise of Fascism
1. Strong, dictatorial, governments that are very
nationalistic & imperialistic
2. Founded in Italy by Benito Mussolini
3. Also used by Adolph Hitler
THE GREAT DEPRESSION
CAUSES
• Main Cause, especially in US, Stock Market Crash
• Weakened European Economies from WWI
• Collapse of Banks
• Enacting Tariffs & Retaliatory Tariffs
EFFECTS/IMPACTS
• High Unemployment
• Businesses Closing
• Loss of Trade
• Friction Between Nations
• Destabilization of World Governments
• Rise of Communism & Fascism
TEST REMINDERS
• STUDY- 100 Points
• Extended Response Questions
1. Answer all parts- explain, describe…
2. Don’t just list
• Take your time