Name: _____________________________
Mock Exam 2 (Strang)
1. Alexis uses cocaine, which activates her sympathetic nervous system. When anticipating
a visit from her dealer, her hands shake and her heart pounds. Which of the following
correctly identifies the neutral stimulus, the CS, and the US?
a. neutral stimulus – knock on the door; CS – cocaine; US – cocaine
b. neutral stimulus – knock on the door; CS – knock on the door; US – pounding
heart
c. neutral stimulus – knock on the door; CS – knock on the door; US – cocaine
d. neutral stimulus – cocaine; CS – knock on the door; US – cocaine
2. Janine completed several tours of duty in Afghanistan. She suffers from PTSD. Now,
back home in Texas, she is frightened by firecrackers and cars backfiring. The fact that
these sounds scare her reflects stimulus:
a. extinction.
b. discrimination.
c. generalization.
d. association.
3. Mrs. Martin, a third-grade teacher, is teaching cursive writing. At first, she reinforces
even crude attempts to reproduce letters with an encouraging word; as time goes on,
though, she reinforces only well-formed letters. By reinforcing progressively better
attempts at writing letters, Mrs. Martin is using:
a. shaping.
b. classical conditioning.
c. partial reinforcement.
d. modeling.
4. Which consequence is correctly matched with an example of it?
a. positive reinforcement – Harvey is suspended when he vandalizes school
property.
b. negative reinforcement – Jeff puts up his umbrella when it starts to sprinkle so he
won’t get wet.
c. positive punishment – Jacqueline’s teacher puts a cute sticker on an arithmetic
exercise completed without mistakes.
d. negative punishment – Tommy receives a written reprimand from his boss
following a series of customer complaints.
5. Vending machine is to ____ reinforcement as slot machine is to _____ reinforcement.
a. continuous; partial
b. partial; continuous
c. partial; intermittent
d. intermittent; partial
6. Which promotion exemplifies the use of a variable-ratio schedule of reinforcement?
a. Every now and then, a café announces a two-for-one deal.
b. A café offers its customers a punch card. Each time a patron purchases a
beverage, a hold is punched; when ten holes are punched, the patron receives a
free beverage.
c. A café prints “You are a winner” on a random one-twelfth of its coffee lids;
patrons receiving such a lid can redeem it for a free beverage.
d. A café offers each patron an early morning two-for-one free-beverage-withpurchase deal from 5 to 6 a.m. on Monday mornings.
7. Skip would like his partner to stop leaving shaving cream and stubble in the sink after he
shaves in the morning. At first, Skip complains to his partner about the mess. Then Skip
changes tactics: he thanks his partner on the occasional mornings when he rinses out the
sink. Skip has changed from using _____ to using _____.
a. positive punishment; positive reinforcement
b. negative reinforcement; negative punishment
c. negative reinforcement; positive reinforcement
d. positive reinforcement; negative reinforcement
8. Research suggests that the likelihood that a boy will become a gay man is _____
associated with the number of older brothers he has.
a. negatively
b. not
c. weakly
d. positively
9. When women reach maturity at puberty, the two ovaries begin to produce _____ and
progesterone, female sex hormones.
a. androgens
b. estrogens
c. genitals
d. ovaries
10. Which sequence correctly orders the phases of the human sexual response cycle, from
first to last?
a. excitement > plateau > orgasm > resolution
b. excitement > plateau > resolution > orgasm
c. plateau > excitement > orgasm > resolution
d. plateau > resolution > excitement > orgasm
11. The refractory period is the:
a. moment before orgasm during which sexual arousal is maintained at a fairly high
level.
b. stage of the sexual response cycle during which sexual excitation reaches its
climax.
c. span of the monthly female reproductive cycle during which ovulation occurs.
d. time span after orgasm during which a male cannot be aroused to another orgasm.
12. Which of the following is indicative of a sexual disorder?
a. nocturnal emissions
b. premature ejaculation
c. erotic plasticity
d. refractory periods
13. Which stage of the sexual response cycle is does the refractory period take place?
A) Plateau
B) Excitement
C) Orgasm
D) Resolution
14. What is an example of a secondary sex characteristic?
A) vagina
B) skin color
C) facial hair
D) eye color
15. Nicki is an infant and her family has bought her many dolls and pink articles of clothing.
This is an example of …..
A) gender identity
B) gender typing
C) gender role
d) sexual characteristics
16. Which of the following has been linked in determining a person’s sexual orientation?
A) abnormally large pons
B) levels of sex hormones in the blood
C) parental relationship
D) differences in the size of the hypothalamus
17. Isabella works at the paper mill. Every morning when she arrives at work she smells the
atrocious odor but then she doesn’t notice it any longer. What is this an example of?
A) sensory adaptation
B) sensory interpretation
C) just noticeable difference
D) sensory interaction
18. What is adjusted during accommodation?
A) cornea
B) eardrum
C) lens
D) retina
19. Ned has a rare disease that has disabled the function of his iris. What will be the
consequences of this rare disease?
A) no conseqences
B) he will not have the ability to refract incoming light into his eye
C) he will lose the ability to adjust the amount of light entering his eye
D) he will has a heightened visual acuity
20. Axons of what cells make up the optic nerve?
A) photoreceptors
B) bipolar cells
C) feature detectors
D) ganglion cells
21. Which theory states that there are only three color receptors that can produce perception of
any color?
A) opponent-process theory
B) place theory
C) Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory
D) frequency theory
22. What determines pitch with regards to audition?
A) wavelength
B) amplitude
C) frequency
D) intensity
23. What are the receptors for pain?
A) nociceptors
B) vestibular receptors
C) photoreceptors
D) endorphins
24. _________________ is to classical conditioning as _______________ is to operant
conditioning?
A) Skinner; Pavlov
B) Pavlov; Skinner
C) Watson; Pavlov
D) punishments; rewards
25. John’s cat knows it’s time to eat when the bell rings. The cat also believes it’s time to eat
when the clock’s bell chimes? This is an example of ….
A) generalization
B) recovery
C) extinction
D) acquisition
26. Which psychologist is responsible for the Bobo doll experiment?
A) Skinner
B) Bandura
C) Watson
D) Pavlov
27. The what are the receptor cells for the auditory system?
A) hair cells
B) semicircular canals
C) photoreceptors
D) proprioceptors
28. Which of the following is an example of a monocular cue?
A) relative height
B) linear perspective
C) interposition
D) All of the above
29. Which of the following is true of cones?
A) they are more numerous
B) high sensitivity in dim light
C) high detail sensitivity
D) perceive black and white
30. What determines the sex of a child?
A) the father’s sex chromosome
B) the mother’s sex chromosome
C) the prenatal environment
D) All of the above
.31. Which of the following is true?
A) females are more relationally aggressive
B) men tend to be more democratic leaders
C) males tend to be more interdependent
D) men prefer to work with people
32. Gender is to ___________ as sex is to _______________.
A) nature, nurture
B) biological, social
C) social, biological
D) transsexual, transgender
33. Johnathan has always desired to be a female while, he was biologically a male. He recently
had a sex change. Johnathan would best be considered a(n)
A) transgender
B) transsexual
C) intersex
D) gender opposite
34. Sensation is to _____________ as perception is to __________________.
A) transduction, transformation
B) transformation, transduction
C) bottom-up processing, top-down processing
D) top-down processing, bottom-up processing
35. Two parents are talking while their child plays on the playground with many other loud
children. All of the sudden a scream from the play area. The parents are able to distinguish it as
their child’s amongst all of the other noise. This illustrates……
A) absolute threshold
B) subliminal theory
C) difference threshold
D) sensory adaptation
36. Jackson is watching a commercial. A picture flashes on the top left of the screen and he does
not consciously detect it. This picture is an example of…….
A) absolute threshold
B) subliminal messaging
C) just noticeable difference
D) difference threshold
37. In the electromagnetic spectrum red has longer wavelength that blue. It can be concluded
that…..
A) blue has lower energy than red
B) red has higher energy than blue
C) red has higher frequency than blue
D) blue has higher frequency than red
38. Which of the following is not an example of grouping?
A) proximity
B) closure
C) shaping
D) continuity
39. Which structure funnels sound waves toward the eardrum?
A) semicircular canal
B) auditory canal
C) oval window
D) vestibular canal
40. Splinter has just stubbed his toe on a concrete surface. As he wails in pain, his brain releases
________________ to sooth him.
A) endorphins
B) nociceptors
C) testosterone
D) serotonin
41. Which of the following are both known as the chemical senses?
A) taste, touch
B) vestibular, kinesthesis
C) taste, olfaction
D) audition, visual
42. Which sense is the only sense that is not first sent to the thalamus on its path to the brain?
A) auditory
B) taste
C) touch
D) olfactory
43. After her accident, Jolene cannot feel where her head is positioned in space. She also cannot
maintain her balance as well as she used to. What part of her body could have been damaged?
A) vestibular sacs
B) auditory canal
C) retina
D) hair cells
44. When Jackie sees the word psychology she automatically gets a salty taste in her mouth.
What phenomenon does this illustrate?
A) heightened sensory interation
B) perceptual set
C) synaesthesia
D) hyperactive taste buds
45. Classical conditioning is to ____________ whereas operant conditioning is to __________.
A) discrimination, generalization
B) automatic, choice
C) generalization, discrimination
D) choice, automatic
46. Jessica is taking psychology because she enjoys the subject matter while Dani is taking it
because it is required for her to graduate. Jessica illustrates _______________ while Dani’s case
conveys_____________?
A) intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation
B) extrinsic motivation, intrinsic motivation
C) classical conditioning, operant conditioning
D) operant conditioning, classical conditioning
47. The Bobo Doll experiment illustrated proof of what type of learning?
A) associative learning
B) observational learning
C) classical conditioning
D) operant conditioning
48. The Little Albert experiment illustrated proof of what type of learning?
A) cognitive learning
B) observational learning
C) classical conditioning
D) operant conditioning
49. In the famous experiment involving Ivan Pavlov and a dog, what was the conditioned
response?
A) salivation
B) barking
C) ringing a bell
D) biting
50. Karen is driving to Birmingham, AL and it starts to rain. Before she knows it she cannot see
out of the windshield due to water accumulation. She turns on the windshield wipers to remove
the excessive amount of water. This is an example of
A) negative punishment
B) negative reinforcement
C) positive punishment
D) positive reinforcement